Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.5%
Time: 13.3s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\left(0 \leq s \land s \leq 256\right) \land \left(10^{-6} < r \land r < 1000000\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r))
  (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r))
  (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{e}^{\left(\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}\right)}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  0.125
  (/
   (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (pow E (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))
   (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.125f * (((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (powf(((float) M_E), ((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r)) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32((Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ ((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)) / (s * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{e}^{\left(\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}\right)}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}\right)\right)}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    2. expm1-undefine99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}\right)} - 1}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    3. mul-1-neg99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}\right)} - 1}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{-\frac{r}{s}}\right)} - 1}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. log1p-undefine99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + e^{-\frac{r}{s}}\right)}} - 1}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    2. rem-exp-log99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{-\frac{r}{s}}\right)} - 1}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-+r-99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1 + \left(e^{-\frac{r}{s}} - 1\right)}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    4. expm1-undefine99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1 + \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    5. rem-exp-log99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\log \left(1 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(-\frac{r}{s}\right)\right)}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    6. log1p-define99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\frac{r}{s}\right)\right)}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    7. log1p-expm199.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac299.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  8. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    2. exp-prod99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    3. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right)}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr99.5%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right)}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-1-e99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right)}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    2. associate-*l/99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}\right)}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  12. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{{e}^{\left(\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}\right)}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  0.125
  (/
   (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r))
   (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.125f * (((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r)) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r)) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r)) / (s * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}\right)\right)}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    2. expm1-undefine99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}\right)} - 1}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    3. mul-1-neg99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}\right)} - 1}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{-\frac{r}{s}}\right)} - 1}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. log1p-undefine99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + e^{-\frac{r}{s}}\right)}} - 1}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    2. rem-exp-log99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{-\frac{r}{s}}\right)} - 1}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-+r-99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1 + \left(e^{-\frac{r}{s}} - 1\right)}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    4. expm1-undefine99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1 + \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    5. rem-exp-log99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\log \left(1 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(-\frac{r}{s}\right)\right)}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    6. log1p-define99.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\frac{r}{s}\right)\right)}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    7. log1p-expm199.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac299.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  8. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  0.125
  (/
   (+ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) (exp (/ r (- s))))
   (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.125f * ((expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) + expf((r / -s))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) + exp((r / -s))) / (r * (s * single(pi))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-exp-log99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}\right)}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg99.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot e^{\log \left(\frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}\right)} \]
    3. associate-*r/99.3%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot e^{\log \left(\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot r}{s}}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}\right)} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.3%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}\right)}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  8. Final simplification99.5%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 15.4% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (+
   (/ (/ (/ 0.125 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) PI) r)
   (* 0.125 (/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) (* r PI))))
  s))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((((0.125f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / ((float) M_PI)) / r) + (0.125f * (expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / (r * ((float) M_PI))))) / s;
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(pi)) / r) + Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))))) / s)
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((((single(0.125) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / single(pi)) / r) + (single(0.125) * (exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / (r * single(pi))))) / s;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}} \]
    2. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.75}{\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}} + \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    3. fma-define99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.75}{\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.75}{\color{blue}{6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    5. associate-/r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.75}{6}}{\pi \cdot s}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.125}}{\pi \cdot s}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    7. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{\color{blue}{s \cdot \pi}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    8. neg-mul-199.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot r}}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    9. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    11. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}}\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    2. mul-1-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \pi} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot r}} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    2. associate-/r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{\pi}}{r}} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    3. neg-mul-199.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    4. neg-mul-199.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    5. rec-exp99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    6. associate-*r/99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot 1}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
    7. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.125}}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
  9. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{\pi}}{r}} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in r around 0 12.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{\color{blue}{1 + \frac{r}{s}}}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
  11. Final simplification12.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{\pi}}{r} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 9.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} + \frac{\frac{r}{{s}^{2}}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445\right) + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (+
   (+ (/ 0.25 (* r PI)) (* (/ (/ r (pow s 2.0)) PI) 0.06944444444444445))
   (/ -0.16666666666666666 (* s PI)))
  s))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) + (((r / powf(s, 2.0f)) / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.06944444444444445f)) + (-0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(r / (s ^ Float32(2.0))) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.06944444444444445))) + Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / s)
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) + (((r / (s ^ single(2.0))) / single(pi)) * single(0.06944444444444445))) + (single(-0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi)))) / s;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} + \frac{\frac{r}{{s}^{2}}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445\right) + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}} \]
    2. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.75}{\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}} + \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    3. fma-define99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.75}{\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.75}{\color{blue}{6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    5. associate-/r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.75}{6}}{\pi \cdot s}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.125}}{\pi \cdot s}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    7. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{\color{blue}{s \cdot \pi}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    8. neg-mul-199.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot r}}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    9. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
    11. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}}\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.006944444444444444 \cdot \frac{r}{{s}^{2} \cdot \pi} + \left(0.0625 \cdot \frac{r}{{s}^{2} \cdot \pi} + 0.25 \cdot \frac{1}{r \cdot \pi}\right)\right) - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Simplified8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} + \frac{\frac{r}{{s}^{2}}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445\right) + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 9.4% accurate, 8.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.125 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right) + \frac{1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (s r)
     :precision binary32
     (*
      0.125
      (/
       (+
        (+ (/ (- -1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.5)) s) (/ 1.0 r))
        (/ (+ 1.0 (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r))
       (* s PI))))
    float code(float s, float r) {
    	return 0.125f * (((((-1.0f - ((r / s) * -0.5f)) / s) + (1.0f / r)) + ((1.0f + (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r)) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
    }
    
