
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(-
(*
a
(-
(*
a
(* (pow c 4.0) (- (/ (* a -5.0) (pow b 7.0)) (/ 2.0 (* c (pow b 5.0))))))
(/ (pow c 2.0) (pow b 3.0))))
(/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * ((a * (pow(c, 4.0) * (((a * -5.0) / pow(b, 7.0)) - (2.0 / (c * pow(b, 5.0)))))) - (pow(c, 2.0) / pow(b, 3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (a * ((a * ((c ** 4.0d0) * (((a * (-5.0d0)) / (b ** 7.0d0)) - (2.0d0 / (c * (b ** 5.0d0)))))) - ((c ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0)))) - (c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * ((a * (Math.pow(c, 4.0) * (((a * -5.0) / Math.pow(b, 7.0)) - (2.0 / (c * Math.pow(b, 5.0)))))) - (Math.pow(c, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (a * ((a * (math.pow(c, 4.0) * (((a * -5.0) / math.pow(b, 7.0)) - (2.0 / (c * math.pow(b, 5.0)))))) - (math.pow(c, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 3.0)))) - (c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(a * Float64((c ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * -5.0) / (b ^ 7.0)) - Float64(2.0 / Float64(c * (b ^ 5.0)))))) - Float64((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)))) - Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (a * ((a * ((c ^ 4.0) * (((a * -5.0) / (b ^ 7.0)) - (2.0 / (c * (b ^ 5.0)))))) - ((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)))) - (c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(a * N[(N[(a * N[(N[Power[c, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(a * -5.0), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 / N[(c * N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
a \cdot \left(a \cdot \left({c}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot -5}{{b}^{7}} - \frac{2}{c \cdot {b}^{5}}\right)\right) - \frac{{c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}}\right) - \frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 30.7%
*-commutative30.7%
Simplified30.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.3%
+-commutative96.3%
mul-1-neg96.3%
unsub-neg96.3%
Simplified96.3%
Taylor expanded in c around inf 96.3%
associate-*r/96.3%
associate-*r/96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
*-commutative96.3%
Simplified96.3%
Final simplification96.3%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (- (* a (* (pow c 2.0) (+ (/ (* (* a c) -2.0) (pow b 5.0)) (/ -1.0 (pow b 3.0))))) (/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * (pow(c, 2.0) * ((((a * c) * -2.0) / pow(b, 5.0)) + (-1.0 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (a * ((c ** 2.0d0) * ((((a * c) * (-2.0d0)) / (b ** 5.0d0)) + ((-1.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0))))) - (c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * (Math.pow(c, 2.0) * ((((a * c) * -2.0) / Math.pow(b, 5.0)) + (-1.0 / Math.pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (a * (math.pow(c, 2.0) * ((((a * c) * -2.0) / math.pow(b, 5.0)) + (-1.0 / math.pow(b, 3.0))))) - (c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(a * Float64((c ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(a * c) * -2.0) / (b ^ 5.0)) + Float64(-1.0 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (a * ((c ^ 2.0) * ((((a * c) * -2.0) / (b ^ 5.0)) + (-1.0 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - (c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(a * N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
a \cdot \left({c}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -2}{{b}^{5}} + \frac{-1}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 30.7%
*-commutative30.7%
Simplified30.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.3%
+-commutative96.3%
mul-1-neg96.3%
unsub-neg96.3%
Simplified96.3%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 94.6%
associate-*r/94.6%
*-commutative94.6%
*-commutative94.6%
Simplified94.6%
Final simplification94.6%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (- (/ a b) (/ b c))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 1.0d0 / ((a / b) - (b / c))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c));
}
def code(a, b, c): return 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(a / b) - Float64(b / c))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(a / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{a}{b} - \frac{b}{c}}
\end{array}
Initial program 30.7%
*-commutative30.7%
Simplified30.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 91.3%
mul-1-neg91.3%
unsub-neg91.3%
mul-1-neg91.3%
Simplified91.3%
clear-num91.0%
inv-pow91.0%
pow291.0%
associate-/l*91.0%
pow291.0%
Applied egg-rr91.0%
unpow-191.0%
unpow291.0%
unpow291.0%
times-frac91.0%
sqr-neg91.0%
unpow291.0%
distribute-neg-frac291.0%
Simplified91.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 91.4%
+-commutative91.4%
mul-1-neg91.4%
unsub-neg91.4%
Simplified91.4%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ c (- b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c / -b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c / -b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c / -b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return c / -b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c / Float64(-b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c / -b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c / (-b)), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{c}{-b}
\end{array}
Initial program 30.7%
*-commutative30.7%
Simplified30.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 81.8%
associate-*r/81.8%
mul-1-neg81.8%
Simplified81.8%
Final simplification81.8%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0;
}
def code(a, b, c): return 0.0
function code(a, b, c) return 0.0 end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0
\end{array}
Initial program 30.7%
*-commutative30.7%
Simplified30.7%
neg-sub030.7%
flip--30.7%
metadata-eval30.7%
pow230.7%
add-sqr-sqrt30.8%
sqrt-prod30.7%
sqr-neg30.7%
sqrt-unprod0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt1.6%
sub-neg1.6%
neg-sub01.6%
add-sqr-sqrt0.0%
sqrt-unprod30.7%
sqr-neg30.7%
sqrt-prod30.8%
add-sqr-sqrt30.7%
Applied egg-rr30.7%
neg-sub030.7%
Simplified30.7%
clear-num30.8%
inv-pow30.8%
Applied egg-rr30.8%
unpow-130.8%
distribute-frac-neg230.8%
Simplified30.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 3.2%
associate-*r/3.2%
distribute-rgt1-in3.2%
metadata-eval3.2%
mul0-lft3.2%
metadata-eval3.2%
Simplified3.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 3.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024137
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Quadratic roots, medium range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a) (< a 9007199254740992.0)) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b) (< b 9007199254740992.0))) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c) (< c 9007199254740992.0)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))