
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (fma c -4.0 (/ (pow b 2.0) a))))
(if (<= b 0.38)
(/ (/ (fma a t_0 (- (pow b 2.0))) (+ b (sqrt (* a t_0)))) (* a 2.0))
(-
(*
a
(*
(* c c)
(+
(*
c
(*
a
(+ (* -5.0 (/ (* a c) (pow b 7.0))) (* 2.0 (/ -1.0 (pow b 5.0))))))
(/ -1.0 (pow b 3.0)))))
(/ c b)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = fma(c, -4.0, (pow(b, 2.0) / a));
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.38) {
tmp = (fma(a, t_0, -pow(b, 2.0)) / (b + sqrt((a * t_0)))) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = (a * ((c * c) * ((c * (a * ((-5.0 * ((a * c) / pow(b, 7.0))) + (2.0 * (-1.0 / pow(b, 5.0)))))) + (-1.0 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c) t_0 = fma(c, -4.0, Float64((b ^ 2.0) / a)) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 0.38) tmp = Float64(Float64(fma(a, t_0, Float64(-(b ^ 2.0))) / Float64(b + sqrt(Float64(a * t_0)))) / Float64(a * 2.0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(c * c) * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-5.0 * Float64(Float64(a * c) / (b ^ 7.0))) + Float64(2.0 * Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 5.0)))))) + Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(c * -4.0 + N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[b, 0.38], N[(N[(N[(a * t$95$0 + (-N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + N[Sqrt[N[(a * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[(N[(c * c), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(-5.0 * N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \mathsf{fma}\left(c, -4, \frac{{b}^{2}}{a}\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 0.38:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t\_0, -{b}^{2}\right)}{b + \sqrt{a \cdot t\_0}}}{a \cdot 2}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \left(\left(c \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-5 \cdot \frac{a \cdot c}{{b}^{7}} + 2 \cdot \frac{-1}{{b}^{5}}\right)\right) + \frac{-1}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 0.38Initial program 86.8%
*-commutative86.8%
Simplified86.7%
Taylor expanded in a around inf 86.4%
flip--86.7%
add-sqr-sqrt88.0%
*-commutative88.0%
fma-define88.0%
unpow288.0%
*-commutative88.0%
fma-define88.0%
Applied egg-rr88.0%
fma-neg88.1%
+-commutative88.1%
Simplified88.1%
if 0.38 < b Initial program 52.8%
*-commutative52.8%
Simplified52.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
+-commutative92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
unsub-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
unpow292.4%
Applied egg-rr92.4%
Final simplification91.9%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* a (fma c -4.0 (/ (pow b 2.0) a)))))
(if (<= b 0.36)
(/ (/ (- t_0 (pow b 2.0)) (+ b (sqrt t_0))) (* a 2.0))
(-
(*
a
(*
(* c c)
(+
(*
c
(*
a
(+ (* -5.0 (/ (* a c) (pow b 7.0))) (* 2.0 (/ -1.0 (pow b 5.0))))))
(/ -1.0 (pow b 3.0)))))
(/ c b)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = a * fma(c, -4.0, (pow(b, 2.0) / a));
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.36) {
tmp = ((t_0 - pow(b, 2.0)) / (b + sqrt(t_0))) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = (a * ((c * c) * ((c * (a * ((-5.0 * ((a * c) / pow(b, 7.0))) + (2.0 * (-1.0 / pow(b, 5.0)))))) + (-1.0 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c) t_0 = Float64(a * fma(c, -4.0, Float64((b ^ 2.0) / a))) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 0.36) tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(t_0 - (b ^ 2.0)) / Float64(b + sqrt(t_0))) / Float64(a * 2.0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(c * c) * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-5.0 * Float64(Float64(a * c) / (b ^ 7.0))) + Float64(2.0 * Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 5.0)))))) + Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a * N[(c * -4.0 + N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[b, 0.36], N[(N[(N[(t$95$0 - N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + N[Sqrt[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[(N[(c * c), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(-5.0 * N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := a \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(c, -4, \frac{{b}^{2}}{a}\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 0.36:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{t\_0 - {b}^{2}}{b + \sqrt{t\_0}}}{a \cdot 2}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \left(\left(c \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-5 \cdot \frac{a \cdot c}{{b}^{7}} + 2 \cdot \frac{-1}{{b}^{5}}\right)\right) + \frac{-1}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 0.35999999999999999Initial program 86.8%
*-commutative86.8%
Simplified86.7%
Taylor expanded in a around inf 86.4%
flip--86.7%
add-sqr-sqrt88.0%
*-commutative88.0%
fma-define88.0%
unpow288.0%
*-commutative88.0%
fma-define88.0%
Applied egg-rr88.0%
