
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- x (sin x)) (tan x)))
double code(double x) {
return (x - sin(x)) / tan(x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x - Math.sin(x)) / Math.tan(x);
}
def code(x): return (x - math.sin(x)) / math.tan(x)
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x - sin(x)) / tan(x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x - N[Sin[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Tan[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - \sin x}{\tan x}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 4 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- x (sin x)) (tan x)))
double code(double x) {
return (x - sin(x)) / tan(x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x - Math.sin(x)) / Math.tan(x);
}
def code(x): return (x - math.sin(x)) / math.tan(x)
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x - sin(x)) / tan(x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x - N[Sin[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Tan[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - \sin x}{\tan x}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (* x (+ (* (pow x 2.0) -0.06388888888888888) 0.16666666666666666))))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * ((pow(x, 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888) + 0.16666666666666666));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x * (((x ** 2.0d0) * (-0.06388888888888888d0)) + 0.16666666666666666d0))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x * ((Math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888) + 0.16666666666666666));
}
def code(x): return x * (x * ((math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888) + 0.16666666666666666))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(Float64((x ^ 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888) + 0.16666666666666666))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x * (((x ^ 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888) + 0.16666666666666666)); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * N[(N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision] + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot -0.06388888888888888 + 0.16666666666666666\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
Simplified99.0%
add-sqr-sqrt98.8%
pow298.8%
sqrt-prod98.9%
sqrt-pow198.9%
metadata-eval98.9%
pow198.9%
+-commutative98.9%
fma-define98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
unpow298.9%
*-commutative98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
swap-sqr99.0%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
associate-*r*99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
fma-undefine99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (* x (fma (* x x) -0.06388888888888888 0.16666666666666666))))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * fma((x * x), -0.06388888888888888, 0.16666666666666666));
}
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * fma(Float64(x * x), -0.06388888888888888, 0.16666666666666666))) end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * -0.06388888888888888 + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot x, -0.06388888888888888, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
Simplified99.0%
add-sqr-sqrt98.8%
pow298.8%
sqrt-prod98.9%
sqrt-pow198.9%
metadata-eval98.9%
pow198.9%
+-commutative98.9%
fma-define98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
unpow298.9%
*-commutative98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
swap-sqr99.0%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
associate-*r*99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
unpow299.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (* x 0.16666666666666666)))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * 0.16666666666666666);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x * 0.16666666666666666d0)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x * 0.16666666666666666);
}
def code(x): return x * (x * 0.16666666666666666)
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * 0.16666666666666666)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x * 0.16666666666666666); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.16666666666666666\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
Simplified99.0%
add-sqr-sqrt98.8%
pow298.8%
sqrt-prod98.9%
sqrt-pow198.9%
metadata-eval98.9%
pow198.9%
+-commutative98.9%
fma-define98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
unpow298.9%
*-commutative98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
swap-sqr99.0%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
associate-*r*99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 1.0)
double code(double x) {
return 1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 1.0;
}
def code(x): return 1.0
function code(x) return 1.0 end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 1.0; end
code[x_] := 1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
1
\end{array}
Initial program 54.1%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 4.2%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 4.2%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 0.16666666666666666 (* x x)))
double code(double x) {
return 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 0.16666666666666666d0 * (x * x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x);
}
def code(x): return 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x)
function code(x) return Float64(0.16666666666666666 * Float64(x * x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x); end
code[x_] := N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024139
(FPCore (x)
:name "ENA, Section 1.4, Exercise 4a"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (<= -1.0 x) (<= x 1.0))
:alt
(! :herbie-platform default (* 1/6 (* x x)))
(/ (- x (sin x)) (tan x)))