
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* (* y 4.0) y))) (/ (- (* x x) t_0) (+ (* x x) t_0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y;
return ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
t_0 = (y * 4.0d0) * y
code = ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y;
return ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0);
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y return ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0)
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(Float64(y * 4.0) * y) return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - t_0) / Float64(Float64(x * x) + t_0)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y; tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0); end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(y * 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(y \cdot 4\right) \cdot y\\
\frac{x \cdot x - t\_0}{x \cdot x + t\_0}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 4 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* (* y 4.0) y))) (/ (- (* x x) t_0) (+ (* x x) t_0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y;
return ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
t_0 = (y * 4.0d0) * y
code = ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y;
return ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0);
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y return ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0)
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(Float64(y * 4.0) * y) return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - t_0) / Float64(Float64(x * x) + t_0)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) t_0 = (y * 4.0) * y; tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / ((x * x) + t_0); end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(y * 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(y \cdot 4\right) \cdot y\\
\frac{x \cdot x - t\_0}{x \cdot x + t\_0}
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* y (* y 4.0))))
(if (<= t_0 5e-285)
1.0
(if (<= t_0 2e+152)
(pow (/ (fma 4.0 (* y y) (* x x)) (fma y (* y -4.0) (* x x))) -1.0)
-1.0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * 4.0);
double tmp;
if (t_0 <= 5e-285) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (t_0 <= 2e+152) {
tmp = pow((fma(4.0, (y * y), (x * x)) / fma(y, (y * -4.0), (x * x))), -1.0);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(y * Float64(y * 4.0)) tmp = 0.0 if (t_0 <= 5e-285) tmp = 1.0; elseif (t_0 <= 2e+152) tmp = Float64(fma(4.0, Float64(y * y), Float64(x * x)) / fma(y, Float64(y * -4.0), Float64(x * x))) ^ -1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(y * N[(y * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 5e-285], 1.0, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 2e+152], N[Power[N[(N[(4.0 * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y * N[(y * -4.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision], -1.0]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := y \cdot \left(y \cdot 4\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-285}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+152}:\\
\;\;\;\;{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, y \cdot y, x \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y \cdot -4, x \cdot x\right)}\right)}^{-1}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (*.f64 (*.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)) y) < 5.00000000000000018e-285Initial program 54.3%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 92.2%
if 5.00000000000000018e-285 < (*.f64 (*.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)) y) < 2.0000000000000001e152Initial program 74.7%
clear-num74.7%
inv-pow74.7%
+-commutative74.7%
*-commutative74.7%
associate-*l*74.7%
fma-define74.7%
pow274.7%
pow274.7%
sub-neg74.7%
+-commutative74.7%
*-commutative74.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in74.7%
fma-define74.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in74.7%
metadata-eval74.7%
pow274.7%
Applied egg-rr74.7%
unpow274.7%
Applied egg-rr74.7%
unpow274.7%
Applied egg-rr74.7%
unpow274.7%
Applied egg-rr74.7%
if 2.0000000000000001e152 < (*.f64 (*.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)) y) Initial program 22.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.3%
Final simplification83.6%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* y (* y 4.0))))
(if (<= t_0 1.15e-284)
1.0
(if (<= t_0 4.1e+166) (/ (- (* x x) t_0) (+ t_0 (* x x))) -1.0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * 4.0);
double tmp;
if (t_0 <= 1.15e-284) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (t_0 <= 4.1e+166) {
tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / (t_0 + (x * x));
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = y * (y * 4.0d0)
if (t_0 <= 1.15d-284) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (t_0 <= 4.1d+166) then
tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / (t_0 + (x * x))
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * 4.0);
double tmp;
if (t_0 <= 1.15e-284) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (t_0 <= 4.1e+166) {
tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / (t_0 + (x * x));
