UniformSampleCone 2

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 99.0%
Time: 20.1s
Alternatives: 22
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-10000 \leq xi \land xi \leq 10000\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq yi \land yi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq zi \land zi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq ux \land ux \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq uy \land uy \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq maxCos \land maxCos \leq 1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 22 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.0% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0, xi \cdot t\_1, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin t\_0, yi \cdot t\_1, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))
        (t_1
         (sqrt
          (+
           1.0
           (* (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)) (* (* ux maxCos) (+ ux -1.0)))))))
   (fma
    (cos t_0)
    (* xi t_1)
    (fma (sin t_0) (* yi t_1) (* (- 1.0 ux) (* zi (* ux maxCos)))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos)) * ((ux * maxCos) * (ux + -1.0f)))));
	return fmaf(cosf(t_0), (xi * t_1), fmaf(sinf(t_0), (yi * t_1), ((1.0f - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxCos)))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos)) * Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))))
	return fma(cos(t_0), Float32(xi * t_1), fma(sin(t_0), Float32(yi * t_1), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(zi * Float32(ux * maxCos)))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0, xi \cdot t\_1, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin t\_0, yi \cdot t\_1, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.7%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    2. associate-*l*98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
    3. fma-define98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.7% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)
  (* ux zi)
  (*
   (sqrt
    (+ 1.0 (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* (* ux ux) (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
   (+
    (* (cos (* uy (* 2.0 PI))) xi)
    (* yi (sin (* uy (expm1 (log1p (* 2.0 PI))))))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf(((1.0f - ux) * maxCos), (ux * zi), (sqrtf((1.0f + (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * ((ux * ux) * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))))) * ((cosf((uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * xi) + (yi * sinf((uy * expm1f(log1pf((2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))))))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos), Float32(ux * zi), Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))) * Float32(Float32(cos(Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * xi) + Float32(yi * sin(Float32(uy * expm1(log1p(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))))))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.7%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Simplified98.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u98.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    2. expm1-undefine98.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} - 1\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.8%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} - 1\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-define98.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  7. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  8. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.9% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\\ t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_2 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1 \cdot t\_2, xi, \sin t\_1 \cdot \left(yi \cdot t\_2\right)\right) + zi \cdot t\_0 \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))
        (t_1 (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))
        (t_2 (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* (* ux maxCos) (+ ux -1.0)))))))
   (+ (fma (* (cos t_1) t_2) xi (* (sin t_1) (* yi t_2))) (* zi t_0))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = (1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos);
	float t_1 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_2 = sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * ((ux * maxCos) * (ux + -1.0f)))));
	return fmaf((cosf(t_1) * t_2), xi, (sinf(t_1) * (yi * t_2))) + (zi * t_0);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))
	t_1 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
	t_2 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))))
	return Float32(fma(Float32(cos(t_1) * t_2), xi, Float32(sin(t_1) * Float32(yi * t_2))) + Float32(zi * t_0))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_2 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1 \cdot t\_2, xi, \sin t\_1 \cdot \left(yi \cdot t\_2\right)\right) + zi \cdot t\_0
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.7%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Simplified98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Final simplification98.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\\ t_2 := \pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\\ \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) + yi \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \sin t\_2\right)\right) + zi \cdot t\_0 \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
            (t_1 (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
            (t_2 (* PI (* uy 2.0))))
       (+ (+ (* xi (* (cos t_2) t_1)) (* yi (* t_1 (sin t_2)))) (* zi t_0))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
    	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))));
    	float t_2 = ((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f);
    	return ((xi * (cosf(t_2) * t_1)) + (yi * (t_1 * sinf(t_2)))) + (zi * t_0);
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos))
    	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))
    	t_2 = Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)))
    	return Float32(Float32(Float32(xi * Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1)) + Float32(yi * Float32(t_1 * sin(t_2)))) + Float32(zi * t_0))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos);
    	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)))))));
    	t_2 = single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0));
    	tmp = ((xi * (cos(t_2) * t_1)) + (yi * (t_1 * sin(t_2)))) + (zi * t_0);
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
    t_1 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\\
    t_2 := \pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\\
    \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) + yi \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \sin t\_2\right)\right) + zi \cdot t\_0
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.7%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Final simplification98.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 98.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \frac{\sin t\_0}{xi}\right) + \frac{\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}{xi}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
       (*
        xi
        (+
         (*
          (sqrt (- 1.0 (pow (* maxCos (* ux (- 1.0 ux))) 2.0)))
          (+ (cos t_0) (* yi (/ (sin t_0) xi))))
         (/ (* (- 1.0 ux) (* zi (* ux maxCos))) xi)))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
    	return xi * ((sqrtf((1.0f - powf((maxCos * (ux * (1.0f - ux))), 2.0f))) * (cosf(t_0) + (yi * (sinf(t_0) / xi)))) + (((1.0f - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxCos))) / xi));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
    	return Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - (Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))) ^ Float32(2.0)))) * Float32(cos(t_0) + Float32(yi * Float32(sin(t_0) / xi)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(zi * Float32(ux * maxCos))) / xi)))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = uy * (single(2.0) * single(pi));
    	tmp = xi * ((sqrt((single(1.0) - ((maxCos * (ux * (single(1.0) - ux))) ^ single(2.0)))) * (cos(t_0) + (yi * (sin(t_0) / xi)))) + (((single(1.0) - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxCos))) / xi));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
    xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \frac{\sin t\_0}{xi}\right) + \frac{\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}{xi}\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.7%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in xi around inf 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}{xi}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Simplified98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi}\right) + \frac{\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}{xi}\right)} \]
    7. Final simplification98.7%