if 0.35999999999999999 < b Initial program 52.8%
*-commutative52.8%
Simplified52.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
+-commutative92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
unsub-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
unpow292.4%
Applied egg-rr92.4%
Final simplification91.9%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (<= b 0.35)
(pow (cbrt (* 0.5 (/ (- (sqrt (fma a (* c -4.0) (pow b 2.0))) b) a))) 3.0)
(-
(*
a
(*
(* c c)
(+
(*
c
(*
a
(+ (* -5.0 (/ (* a c) (pow b 7.0))) (* 2.0 (/ -1.0 (pow b 5.0))))))
(/ -1.0 (pow b 3.0)))))
(/ c b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.35) {
tmp = pow(cbrt((0.5 * ((sqrt(fma(a, (c * -4.0), pow(b, 2.0))) - b) / a))), 3.0);
} else {
tmp = (a * ((c * c) * ((c * (a * ((-5.0 * ((a * c) / pow(b, 7.0))) + (2.0 * (-1.0 / pow(b, 5.0)))))) + (-1.0 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 0.35) tmp = cbrt(Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(a, Float64(c * -4.0), (b ^ 2.0))) - b) / a))) ^ 3.0; else tmp = Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(c * c) * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-5.0 * Float64(Float64(a * c) / (b ^ 7.0))) + Float64(2.0 * Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 5.0)))))) + Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 0.35], N[Power[N[Power[N[(0.5 * N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -4.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 3.0], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[(N[(c * c), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(-5.0 * N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 0.35:\\
\;\;\;\;{\left(\sqrt[3]{0.5 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, {b}^{2}\right)} - b}{a}}\right)}^{3}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \left(\left(c \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-5 \cdot \frac{a \cdot c}{{b}^{7}} + 2 \cdot \frac{-1}{{b}^{5}}\right)\right) + \frac{-1}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 0.34999999999999998Initial program 86.8%
*-commutative86.8%
Simplified86.7%
div-sub86.3%
sub-neg86.3%
*-un-lft-identity86.3%
*-commutative86.3%
times-frac86.3%
metadata-eval86.3%
pow286.3%
*-un-lft-identity86.3%
*-commutative86.3%
times-frac86.3%
metadata-eval86.3%
Applied egg-rr86.3%
sub-neg86.3%
distribute-lft-out--86.3%
Simplified86.3%
add-cube-cbrt86.2%
pow386.2%
sub-div86.9%
Applied egg-rr86.9%
if 0.34999999999999998 < b Initial program 52.8%
*-commutative52.8%
Simplified52.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
+-commutative92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
unsub-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
unpow292.4%
Applied egg-rr92.4%
Final simplification91.7%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (<= b 0.34)
(*
0.5
(+
(/ (- (sqrt (fma a (* c -4.0) (* b b))) b) a)
(fma (/ -1.0 a) b (/ b a))))
(-
(*
a
(*
(* c c)
(+
(*
c
(*
a
(+ (* -5.0 (/ (* a c) (pow b 7.0))) (* 2.0 (/ -1.0 (pow b 5.0))))))
(/ -1.0 (pow b 3.0)))))
(/ c b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.34) {
tmp = 0.5 * (((sqrt(fma(a, (c * -4.0), (b * b))) - b) / a) + fma((-1.0 / a), b, (b / a)));
} else {
tmp = (a * ((c * c) * ((c * (a * ((-5.0 * ((a * c) / pow(b, 7.0))) + (2.0 * (-1.0 / pow(b, 5.0)))))) + (-1.0 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 0.34) tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(a, Float64(c * -4.0), Float64(b * b))) - b) / a) + fma(Float64(-1.0 / a), b, Float64(b / a)))); else tmp = Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(c * c) * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-5.0 * Float64(Float64(a * c) / (b ^ 7.0))) + Float64(2.0 * Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 5.0)))))) + Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 0.34], N[(0.5 * N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -4.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(-1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] * b + N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[(N[(c * c), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(-5.0 * N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 0.34:\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{a} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{a}, b, \frac{b}{a}\right)\right)\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \left(\left(c \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-5 \cdot \frac{a \cdot c}{{b}^{7}} + 2 \cdot \frac{-1}{{b}^{5}}\right)\right) + \frac{-1}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 0.340000000000000024Initial program 86.8%
*-commutative86.8%
Simplified86.7%
div-sub86.3%
sub-neg86.3%
*-un-lft-identity86.3%
*-commutative86.3%
times-frac86.3%
metadata-eval86.3%
pow286.3%
*-un-lft-identity86.3%
*-commutative86.3%
times-frac86.3%
metadata-eval86.3%
Applied egg-rr86.3%
sub-neg86.3%
distribute-lft-out--86.3%
Simplified86.3%
div-inv86.3%
div-inv86.7%
prod-diff86.8%