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = y * (y * 4.0) tmp = 0 if t_0 <= 1.15e-284: tmp = 1.0 elif t_0 <= 4.1e+166: tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / (t_0 + (x * x)) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(y * Float64(y * 4.0)) tmp = 0.0 if (t_0 <= 1.15e-284) tmp = 1.0; elseif (t_0 <= 4.1e+166) tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - t_0) / Float64(t_0 + Float64(x * x))); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) t_0 = y * (y * 4.0); tmp = 0.0; if (t_0 <= 1.15e-284) tmp = 1.0; elseif (t_0 <= 4.1e+166) tmp = ((x * x) - t_0) / (t_0 + (x * x)); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(y * N[(y * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 1.15e-284], 1.0, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 4.1e+166], N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$0 + N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := y \cdot \left(y \cdot 4\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq 1.15 \cdot 10^{-284}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{+166}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x \cdot x - t\_0}{t\_0 + x \cdot x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (*.f64 (*.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)) y) < 1.15e-284Initial program 54.3%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 92.2%
if 1.15e-284 < (*.f64 (*.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)) y) < 4.1000000000000003e166Initial program 74.7%
if 4.1000000000000003e166 < (*.f64 (*.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)) y) Initial program 22.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.3%
Final simplification83.6%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y 8e-40) 1.0 -1.0))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= 8e-40) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= 8d-40) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= 8e-40) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= 8e-40: tmp = 1.0 else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= 8e-40) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= 8e-40) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, 8e-40], 1.0, -1.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-40}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < 7.9999999999999994e-40Initial program 54.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 58.5%
if 7.9999999999999994e-40 < y Initial program 37.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return -1.0
function code(x, y) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = -1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 50.4%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 50.3%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* (* y y) 4.0))
(t_1 (+ (* x x) t_0))
(t_2 (/ t_0 t_1))
(t_3 (* (* y 4.0) y)))
(if (< (/ (- (* x x) t_3) (+ (* x x) t_3)) 0.9743233849626781)
(- (/ (* x x) t_1) t_2)
(- (pow (/ x (sqrt t_1)) 2.0) t_2))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = (y * y) * 4.0;
double t_1 = (x * x) + t_0;
double t_2 = t_0 / t_1;
double t_3 = (y * 4.0) * y;
double tmp;
if ((((x * x) - t_3) / ((x * x) + t_3)) < 0.9743233849626781) {
tmp = ((x * x) / t_1) - t_2;
} else {
tmp = pow((x / sqrt(t_1)), 2.0) - t_2;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: t_1
real(8) :: t_2
real(8) :: t_3
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = (y * y) * 4.0d0
t_1 = (x * x) + t_0
t_2 = t_0 / t_1
t_3 = (y * 4.0d0) * y
if ((((x * x) - t_3) / ((x * x) + t_3)) < 0.9743233849626781d0) then
tmp = ((x * x) / t_1) - t_2
else
tmp = ((x / sqrt(t_1)) ** 2.0d0) - t_2
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = (y * y) * 4.0;
double t_1 = (x * x) + t_0;
double t_2 = t_0 / t_1;
double t_3 = (y * 4.0) * y;
double tmp;
if ((((x * x) - t_3) / ((x * x) + t_3)) < 0.9743233849626781) {
tmp = ((x * x) / t_1) - t_2;
} else {
tmp = Math.pow((x / Math.sqrt(t_1)), 2.0) - t_2;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = (y * y) * 4.0 t_1 = (x * x) + t_0 t_2 = t_0 / t_1 t_3 = (y * 4.0) * y tmp = 0 if (((x * x) - t_3) / ((x * x) + t_3)) < 0.9743233849626781: tmp = ((x * x) / t_1) - t_2 else: tmp = math.pow((x / math.sqrt(t_1)), 2.0) - t_2 return tmp
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(Float64(y * y) * 4.0) t_1 = Float64(Float64(x * x) + t_0) t_2 = Float64(t_0 / t_1) t_3 = Float64(Float64(y * 4.0) * y) tmp = 0.0 if (Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - t_3) / Float64(Float64(x * x) + t_3)) < 0.9743233849626781) tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) / t_1) - t_2); else tmp = Float64((Float64(x / sqrt(t_1)) ^ 2.0) - t_2); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) t_0 = (y * y) * 4.0; t_1 = (x * x) + t_0; t_2 = t_0 / t_1; t_3 = (y * 4.0) * y; tmp = 0.0; if ((((x * x) - t_3) / ((x * x) + t_3)) < 0.9743233849626781) tmp = ((x * x) / t_1) - t_2; else tmp = ((x / sqrt(t_1)) ^ 2.0) - t_2; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(t$95$0 / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(y * 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$3), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.9743233849626781], N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[N[(x / N[Sqrt[t$95$1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot 4\\
t_1 := x \cdot x + t\_0\\
t_2 := \frac{t\_0}{t\_1}\\
t_3 := \left(y \cdot 4\right) \cdot y\\
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{x \cdot x - t\_3}{x \cdot x + t\_3} < 0.9743233849626781:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x \cdot x}{t\_1} - t\_2\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;{\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{t\_1}}\right)}^{2} - t\_2\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024139
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Diagrams.TwoD.Arc:arcBetween from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3"
:precision binary64
:alt
(! :herbie-platform default (if (< (/ (- (* x x) (* (* y 4) y)) (+ (* x x) (* (* y 4) y))) 9743233849626781/10000000000000000) (- (/ (* x x) (+ (* x x) (* (* y y) 4))) (/ (* (* y y) 4) (+ (* x x) (* (* y y) 4)))) (- (pow (/ x (sqrt (+ (* x x) (* (* y y) 4)))) 2) (/ (* (* y y) 4) (+ (* x x) (* (* y y) 4))))))
(/ (- (* x x) (* (* y 4.0) y)) (+ (* x x) (* (* y 4.0) y))))