      \[\leadsto xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi}\right) + \frac{\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}{xi}\right) \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 98.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \frac{\sin t\_0}{xi}\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
       (+
        (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))
        (*
         xi
         (*
          (sqrt (- 1.0 (pow (* maxCos (* ux (- 1.0 ux))) 2.0)))
          (+ (cos t_0) (* yi (/ (sin t_0) xi))))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
    	return (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi * (sqrtf((1.0f - powf((maxCos * (ux * (1.0f - ux))), 2.0f))) * (cosf(t_0) + (yi * (sinf(t_0) / xi)))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
    	return Float32(Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))) + Float32(xi * Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - (Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))) ^ Float32(2.0)))) * Float32(cos(t_0) + Float32(yi * Float32(sin(t_0) / xi))))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = uy * (single(2.0) * single(pi));
    	tmp = (zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi * (sqrt((single(1.0) - ((maxCos * (ux * (single(1.0) - ux))) ^ single(2.0)))) * (cos(t_0) + (yi * (sin(t_0) / xi)))));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
    zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \frac{\sin t\_0}{xi}\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.7%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in xi around inf 98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. distribute-rgt-out98.7%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi}\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
      5. Simplified98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi}\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
      6. Final simplification98.7%

        \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + xi \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{xi}\right)\right) \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 7: 98.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\ zi \cdot t\_0 + \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
       :precision binary32
       (let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos))))
         (+
          (* zi t_0)
          (+
           (*
            xi
            (*
             (cos (* PI (* uy 2.0)))
             (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0))))))))
           (* (sin (* uy (* 2.0 PI))) yi)))))
      float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
      	float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
      	return (zi * t_0) + ((xi * (cosf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f))) * sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f)))))))) + (sinf((uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * yi));
      }
      
      function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
      	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos))
      	return Float32(Float32(zi * t_0) + Float32(Float32(xi * Float32(cos(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)))) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))))))) + Float32(sin(Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * yi)))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
      	t_0 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos);
      	tmp = (zi * t_0) + ((xi * (cos((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0)))) * sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0))))))))) + (sin((uy * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * yi));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
      zi \cdot t\_0 + \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.7%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*98.7%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. *-commutative98.7%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        3. associate-*r*98.7%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      5. Simplified98.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      6. Final simplification98.7%

        \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 8: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos t\_0, \sin t\_0 \cdot yi\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos - ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
       :precision binary32
       (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
         (+
          (fma xi (cos t_0) (* (sin t_0) yi))
          (* zi (* ux (- maxCos (* ux maxCos)))))))
      float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
      	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
      	return fmaf(xi, cosf(t_0), (sinf(t_0) * yi)) + (zi * (ux * (maxCos - (ux * maxCos))));
      }
      