Applied egg-rr86.8%
fma-undefine86.5%
associate-*r/86.4%
*-rgt-identity86.4%
unsub-neg86.4%
associate-*l/85.9%
*-lft-identity85.9%
div-sub86.4%
distribute-neg-frac86.4%
metadata-eval86.4%
associate-*l/86.9%
*-lft-identity86.9%
Simplified86.9%
unpow286.9%
Applied egg-rr86.9%
if 0.340000000000000024 < b Initial program 52.8%
*-commutative52.8%
Simplified52.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
+-commutative92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
unsub-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
unpow292.4%
Applied egg-rr92.4%
Final simplification91.7%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (<= b 0.38)
(*
0.5
(+
(/ (- (sqrt (fma a (* c -4.0) (* b b))) b) a)
(fma (/ -1.0 a) b (/ b a))))
(-
(* a (* (pow c 2.0) (- (* (* a c) (* -2.0 (pow b -5.0))) (pow b -3.0))))
(/ c b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.38) {
tmp = 0.5 * (((sqrt(fma(a, (c * -4.0), (b * b))) - b) / a) + fma((-1.0 / a), b, (b / a)));
} else {
tmp = (a * (pow(c, 2.0) * (((a * c) * (-2.0 * pow(b, -5.0))) - pow(b, -3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 0.38) tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(a, Float64(c * -4.0), Float64(b * b))) - b) / a) + fma(Float64(-1.0 / a), b, Float64(b / a)))); else tmp = Float64(Float64(a * Float64((c ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * c) * Float64(-2.0 * (b ^ -5.0))) - (b ^ -3.0)))) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 0.38], N[(0.5 * N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -4.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(-1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] * b + N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-2.0 * N[Power[b, -5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[b, -3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 0.38:\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{a} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{a}, b, \frac{b}{a}\right)\right)\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \left({c}^{2} \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(-2 \cdot {b}^{-5}\right) - {b}^{-3}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 0.38Initial program 86.8%
*-commutative86.8%
Simplified86.7%
div-sub86.3%
sub-neg86.3%
*-un-lft-identity86.3%
*-commutative86.3%
times-frac86.3%
metadata-eval86.3%
pow286.3%
*-un-lft-identity86.3%
*-commutative86.3%
times-frac86.3%
metadata-eval86.3%
Applied egg-rr86.3%
sub-neg86.3%
distribute-lft-out--86.3%
Simplified86.3%
div-inv86.3%
div-inv86.7%
prod-diff86.8%
Applied egg-rr86.8%
fma-undefine86.5%
associate-*r/86.4%
*-rgt-identity86.4%
unsub-neg86.4%
associate-*l/85.9%
*-lft-identity85.9%
div-sub86.4%
distribute-neg-frac86.4%
metadata-eval86.4%
associate-*l/86.9%
*-lft-identity86.9%
Simplified86.9%
unpow286.9%
Applied egg-rr86.9%
if 0.38 < b Initial program 52.8%
*-commutative52.8%
Simplified52.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
+-commutative92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
unsub-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 89.7%
associate-*r/89.7%
*-commutative89.7%
associate-/l*89.7%
metadata-eval89.7%
associate-*r/89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
exp-neg89.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in89.7%
metadata-eval89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
*-commutative89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
rec-exp89.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in89.7%
metadata-eval89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
Simplified89.7%
Final simplification89.3%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (<= b 0.36)
(/ (- (sqrt (* a (/ (+ (pow b 2.0) (* -4.0 (* a c))) a))) b) (* a 2.0))
(-
(* a (* (pow c 2.0) (- (* (* a c) (* -2.0 (pow b -5.0))) (pow b -3.0))))
(/ c b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.36) {
tmp = (sqrt((a * ((pow(b, 2.0) + (-4.0 * (a * c))) / a))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = (a * (pow(c, 2.0) * (((a * c) * (-2.0 * pow(b, -5.0))) - pow(b, -3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
real(8) :: tmp
if (b <= 0.36d0) then
tmp = (sqrt((a * (((b ** 2.0d0) + ((-4.0d0) * (a * c))) / a))) - b) / (a * 2.0d0)
else
tmp = (a * ((c ** 2.0d0) * (((a * c) * ((-2.0d0) * (b ** (-5.0d0)))) - (b ** (-3.0d0))))) - (c / b)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 0.36) {
tmp = (Math.sqrt((a * ((Math.pow(b, 2.0) + (-4.0 * (a * c))) / a))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = (a * (Math.pow(c, 2.0) * (((a * c) * (-2.0 * Math.pow(b, -5.0))) - Math.pow(b, -3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c): tmp = 0 if b <= 0.36: tmp = (math.sqrt((a * ((math.pow(b, 2.0) + (-4.0 * (a * c))) / a))) - b) / (a * 2.0) else: tmp = (a * (math.pow(c, 2.0) * (((a * c) * (-2.0 * math.pow(b, -5.0))) - math.pow(b, -3.0)))) - (c / b) return tmp
