
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 13 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* r (pow (sqrt (* s (* PI 2.0))) 2.0))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* PI (* 6.0 (* r s))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((r / -s))) / (r * powf(sqrtf((s * (((float) M_PI) * 2.0f))), 2.0f))) + ((0.75f * expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (((float) M_PI) * (6.0f * (r * s))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * (sqrt(Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0)))) ^ Float32(2.0)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(r * s))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((r / -s))) / (r * (sqrt((s * (single(pi) * single(2.0)))) ^ single(2.0)))) + ((single(0.75) * exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / (single(pi) * (single(6.0) * (r * s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot {\left(\sqrt{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right)}\right)}^{2}} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
add-sqr-sqrt99.7%
pow299.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* r (* s (* PI 2.0)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* PI (expm1 (log1p (* r (* s 6.0))))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((r / -s))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 2.0f)))) + ((0.75f * expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (((float) M_PI) * expm1f(log1pf((r * (s * 6.0f))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * expm1(log1p(Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(6.0)))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot 6\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
expm1-log1p-u99.7%
expm1-undefine21.5%
*-commutative21.5%
*-commutative21.5%
associate-*l*21.5%
Applied egg-rr21.5%
expm1-define99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* PI 2.0))) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (* r (* 6.0 (* s PI)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * 2.0f))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / (r * (6.0f * (s * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(pi) * single(2.0)))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / (r * (single(6.0) * (s * single(pi)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
*-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* r (* s (* PI 2.0)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* 6.0 (* s (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((r / -s))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 2.0f)))) + ((0.75f * expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (6.0f * (s * (r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((r / -s))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(2.0))))) + ((single(0.75) * exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / (single(6.0) * (s * (r * single(pi))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* r (* s PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f((r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
log1p-expm1-u10.5%
Applied egg-rr10.5%
Final simplification10.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
*-commutative8.3%
associate-*r*8.3%
Simplified8.3%
log1p-expm1-u41.7%
Applied egg-rr41.7%
Final simplification41.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (/ 0.125 (exp (/ r s))) (* s PI))) r))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) + ((0.125f / expf((r / s))) / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / r;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / r) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) + ((single(0.125) / exp((r / s))) / (s * single(pi)))) / r; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{s \cdot \pi}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
div-inv8.7%
Applied egg-rr8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 8.7%
+-commutative8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
mul-1-neg8.7%
rec-exp8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI) (/ (/ 0.125 (exp (/ r s))) (* s PI))) r))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)) + ((0.125f / expf((r / s))) / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / r;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / r) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi)) + ((single(0.125) / exp((r / s))) / (s * single(pi)))) / r; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{s \cdot \pi}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
+-commutative8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
mul-1-neg8.7%
rec-exp8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (/ 0.125 (exp (/ r s))) PI) (/ 0.125 PI)) (* r s)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.125f / expf((r / s))) / ((float) M_PI)) + (0.125f / ((float) M_PI))) / (r * s);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi))) / Float32(r * s)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.125) / exp((r / s))) / single(pi)) + (single(0.125) / single(pi))) / (r * s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{\pi} + \frac{0.125}{\pi}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
mul-1-neg8.7%
rec-exp8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (/ (/ 0.125 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) PI) r) (/ (/ 0.125 PI) r)) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((((0.125f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / ((float) M_PI)) / r) + ((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / r)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(pi)) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / r)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((((single(0.125) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / single(pi)) / r) + ((single(0.125) / single(pi)) / r)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{\pi}}{r} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{r}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
div-inv8.7%
Applied egg-rr8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
mul-1-neg8.7%
rec-exp8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
associate-/l/8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (/ (/ 0.125 PI) r))) (/ (+ t_0 t_0) s)))
float code(float s, float r) {
float t_0 = (0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / r;
return (t_0 + t_0) / s;
}
function code(s, r) t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / r) return Float32(Float32(t_0 + t_0) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) t_0 = (single(0.125) / single(pi)) / r; tmp = (t_0 + t_0) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{r}\\
\frac{t\_0 + t\_0}{s}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
div-inv8.7%
Applied egg-rr8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
mul-1-neg8.7%
rec-exp8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
associate-*r/8.7%
metadata-eval8.7%
associate-/l/8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 r) (* s PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / r) / (s * ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / r) / (s * single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
associate-/r*8.3%
Simplified8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
herbie shell --seed 2024112
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))