      function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
      	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
      	return Float32(fma(xi, cos(t_0), Float32(sin(t_0) * yi)) + Float32(zi * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos - Float32(ux * maxCos)))))
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
      \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos t\_0, \sin t\_0 \cdot yi\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos - ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.7%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. fma-define98.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          2. associate-*r*98.5%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          3. *-commutative98.5%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          4. associate-*r*98.5%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          5. associate-*r*98.5%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          6. *-commutative98.5%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          7. associate-*r*98.5%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
        5. Simplified98.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
        6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos + -1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot zi \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. mul-1-neg98.6%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos + \color{blue}{\left(-maxCos \cdot ux\right)}\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          2. unsub-neg98.6%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(maxCos - maxCos \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot zi \]
        8. Simplified98.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos - maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot zi \]
        9. Final simplification98.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos - ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 9: 98.7% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
           (+
            (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))
            (+ (* xi (cos t_0)) (* yi (sin t_0))))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
        	return (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + ((xi * cosf(t_0)) + (yi * sinf(t_0)));
        }
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
        	return Float32(Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))) + Float32(Float32(xi * cos(t_0)) + Float32(yi * sin(t_0))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
        	tmp = (zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + ((xi * cos(t_0)) + (yi * sin(t_0)));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
        zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right)
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.7%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Simplified98.7%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
          4. Final simplification98.5%

            \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
          5. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 10: 98.7% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
           :precision binary32
           (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
             (+
              (+ (* xi (cos t_0)) (* yi (sin t_0)))
              (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))))))
          float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
          	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
          	return ((xi * cosf(t_0)) + (yi * sinf(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi)));
          }
          
          function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
          	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
          	return Float32(Float32(Float32(xi * cos(t_0)) + Float32(yi * sin(t_0))) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))))
          end
          
          function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
          	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
          	tmp = ((xi * cos(t_0)) + (yi * sin(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi)));
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
          \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 98.7%

            \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-+l+98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
            2. associate-*l*98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
            3. fma-define98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          3. Simplified98.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
          4. Add Preprocessing
          5. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 98.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
          6. Final simplification98.5%

            \[\leadsto \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \]
          7. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 11: 95.7% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
           :precision binary32
           (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
             (+ (+ (* xi (cos t_0)) (* yi (sin t_0))) (* maxCos (* ux zi)))))
          float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
          	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
          	return ((xi * cosf(t_0)) + (yi * sinf(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * zi));
          }
          
          function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
          	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
          	return Float32(Float32(Float32(xi * cos(t_0)) + Float32(yi * sin(t_0))) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)))
          end
          
          function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
          	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
          	tmp = ((xi * cos(t_0)) + (yi * sin(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * zi));
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
          \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 98.7%

            \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-+l+98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
            2. associate-*l*98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
            3. fma-define98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          3. Simplified98.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
          4. Add Preprocessing
          5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 96.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
          6. Final simplification96.6%

            \[\leadsto \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]
          7. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 12: 96.1% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.0008500000112690032:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
           :precision binary32
           (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
             (if (<= uy 0.0008500000112690032)
               (+
                (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))
                (+ xi (* uy (+ (* -2.0 (* uy (* xi (pow PI 2.0)))) (* 2.0 (* PI yi))))))
               (+ (* xi (cos t_0)) (* yi (sin t_0))))))
          float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
          	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
          	float tmp;
          	if (uy <= 0.0008500000112690032f) {
          		tmp = (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi + (uy * ((-2.0f * (uy * (xi * powf(((float) M_PI), 2.0f)))) + (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)))));
          	} else {
          		tmp = (xi * cosf(t_0)) + (yi * sinf(t_0));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
          	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
          	tmp = Float32(0.0)
          	if (uy <= Float32(0.0008500000112690032))
          		tmp = Float32(Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))) + Float32(xi + Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(xi * (Float32(pi) ^ Float32(2.0))))) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))));
          	else
          		tmp = Float32(Float32(xi * cos(t_0)) + Float32(yi * sin(t_0)));
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
          	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
          	tmp = single(0.0);
          	if (uy <= single(0.0008500000112690032))
          		tmp = (zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi + (uy * ((single(-2.0) * (uy * (xi * (single(pi) ^ single(2.0))))) + (single(2.0) * (single(pi) * yi)))));
          	else
          		tmp = (xi * cos(t_0)) + (yi * sin(t_0));
          	end
          	tmp_2 = tmp;
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
          \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.0008500000112690032:\\
          \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if uy < 8.50000011e-4

