
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (x - y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (x - y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{x - y}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (x - y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (x - y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{x - y}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (x - y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (x - y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{x - y}
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -1.35e-21) (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ y x))) (if (<= x 2.6e+63) (+ (* -2.0 (/ x y)) -1.0) (/ x (- x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.35e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
} else if (x <= 2.6e+63) {
tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-1.35d-21)) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (y / x))
else if (x <= 2.6d+63) then
tmp = ((-2.0d0) * (x / y)) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = x / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.35e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
} else if (x <= 2.6e+63) {
tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -1.35e-21: tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x)) elif x <= 2.6e+63: tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0 else: tmp = x / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -1.35e-21) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y / x))); elseif (x <= 2.6e+63) tmp = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(x / y)) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -1.35e-21) tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x)); elseif (x <= 2.6e+63) tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0; else tmp = x / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.35e-21], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 2.6e+63], N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(x / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+63}:\\
\;\;\;\;-2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.3500000000000001e-21Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 85.9%
if -1.3500000000000001e-21 < x < 2.6000000000000001e63Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.2%
if 2.6000000000000001e63 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 90.7%
Final simplification85.4%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= x -1e-21) (not (<= x 9e+62))) (+ 1.0 (/ y x)) -1.0))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -1e-21) || !(x <= 9e+62)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-1d-21)) .or. (.not. (x <= 9d+62))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (y / x)
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -1e-21) || !(x <= 9e+62)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -1e-21) or not (x <= 9e+62): tmp = 1.0 + (y / x) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -1e-21) || !(x <= 9e+62)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(y / x)); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -1e-21) || ~((x <= 9e+62))) tmp = 1.0 + (y / x); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1e-21], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 9e+62]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-21} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 9 \cdot 10^{+62}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -9.99999999999999908e-22 or 8.99999999999999997e62 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 87.6%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 87.6%
if -9.99999999999999908e-22 < x < 8.99999999999999997e62Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.1%
Final simplification84.6%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -1.25e-21) (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ y x))) (if (<= x 5.5e+69) (/ y (- x y)) (/ x (- x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.25e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
} else if (x <= 5.5e+69) {
tmp = y / (x - y);
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-1.25d-21)) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (y / x))
else if (x <= 5.5d+69) then
tmp = y / (x - y)
else
tmp = x / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.25e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
} else if (x <= 5.5e+69) {
tmp = y / (x - y);
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -1.25e-21: tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x)) elif x <= 5.5e+69: tmp = y / (x - y) else: tmp = x / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -1.25e-21) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y / x))); elseif (x <= 5.5e+69) tmp = Float64(y / Float64(x - y)); else tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -1.25e-21) tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x)); elseif (x <= 5.5e+69) tmp = y / (x - y); else tmp = x / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.25e-21], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 5.5e+69], N[(y / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 5.5 \cdot 10^{+69}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{x - y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.24999999999999993e-21Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 85.9%
if -1.24999999999999993e-21 < x < 5.50000000000000002e69Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.2%
if 5.50000000000000002e69 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 92.3%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -1.35e-21) (+ 1.0 (/ y x)) (if (<= x 5.1e+74) (/ y (- x y)) (/ x (- x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.35e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else if (x <= 5.1e+74) {
tmp = y / (x - y);
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-1.35d-21)) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (y / x)
else if (x <= 5.1d+74) then
tmp = y / (x - y)
else
tmp = x / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.35e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else if (x <= 5.1e+74) {
tmp = y / (x - y);
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -1.35e-21: tmp = 1.0 + (y / x) elif x <= 5.1e+74: tmp = y / (x - y) else: tmp = x / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -1.35e-21) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(y / x)); elseif (x <= 5.1e+74) tmp = Float64(y / Float64(x - y)); else tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -1.35e-21) tmp = 1.0 + (y / x); elseif (x <= 5.1e+74) tmp = y / (x - y); else tmp = x / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.35e-21], N[(1.0 + N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 5.1e+74], N[(y / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+74}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{x - y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.3500000000000001e-21Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 85.1%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 85.3%
if -1.3500000000000001e-21 < x < 5.1000000000000004e74Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.2%
if 5.1000000000000004e74 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 92.3%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -1.35e-21) (+ 1.0 (/ y x)) (if (<= x 6.8e+62) -1.0 (/ x (- x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.35e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else if (x <= 6.8e+62) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-1.35d-21)) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (y / x)
else if (x <= 6.8d+62) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else
tmp = x / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.35e-21) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else if (x <= 6.8e+62) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = x / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -1.35e-21: tmp = 1.0 + (y / x) elif x <= 6.8e+62: tmp = -1.0 else: tmp = x / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -1.35e-21) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(y / x)); elseif (x <= 6.8e+62) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -1.35e-21) tmp = 1.0 + (y / x); elseif (x <= 6.8e+62) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = x / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.35e-21], N[(1.0 + N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 6.8e+62], -1.0, N[(x / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.3500000000000001e-21Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 85.1%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 85.3%
if -1.3500000000000001e-21 < x < 6.80000000000000028e62Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.1%
if 6.80000000000000028e62 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 90.7%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -1.4e-21) 1.0 (if (<= x 1e+63) -1.0 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.4e-21) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= 1e+63) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-1.4d-21)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (x <= 1d+63) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1.4e-21) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= 1e+63) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -1.4e-21: tmp = 1.0 elif x <= 1e+63: tmp = -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -1.4e-21) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= 1e+63) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -1.4e-21) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= 1e+63) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.4e-21], 1.0, If[LessEqual[x, 1e+63], -1.0, 1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.4 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 10^{+63}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.40000000000000002e-21 or 1.00000000000000006e63 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 87.2%
if -1.40000000000000002e-21 < x < 1.00000000000000006e63Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.1%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return -1.0
function code(x, y) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = -1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 50.5%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = 1.0d0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
}
def code(x, y): return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)))
function code(x, y) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(x / Float64(x + y)) - Float64(y / Float64(x + y)))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{x}{x + y} - \frac{y}{x + y}}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024137
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Linear.Projection:perspective from linear-1.19.1.3, A"
:precision binary64
:alt
(! :herbie-platform default (/ 1 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y)))))
(/ (+ x y) (- x y)))