
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 10 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ (exp (/ (- PI) s)) 1.0))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ (exp (/ PI s)) 1.0))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)) + 1.0f)) + ((1.0f - u) / (expf((((float) M_PI) / s)) + 1.0f)))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)) + Float32(1.0))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) + Float32(1.0))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (exp((-single(pi) / s)) + single(1.0))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (exp((single(pi) / s)) + single(1.0))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}} + 1} + \frac{1 - u}{e^{\frac{\pi}{s}} + 1}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Final simplification99.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (/ (* PI (* u 2.0)) (+ (/ PI s) 1.0)) (* s (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((((float) M_PI) * (u * 2.0f)) / ((((float) M_PI) / s) + 1.0f)) - (s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(u * Float32(2.0))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) + Float32(1.0))) - Float32(s * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot 2\right)}{\frac{\pi}{s} + 1} - s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 25.8%
+-commutative25.8%
fma-define25.8%
associate--r+25.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv25.8%
distribute-rgt-out--25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
metadata-eval25.8%
metadata-eval25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
Simplified25.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.9%
+-commutative25.9%
mul-1-neg25.9%
unsub-neg25.9%
associate-*r/25.9%
associate-*r*25.9%
+-commutative25.9%
log1p-define25.9%
Simplified25.9%
Final simplification25.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log1p (/ PI s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 25.8%
+-commutative25.8%
fma-define25.8%
associate--r+25.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv25.8%
distribute-rgt-out--25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
metadata-eval25.8%
metadata-eval25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
Simplified25.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.9%
associate-*r*25.9%
neg-mul-125.9%
log1p-define25.9%
Simplified25.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* 4.0 (/ (- (+ (* PI -0.25) (* (* u PI) 0.25)) (* -0.25 (* u PI))) s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (4.0f * ((((((float) M_PI) * -0.25f) + ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * 0.25f)) - (-0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI)))) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.25))) - Float32(Float32(-0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi)))) / s))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (single(4.0) * ((((single(pi) * single(-0.25)) + ((u * single(pi)) * single(0.25))) - (single(-0.25) * (u * single(pi)))) / s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(4 \cdot \frac{\left(\pi \cdot -0.25 + \left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.25\right) - -0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right)}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (- (* (* u PI) 0.25) (+ (* -0.25 (* u PI)) (* PI 0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * (((u * ((float) M_PI)) * 0.25f) - ((-0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) + (((float) M_PI) * 0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.25)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(0.25))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * (((u * single(pi)) * single(0.25)) - ((single(-0.25) * (u * single(pi))) + (single(pi) * single(0.25)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.25 - \left(-0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* -4.0 (/ (* PI (+ -0.25 (* u 0.5))) (- s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * (-0.25f + (u * 0.5f))) / -s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5)))) / Float32(-s)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * (single(-0.25) + (u * single(0.5)))) / -s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \left(-0.25 + u \cdot 0.5\right)}{-s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 25.8%
+-commutative25.8%
fma-define25.8%
associate--r+25.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv25.8%
distribute-rgt-out--25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
metadata-eval25.8%
metadata-eval25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
Simplified25.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.2%
associate-*r*11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
distribute-rgt-out11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.2%
associate--r+11.2%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.2%
metadata-eval11.2%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.2%
associate-*r*11.2%
distribute-rgt-out11.2%
metadata-eval11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
associate-*l*11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.2%
neg-mul-111.2%
+-commutative11.2%
associate-*r*11.2%
neg-mul-111.2%
distribute-rgt-out11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (/ (* s (- PI)) s))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (s * -((float) M_PI)) / s;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(pi))) / s) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = (s * -single(pi)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{s \cdot \left(-\pi\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.1%
associate-*r/11.1%
Applied egg-rr11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (/ (- PI) s)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-((float) M_PI) / s);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (-single(pi) / s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \frac{-\pi}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.1%
neg-mul-111.1%
Simplified11.1%
herbie shell --seed 2024119
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))