            1. Initial program 99.1%

              \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
            2. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Simplified99.1%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.8%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. fma-define98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                2. associate-*r*98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                3. *-commutative98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                4. associate-*r*98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                5. associate-*r*98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                6. *-commutative98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                7. associate-*r*98.8%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
              5. Simplified98.8%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
              6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 98.4%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

              if 8.50000011e-4 < uy

              1. Initial program 98.0%

                \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
              2. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Simplified98.0%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 97.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. fma-define98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  2. associate-*r*98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  3. *-commutative98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  4. associate-*r*98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  5. associate-*r*98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  6. *-commutative98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  7. associate-*r*98.0%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                5. Simplified98.0%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                6. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. expm1-log1p-u90.9%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  2. expm1-undefine40.1%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)} - 1\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                7. Applied egg-rr40.1%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)} - 1\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                8. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. expm1-define90.9%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  2. fma-define90.8%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  3. +-commutative90.8%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  4. fma-define90.9%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                9. Simplified90.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                10. Taylor expanded in ux around -inf 97.6%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{ux}^{2} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) + -1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) + -1 \cdot \frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{ux}}{ux}\right)} \]
                11. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 92.2%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
              3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              4. Final simplification96.3%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.0008500000112690032:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 13: 88.6% accurate, 3.5× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.02800000086426735:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
               :precision binary32
               (let* ((t_0 (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))))
                 (if (<= uy 0.02800000086426735)
                   (+
                    t_0
                    (+ xi (* uy (+ (* -2.0 (* uy (* xi (pow PI 2.0)))) (* 2.0 (* PI yi))))))
                   (+ t_0 (* xi (cos (* PI (* uy 2.0))))))))
              float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
              	float t_0 = zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos));
              	float tmp;
              	if (uy <= 0.02800000086426735f) {
              		tmp = t_0 + (xi + (uy * ((-2.0f * (uy * (xi * powf(((float) M_PI), 2.0f)))) + (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)))));
              	} else {
              		tmp = t_0 + (xi * cosf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f))));
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
              	t_0 = Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos)))
              	tmp = Float32(0.0)
              	if (uy <= Float32(0.02800000086426735))
              		tmp = Float32(t_0 + Float32(xi + Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(xi * (Float32(pi) ^ Float32(2.0))))) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))));
              	else
              		tmp = Float32(t_0 + Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0))))));
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
              	t_0 = zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos));
              	tmp = single(0.0);
              	if (uy <= single(0.02800000086426735))
              		tmp = t_0 + (xi + (uy * ((single(-2.0) * (uy * (xi * (single(pi) ^ single(2.0))))) + (single(2.0) * (single(pi) * yi)))));
              	else
              		tmp = t_0 + (xi * cos((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0)))));
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              t_0 := zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\
              \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.02800000086426735:\\
              \;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if uy < 0.0280000009

                1. Initial program 99.1%

                  \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Simplified99.1%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.8%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. fma-define98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    2. associate-*r*98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    3. *-commutative98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    4. associate-*r*98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    5. associate-*r*98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    6. *-commutative98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    7. associate-*r*98.9%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  5. Simplified98.9%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 95.4%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

                  if 0.0280000009 < uy

                  1. Initial program 96.8%

                    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                  2. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Simplified96.8%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 96.8%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. fma-define96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      2. associate-*r*96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      3. *-commutative96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      4. associate-*r*96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      5. associate-*r*96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      6. *-commutative96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      7. associate-*r*96.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    5. Simplified96.8%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in xi around inf 63.5%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. associate-*r*63.5%

                        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                    8. Simplified63.5%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                  4. Final simplification89.9%