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 0.36) tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(a * Float64(Float64((b ^ 2.0) + Float64(-4.0 * Float64(a * c))) / a))) - b) / Float64(a * 2.0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(a * Float64((c ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * c) * Float64(-2.0 * (b ^ -5.0))) - (b ^ -3.0)))) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; if (b <= 0.36) tmp = (sqrt((a * (((b ^ 2.0) + (-4.0 * (a * c))) / a))) - b) / (a * 2.0); else tmp = (a * ((c ^ 2.0) * (((a * c) * (-2.0 * (b ^ -5.0))) - (b ^ -3.0)))) - (c / b); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 0.36], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(-4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-2.0 * N[Power[b, -5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[b, -3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 0.36:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{a \cdot \frac{{b}^{2} + -4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{a}} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \left({c}^{2} \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(-2 \cdot {b}^{-5}\right) - {b}^{-3}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 0.35999999999999999Initial program 86.8%
*-commutative86.8%
Simplified86.7%
Taylor expanded in a around inf 86.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 86.8%
if 0.35999999999999999 < b Initial program 52.8%
*-commutative52.8%
Simplified52.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
+-commutative92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
unsub-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 89.7%
associate-*r/89.7%
*-commutative89.7%
associate-/l*89.7%
metadata-eval89.7%
associate-*r/89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
exp-neg89.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in89.7%
metadata-eval89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
*-commutative89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
rec-exp89.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in89.7%
metadata-eval89.7%
exp-to-pow89.7%
Simplified89.7%
Final simplification89.3%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (if (<= b 46.0) (/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* c (* a 4.0)))) b) (* a 2.0)) (- (* (/ (pow c 2.0) (pow b 3.0)) (- a)) (/ c b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 46.0) {
tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = ((pow(c, 2.0) / pow(b, 3.0)) * -a) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
real(8) :: tmp
if (b <= 46.0d0) then
tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0d0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0d0)
else
tmp = (((c ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0)) * -a) - (c / b)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 46.0) {
tmp = (Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = ((Math.pow(c, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)) * -a) - (c / b);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c): tmp = 0 if b <= 46.0: tmp = (math.sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0) else: tmp = ((math.pow(c, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 3.0)) * -a) - (c / b) return tmp
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 46.0) tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(c * Float64(a * 4.0)))) - b) / Float64(a * 2.0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)) * Float64(-a)) - Float64(c / b)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; if (b <= 46.0) tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0); else tmp = (((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)) * -a) - (c / b); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 46.0], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c * N[(a * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-a)), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 46:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(a \cdot 4\right)} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{{c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}} \cdot \left(-a\right) - \frac{c}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 46Initial program 79.5%
if 46 < b Initial program 48.4%
*-commutative48.4%
Simplified48.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 86.8%
mul-1-neg86.8%
unsub-neg86.8%
mul-1-neg86.8%
distribute-neg-frac286.8%
associate-/l*86.8%
Simplified86.8%
Final simplification84.8%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (if (<= b 46.0) (/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* c (* a 4.0)))) b) (* a 2.0)) (/ (- (- c) (* a (pow (/ c b) 2.0))) b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 46.0) {
tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = (-c - (a * pow((c / b), 2.0))) / b;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
real(8) :: tmp
if (b <= 46.0d0) then
tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0d0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0d0)
else
tmp = (-c - (a * ((c / b) ** 2.0d0))) / b
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 46.0) {
tmp = (Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
} else {
tmp = (-c - (a * Math.pow((c / b), 2.0))) / b;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c): tmp = 0 if b <= 46.0: tmp = (math.sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0) else: tmp = (-c - (a * math.pow((c / b), 2.0))) / b return tmp
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 46.0) tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(c * Float64(a * 4.0)))) - b) / Float64(a * 2.0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-c) - Float64(a * (Float64(c / b) ^ 2.0))) / b); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; if (b <= 46.0) tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (c * (a * 4.0)))) - b) / (a * 2.0); else tmp = (-c - (a * ((c / b) ^ 2.0))) / b; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 46.0], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c * N[(a * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[((-c) - N[(a * N[Power[N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 46:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(a \cdot 4\right)} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-c\right) - a \cdot {\left(\frac{c}{b}\right)}^{2}}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 46Initial program 79.5%
if 46 < b Initial program 48.4%
*-commutative48.4%
Simplified48.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 93.8%
+-commutative93.8%
mul-1-neg93.8%
unsub-neg93.8%
Simplified93.8%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 93.8%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 86.8%
sub-neg86.8%
+-commutative86.8%
mul-1-neg86.8%
unsub-neg86.8%
associate-/l*86.8%
unpow286.8%
unpow286.8%
times-frac86.8%
unpow286.8%
Simplified86.8%
Final simplification84.8%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (- (- c) (* a (pow (/ c b) 2.0))) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-c - (a * pow((c / b), 2.0))) / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-c - (a * ((c / b) ** 2.0d0))) / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-c - (a * Math.pow((c / b), 2.0))) / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-c - (a * math.pow((c / b), 2.0))) / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-c) - Float64(a * (Float64(c / b) ^ 2.0))) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-c - (a * ((c / b) ^ 2.0))) / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-c) - N[(a * N[Power[N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-c\right) - a \cdot {\left(\frac{c}{b}\right)}^{2}}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 57.0%
*-commutative57.0%
Simplified57.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 89.5%
+-commutative89.5%
mul-1-neg89.5%
unsub-neg89.5%
Simplified89.5%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 89.5%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 79.7%
sub-neg79.7%
+-commutative79.7%
mul-1-neg79.7%
unsub-neg79.7%
associate-/l*79.7%
unpow279.7%
unpow279.7%
times-frac79.7%
unpow279.7%
Simplified79.7%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (- c) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -c / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = -c / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -c / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return -c / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(-c) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = -c / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 57.0%
*-commutative57.0%
Simplified57.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 63.3%
associate-*r/63.3%
mul-1-neg63.3%
Simplified63.3%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0;
}
def code(a, b, c): return 0.0
function code(a, b, c) return 0.0 end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0
\end{array}
Initial program 57.0%
*-commutative57.0%
Simplified57.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 63.3%
associate-*r/63.3%
mul-1-neg63.3%
Simplified63.3%
distribute-frac-neg63.3%
mul-1-neg63.3%
expm1-log1p-u56.6%
expm1-undefine43.9%
mul-1-neg43.9%
distribute-frac-neg243.9%
Applied egg-rr43.9%
sub-neg43.9%
log1p-undefine43.9%
rem-exp-log50.6%
distribute-frac-neg250.6%
unsub-neg50.6%
metadata-eval50.6%
Simplified50.6%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 3.2%
Final simplification3.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024141
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Quadratic roots, narrow range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 1.0536712127723509e-8 a) (< a 94906265.62425156)) (and (< 1.0536712127723509e-8 b) (< b 94906265.62425156))) (and (< 1.0536712127723509e-8 c) (< c 94906265.62425156)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))