
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(* u (- (/ 1.0 (* u t_0)) (/ 1.0 t_0)))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + (u * ((1.0f / (u * t_0)) - (1.0f / t_0))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(u * t_0)) - Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + (u * ((single(1.0) / (u * t_0)) - (single(1.0) / t_0))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot t\_0} - \frac{1}{t\_0}\right)} + -1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 98.8%
*-commutative98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + (1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + (single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 98.7%
Final simplification98.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (/ (+ 1.0 (- (exp (/ PI (- s))) u)) u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f + (expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)) - u)) / u));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))) - u)) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) + (exp((single(pi) / -s)) - u)) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1 + \left(e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}} - u\right)}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 98.7%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 97.7%
associate--l+97.7%
mul-1-neg97.7%
distribute-frac-neg297.7%
Simplified97.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 97.8%
neg-mul-197.8%
unsub-neg97.8%
associate-*r/97.8%
mul-1-neg97.8%
Simplified97.8%
Final simplification97.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (/ (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))) u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s))) / u));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s)))) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s))) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 98.7%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 97.7%
associate--l+97.7%
mul-1-neg97.7%
distribute-frac-neg297.7%
Simplified97.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 77.6%
associate-*r/77.6%
mul-1-neg77.6%
Simplified77.6%
Final simplification77.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 u)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / u)));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = -s * log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / u)))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 98.7%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 97.7%
associate--l+97.7%
mul-1-neg97.7%
distribute-frac-neg297.7%
Simplified97.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.0%
sub-neg37.0%
associate-*r/37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
Simplified37.0%
Final simplification37.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log1p (/ PI s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.5%
associate-*r*25.5%
neg-mul-125.5%
log1p-define25.5%
Simplified25.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (/ (pow s 2.0) (- PI)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return powf(s, 2.0f) / -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32((s ^ Float32(2.0)) / Float32(-Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = (s ^ single(2.0)) / -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{{s}^{2}}{-\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.5%
associate-*r*25.5%
neg-mul-125.5%
log1p-define25.5%
Simplified25.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.6%
+-commutative25.6%
mul-1-neg25.6%
unsub-neg25.6%
Simplified25.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.6%
mul-1-neg12.6%
distribute-neg-frac212.6%
Simplified12.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (/ s (- PI))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (s / -((float) M_PI));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(s / Float32(-Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (s / -single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \frac{s}{-\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.5%
associate-*r*25.5%
neg-mul-125.5%
log1p-define25.5%
Simplified25.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.6%
+-commutative25.6%
mul-1-neg25.6%
unsub-neg25.6%
Simplified25.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.6%
Final simplification12.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.4%
neg-mul-111.4%
Simplified11.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 PI)
float code(float u, float s) {
return (float) M_PI;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(pi) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.4%
associate-*r/11.4%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod7.9%
sqr-neg7.9%
sqrt-unprod4.6%
add-sqr-sqrt4.6%
Applied egg-rr4.6%
associate-*r/4.6%
Simplified4.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 4.6%
herbie shell --seed 2024139
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))