                    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.02800000086426735:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                  5. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 14: 85.2% accurate, 3.8× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.024000000208616257:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                   :precision binary32
                   (let* ((t_0 (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))))
                     (if (<= uy 0.024000000208616257)
                       (+ t_0 (+ xi (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))
                       (+ t_0 (* xi (cos (* PI (* uy 2.0))))))))
                  float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                  	float t_0 = zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos));
                  	float tmp;
                  	if (uy <= 0.024000000208616257f) {
                  		tmp = t_0 + (xi + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = t_0 + (xi * cosf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f))));
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                  	t_0 = Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos)))
                  	tmp = Float32(0.0)
                  	if (uy <= Float32(0.024000000208616257))
                  		tmp = Float32(t_0 + Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))));
                  	else
                  		tmp = Float32(t_0 + Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0))))));
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                  	t_0 = zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos));
                  	tmp = single(0.0);
                  	if (uy <= single(0.024000000208616257))
                  		tmp = t_0 + (xi + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi))));
                  	else
                  		tmp = t_0 + (xi * cos((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0)))));
                  	end
                  	tmp_2 = tmp;
                  end
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  t_0 := zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\
                  \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.024000000208616257:\\
                  \;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 2 regimes
                  2. if uy < 0.0240000002

                    1. Initial program 99.1%

                      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Simplified99.1%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.8%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. fma-define98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        2. associate-*r*98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        3. *-commutative98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        4. associate-*r*98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        5. associate-*r*98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        6. *-commutative98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        7. associate-*r*98.9%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      5. Simplified98.9%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 91.4%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. +-commutative91.4%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      8. Simplified91.4%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

                      if 0.0240000002 < uy

                      1. Initial program 97.0%

                        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Simplified97.0%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 97.0%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. fma-define97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          2. associate-*r*97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          3. *-commutative97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          4. associate-*r*97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          5. associate-*r*97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          6. *-commutative97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          7. associate-*r*97.0%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        5. Simplified97.0%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in xi around inf 62.7%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. associate-*r*62.7%

                            \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                        8. Simplified62.7%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                      3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                      4. Final simplification86.1%

                        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.024000000208616257:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                      5. Add Preprocessing

                      Alternative 15: 84.4% accurate, 3.8× speedup?

                      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.024000000208616257:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                      (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                       :precision binary32
                       (if (<= uy 0.024000000208616257)
                         (+ (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos))) (+ xi (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))
                         (+ (* xi (cos (* PI (* uy 2.0)))) (* zi (* ux (* ux maxCos))))))
                      float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                      	float tmp;
                      	if (uy <= 0.024000000208616257f) {
                      		tmp = (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
                      	} else {
                      		tmp = (xi * cosf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f)))) + (zi * (ux * (ux * maxCos)));
                      	}
                      	return tmp;
                      }
                      
                      function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                      	tmp = Float32(0.0)
                      	if (uy <= Float32(0.024000000208616257))
                      		tmp = Float32(Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))) + Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))));
                      	else
                      		tmp = Float32(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0))))) + Float32(zi * Float32(ux * Float32(ux * maxCos))));
                      	end
                      	return tmp
                      end
                      
                      function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                      	tmp = single(0.0);
                      	if (uy <= single(0.024000000208616257))
                      		tmp = (zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi))));
                      	else
                      		tmp = (xi * cos((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0))))) + (zi * (ux * (ux * maxCos)));
                      	end
                      	tmp_2 = tmp;
                      end
                      
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      
                      \\
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.024000000208616257:\\
                      \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\
                      
                      \mathbf{else}:\\
                      \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\
                      
                      
                      \end{array}
                      \end{array}
                      
                      Derivation
                      1. Split input into 2 regimes
                      2. if uy < 0.0240000002

                        1. Initial program 99.1%

                          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                        2. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Simplified99.1%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.8%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. fma-define98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            2. associate-*r*98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            3. *-commutative98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            4. associate-*r*98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            5. associate-*r*98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            6. *-commutative98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            7. associate-*r*98.9%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          5. Simplified98.9%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 91.4%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. +-commutative91.4%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                          8. Simplified91.4%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

                          if 0.0240000002 < uy

                          1. Initial program 97.0%

                            \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Simplified97.0%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 97.0%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. fma-define97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              2. associate-*r*97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              3. *-commutative97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              4. associate-*r*97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              5. associate-*r*97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              6. *-commutative97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              7. associate-*r*97.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            5. Simplified97.0%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            6. Taylor expanded in ux around inf 90.0%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. neg-mul-190.0%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            8. Simplified90.0%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            9. Taylor expanded in xi around inf 57.9%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \left(\left(-ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            10. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. associate-*r*62.7%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            11. Simplified57.9%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \left(\left(-ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            12. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-ux} \cdot \sqrt{-ux}\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              2. sqrt-unprod58.6%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-ux\right) \cdot \left(-ux\right)}} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              3. sqr-neg58.6%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{ux \cdot ux}} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              4. sqrt-prod58.6%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{ux} \cdot \sqrt{ux}\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              5. add-sqr-sqrt58.6%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \left(\color{blue}{ux} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              6. pow158.6%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \color{blue}{{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}^{1}} \cdot zi \]
                            13. Applied egg-rr58.6%

