
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 14 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (/ 0.125 (exp (/ r s))) (* r (* s PI))) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* r (* 6.0 (* s (pow (cbrt PI) 3.0))))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / expf((r / s))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (r * (6.0f * (s * powf(cbrtf(((float) M_PI)), 3.0f))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * (cbrt(Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(3.0)))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3}\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
times-frac99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
rec-exp99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
Simplified99.8%
add-cube-cbrt99.9%
pow399.9%
Applied egg-rr99.9%
Final simplification99.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* r (pow (cbrt (* s PI)) 3.0)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) + expf((r / -s))) / (r * powf(cbrtf((s * ((float) M_PI))), 3.0f)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * (cbrt(Float32(s * Float32(pi))) ^ Float32(3.0))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{s \cdot \pi}\right)}^{3}}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
add-cube-cbrt99.9%
pow399.9%
Applied egg-rr99.9%
Final simplification99.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (+ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (exp (/ r (- s)))) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) + expf((r / -s))) / r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) + exp((r / -s))) / r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
pow-exp99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
Applied egg-rr99.8%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) + expf((r / -s))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) + exp((r / -s))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
mul-1-neg99.8%
exp-neg99.8%
Applied egg-rr99.8%
rec-exp99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* r (/ -0.3333333333333333 s)))) (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf((r * (-0.3333333333333333f / s)))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(r * Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp((r * (single(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{r \cdot \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
div-inv97.5%
+-commutative97.5%
exp-prod97.3%
associate-*r/97.3%
neg-mul-197.3%
associate-*r*97.3%
Applied egg-rr97.3%
associate-*r/99.6%
*-rgt-identity99.6%
exp-prod99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
associate-*r*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 6.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 7.1%
associate-*r*7.1%
*-commutative7.1%
associate-*l*7.1%
Simplified7.1%
log1p-expm1-u48.4%
Applied egg-rr48.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (/ 0.125 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) (* r (* s PI))) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* r (* (* s PI) 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (r * ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * Float32(6.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (r * ((s * single(pi)) * single(6.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 6\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
times-frac99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
rec-exp99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 13.4%
Final simplification13.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (* (/ (/ r (pow s 2.0)) PI) 0.06944444444444445) (+ (/ 0.25 (* r PI)) (/ -0.16666666666666666 (* s PI)))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((((r / powf(s, 2.0f)) / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.06944444444444445f) + ((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) + (-0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI))))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / (s ^ Float32(2.0))) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.06944444444444445)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((((r / (s ^ single(2.0))) / single(pi)) * single(0.06944444444444445)) + ((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) + (single(-0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi))))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{r}{{s}^{2}}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445 + \left(\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
+-commutative99.8%
times-frac99.8%
fma-define99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
neg-mul-199.8%
times-frac99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
times-frac99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.4%
Simplified7.4%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(+
(/
(+
(* 0.125 (/ (+ (* 0.05555555555555555 (/ r PI)) (* (/ r PI) 0.5)) s))
(* 0.16666666666666666 (/ -1.0 PI)))
s)
(* 0.25 (/ 1.0 (* r PI))))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((((0.125f * (((0.05555555555555555f * (r / ((float) M_PI))) + ((r / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.5f)) / s)) + (0.16666666666666666f * (-1.0f / ((float) M_PI)))) / s) + (0.25f * (1.0f / (r * ((float) M_PI))))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.05555555555555555) * Float32(r / Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.5))) / s)) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(pi)))) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((((single(0.125) * (((single(0.05555555555555555) * (r / single(pi))) + ((r / single(pi)) * single(0.5))) / s)) + (single(0.16666666666666666) * (single(-1.0) / single(pi)))) / s) + (single(0.25) * (single(1.0) / (r * single(pi))))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot \frac{0.05555555555555555 \cdot \frac{r}{\pi} + \frac{r}{\pi} \cdot 0.5}{s} + 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{-1}{\pi}}{s} + 0.25 \cdot \frac{1}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 7.4%
Final simplification7.4%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(-
(/ 0.25 (* r PI))
(/
(+ (/ (* (/ r PI) -0.06944444444444445) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) - (((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) - (((((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
+-commutative99.8%
times-frac99.8%
fma-define99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
neg-mul-199.8%
times-frac99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
times-frac99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 7.4%
mul-1-neg7.4%
Simplified7.4%
Final simplification7.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ 2.0 r) (/ (- (/ (* r 0.5555555555555556) s) 1.3333333333333333) s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((2.0f / r) + ((((r * 0.5555555555555556f) / s) - 1.3333333333333333f) / s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(0.5555555555555556)) / s) - Float32(1.3333333333333333)) / s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((single(2.0) / r) + ((((r * single(0.5555555555555556)) / s) - single(1.3333333333333333)) / s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{2}{r} + \frac{\frac{r \cdot 0.5555555555555556}{s} - 1.3333333333333333}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
pow-exp99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
Applied egg-rr99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 7.3%
+-commutative7.3%
mul-1-neg7.3%
unsub-neg7.3%
associate-*r/7.3%
metadata-eval7.3%
mul-1-neg7.3%
unsub-neg7.3%
distribute-rgt-out7.3%
metadata-eval7.3%
Simplified7.3%
Final simplification7.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 1.0 PI) (/ 0.25 (* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (1.0f / ((float) M_PI)) * (0.25f / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(1.0) / single(pi)) * (single(0.25) / (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\pi} \cdot \frac{0.25}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 6.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 7.1%
associate-*r*7.1%
*-commutative7.1%
associate-*l*7.1%
Simplified7.1%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 7.1%
associate-/r*7.1%
associate-/r*7.1%
Simplified7.1%
div-inv7.1%
associate-/l/7.1%
Applied egg-rr7.1%
Final simplification7.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 (* r s)) PI))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / (r * s)) / ((float) M_PI);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * s)) / Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / (r * s)) / single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot s}}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 6.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 7.1%
associate-*r*7.1%
*-commutative7.1%
associate-*l*7.1%
Simplified7.1%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 7.1%
associate-/r*7.1%
associate-/r*7.1%
Simplified7.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 7.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.1%
herbie shell --seed 2024143
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))