    function code(s, r)
    	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.5))) / s) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r)) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(s, r)
    	tmp = single(0.125) * (((((single(-1.0) - ((r / s) * single(-0.5))) / s) + (single(1.0) / r)) + ((single(1.0) + (single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r)) / (s * single(pi)));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    0.125 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right) + \frac{1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    2. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in s around -inf 8.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1 + -0.5 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right)} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1 + -0.5 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right) + \frac{\color{blue}{1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative8.1%

        \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1 + -0.5 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right) + \frac{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    8. Simplified8.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1 + -0.5 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right) + \frac{\color{blue}{1 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    9. Final simplification8.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right) + \frac{1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 9.7% accurate, 11.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi} - 0.06944444444444445 \cdot \frac{\frac{r}{s}}{\pi}}{s}}{s} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (s r)
     :precision binary32
     (/
      (-
       (/ 0.25 (* r PI))
       (/ (- (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI) (* 0.06944444444444445 (/ (/ r s) PI))) s))
      s))
    float code(float s, float r) {
    	return ((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) - (((0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI)) - (0.06944444444444445f * ((r / s) / ((float) M_PI)))) / s)) / s;
    }
    
    function code(s, r)
    	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi)) - Float32(Float32(0.06944444444444445) * Float32(Float32(r / s) / Float32(pi)))) / s)) / s)
    end
    
    function tmp = code(s, r)
    	tmp = ((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) - (((single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi)) - (single(0.06944444444444445) * ((r / s) / single(pi)))) / s)) / s;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi} - 0.06944444444444445 \cdot \frac{\frac{r}{s}}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}} \]
      2. times-frac99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.75}{\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}} + \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
      3. fma-define99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.75}{\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right)} \]
      4. associate-*l*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.75}{\color{blue}{6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.75}{6}}{\pi \cdot s}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      6. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.125}}{\pi \cdot s}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      7. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{\color{blue}{s \cdot \pi}}, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      8. neg-mul-199.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot r}}{3 \cdot s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      9. times-frac99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      10. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}\right) \]
      11. times-frac99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}}\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in s around -inf 8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\left(0.006944444444444444 \cdot \frac{r}{s \cdot \pi} + 0.0625 \cdot \frac{r}{s \cdot \pi}\right) - 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}}{s} - 0.25 \cdot \frac{1}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg8.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\left(0.006944444444444444 \cdot \frac{r}{s \cdot \pi} + 0.0625 \cdot \frac{r}{s \cdot \pi}\right) - 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}}{s} - 0.25 \cdot \frac{1}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
    8. Simplified8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{\left(-\frac{\frac{\frac{r}{s}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445 - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}\right) - \frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}} \]
    9. Final simplification8.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi} - 0.06944444444444445 \cdot \frac{\frac{r}{s}}{\pi}}{s}}{s} \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 8: 8.7% accurate, 33.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
    float code(float s, float r) {
    	return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
    }
    
    function code(s, r)
    	return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(s, r)
    	tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi)));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    2. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Reproduce

    ?
    herbie shell --seed 2024136 
    (FPCore (s r)
      :name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
      :precision binary32
      :pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
      (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))