                              \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \color{blue}{{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}^{1}} \cdot zi \]
                            14. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. unpow158.6%

                                \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot zi \]
                            15. Simplified58.6%

                              \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot zi \]
                          3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                          4. Final simplification85.4%

                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.024000000208616257:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                          5. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 16: 82.1% accurate, 24.3× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                           :precision binary32
                           (+ (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos))) (+ xi (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi))))))
                          float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                          	return (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
                          }
                          
                          function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                          	return Float32(Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))) + Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))))
                          end
                          
                          function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                          	tmp = (zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos))) + (xi + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi))));
                          end
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          
                          \\
                          zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Initial program 98.7%

                            \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Simplified98.7%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. fma-define98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              2. associate-*r*98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              3. *-commutative98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              4. associate-*r*98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              5. associate-*r*98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              6. *-commutative98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              7. associate-*r*98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            5. Simplified98.5%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 80.5%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. +-commutative80.5%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            8. Simplified80.5%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                            9. Final simplification80.5%

                              \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) + \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \]
                            10. Add Preprocessing

                            Alternative 17: 82.1% accurate, 24.3× speedup?

                            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi + \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
                            (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                             :precision binary32
                             (+ xi (+ (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))) (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi))))))
                            float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                            	return xi + ((maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi))) + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
                            }
                            
                            function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                            	return Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))))
                            end
                            
                            function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                            	tmp = xi + ((maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi))));
                            end
                            
                            \begin{array}{l}
                            
                            \\
                            xi + \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)
                            \end{array}
                            
                            Derivation
                            1. Initial program 98.7%

                              \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                            2. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Simplified98.7%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. fma-define98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                2. associate-*r*98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                3. *-commutative98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                4. associate-*r*98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                5. associate-*r*98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                6. *-commutative98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                7. associate-*r*98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              5. Simplified98.5%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              6. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. expm1-log1p-u92.1%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                2. expm1-undefine37.6%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)} - 1\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              7. Applied egg-rr37.6%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)} - 1\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              8. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. expm1-define92.1%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                2. fma-define92.1%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                3. +-commutative92.1%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                4. fma-define92.1%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              9. Simplified92.1%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                              10. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 80.4%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                              11. Final simplification80.4%

                                \[\leadsto xi + \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \]
                              12. Add Preprocessing

                              Alternative 18: 74.5% accurate, 27.1× speedup?

                              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) - zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \]
                              (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                               :precision binary32
                               (- (+ xi (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))) (* zi (* ux (* ux maxCos)))))
                              float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                              	return (xi + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)))) - (zi * (ux * (ux * maxCos)));
                              }
                              
                              function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                              	return Float32(Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))) - Float32(zi * Float32(ux * Float32(ux * maxCos))))
                              end
                              
                              function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                              	tmp = (xi + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)))) - (zi * (ux * (ux * maxCos)));
                              end
                              
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              
                              \\
                              \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) - zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
                              \end{array}
                              
                              Derivation
                              1. Initial program 98.7%

                                \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                              2. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Simplified98.7%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. fma-define98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  2. associate-*r*98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  3. *-commutative98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  4. associate-*r*98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  5. associate-*r*98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  6. *-commutative98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  7. associate-*r*98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                5. Simplified98.5%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                6. Taylor expanded in ux around inf 91.0%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                7. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. neg-mul-191.0%

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                8. Simplified91.0%

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                9. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 73.9%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(-ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                10. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. +-commutative80.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                11. Simplified73.9%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(-ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                12. Final simplification73.9%

                                  \[\leadsto \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) - zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
                                13. Add Preprocessing

                                Alternative 19: 51.5% accurate, 41.9× speedup?

                                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \]
                                (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                                 :precision binary32
                                 (+ xi (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)))))
                                float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                                	return xi + (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos)));
                                }
                                
                                real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
                                    code = xi + (zi * ((1.0e0 - ux) * (ux * maxcos)))
                                end function
                                
                                function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                	return Float32(xi + Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))))
                                end
                                
                                function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                	tmp = xi + (zi * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * maxCos)));
                                end
                                
                                \begin{array}{l}
                                
                                \\
                                xi + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
                                \end{array}
                                
                                Derivation
                                1. Initial program 98.7%

                                  \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                                2. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Simplified98.7%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. fma-define98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    2. associate-*r*98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    3. *-commutative98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    4. associate-*r*98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    5. associate-*r*98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    6. *-commutative98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    7. associate-*r*98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  5. Simplified98.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 52.1%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  7. Final simplification52.1%

                                    \[\leadsto xi + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
                                  8. Add Preprocessing

                                  Alternative 20: 45.4% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

                                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi - zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \]
                                  (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                                   :precision binary32
                                   (- xi (* zi (* ux (* ux maxCos)))))
                                  float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                                  	return xi - (zi * (ux * (ux * maxCos)));
                                  }
                                  
                                  real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
                                      real(4), intent (in) :: xi
                                      real(4), intent (in) :: yi
                                      real(4), intent (in) :: zi
                                      real(4), intent (in) :: ux
                                      real(4), intent (in) :: uy
                                      real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
                                      code = xi - (zi * (ux * (ux * maxcos)))
                                  end function
                                  
                                  function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                  	return Float32(xi - Float32(zi * Float32(ux * Float32(ux * maxCos))))
                                  end
                                  
                                  function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                  	tmp = xi - (zi * (ux * (ux * maxCos)));
                                  end
                                  
                                  \begin{array}{l}
                                  
                                  \\
                                  xi - zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
                                  \end{array}
                                  
                                  Derivation
                                  1. Initial program 98.7%

                                    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                                  2. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Simplified98.7%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
                                    2. Add Preprocessing
                                    3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. fma-define98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                      2. associate-*r*98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                      3. *-commutative98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                      4. associate-*r*98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                      5. associate-*r*98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                      6. *-commutative98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                      7. associate-*r*98.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    5. Simplified98.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    6. Taylor expanded in ux around inf 91.0%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. neg-mul-191.0%

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    8. Simplified91.0%

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    9. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 46.8%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi} + \left(\left(-ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    10. Final simplification46.8%

                                      \[\leadsto xi - zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
                                    11. Add Preprocessing

                                    Alternative 21: 13.3% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

                                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
                                    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                                     :precision binary32
                                     (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))))
                                    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                                    	return maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi));
                                    }
                                    
                                    real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: xi
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: yi
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: zi
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: ux
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: uy
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
                                        code = maxcos * (ux * ((1.0e0 - ux) * zi))
                                    end function
                                    
                                    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                    	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi)))
                                    end
                                    
                                    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                    	tmp = maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi));
                                    end
                                    
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    
                                    \\
                                    maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)
                                    \end{array}
                                    
                                    Derivation
                                    1. Initial program 98.7%

                                      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. associate-+l+98.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
                                      2. associate-*l*98.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
                                      3. fma-define98.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
                                    3. Simplified98.8%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                                    4. Add Preprocessing
                                    5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 12.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
                                    6. Final simplification12.5%

                                      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \]
                                    7. Add Preprocessing

                                    Alternative 22: 11.9% accurate, 92.2× speedup?

                                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \]
                                    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* maxCos (* ux zi)))
                                    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
                                    	return maxCos * (ux * zi);
                                    }
                                    
                                    real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: xi
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: yi
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: zi
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: ux
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: uy
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
                                        code = maxcos * (ux * zi)
                                    end function
                                    
                                    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                    	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi))
                                    end
                                    
                                    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
                                    	tmp = maxCos * (ux * zi);
                                    end
                                    
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    
                                    \\
                                    maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)
                                    \end{array}
                                    
                                    Derivation
                                    1. Initial program 98.7%

                                      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
                                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. associate-+l+98.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
                                      2. associate-*l*98.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
                                      3. fma-define98.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
                                    3. Simplified98.8%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                                    4. Add Preprocessing
                                    5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 12.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
                                    6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 11.6%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
                                    7. Add Preprocessing

                                    Reproduce

                                    ?
                                    herbie shell --seed 2024139 
                                    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
                                      :name "UniformSampleCone 2"
                                      :precision binary32
                                      :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
                                      (+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))