
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(/
1.0
(/
(* a 3.0)
(/
(- (* 0.0 (+ b b)) (* (* a 3.0) c))
(+ b (sqrt (+ (pow b 2.0) (* c (* a -3.0)))))))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((a * 3.0) / (((0.0 * (b + b)) - ((a * 3.0) * c)) / (b + sqrt((pow(b, 2.0) + (c * (a * -3.0)))))));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 1.0d0 / ((a * 3.0d0) / (((0.0d0 * (b + b)) - ((a * 3.0d0) * c)) / (b + sqrt(((b ** 2.0d0) + (c * (a * (-3.0d0))))))))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((a * 3.0) / (((0.0 * (b + b)) - ((a * 3.0) * c)) / (b + Math.sqrt((Math.pow(b, 2.0) + (c * (a * -3.0)))))));
}
def code(a, b, c): return 1.0 / ((a * 3.0) / (((0.0 * (b + b)) - ((a * 3.0) * c)) / (b + math.sqrt((math.pow(b, 2.0) + (c * (a * -3.0)))))))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(a * 3.0) / Float64(Float64(Float64(0.0 * Float64(b + b)) - Float64(Float64(a * 3.0) * c)) / Float64(b + sqrt(Float64((b ^ 2.0) + Float64(c * Float64(a * -3.0)))))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 1.0 / ((a * 3.0) / (((0.0 * (b + b)) - ((a * 3.0) * c)) / (b + sqrt(((b ^ 2.0) + (c * (a * -3.0))))))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(a * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(0.0 * N[(b + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(a * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(c * N[(a * -3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 3}{\frac{0 \cdot \left(b + b\right) - \left(a \cdot 3\right) \cdot c}{b + \sqrt{{b}^{2} + c \cdot \left(a \cdot -3\right)}}}}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
expm1-log1p-u32.5%
expm1-undefine29.4%
Applied egg-rr29.4%
expm1-define32.5%
expm1-log1p-u32.5%
add-cube-cbrt32.5%
pow332.5%
Applied egg-rr32.5%
rem-cube-cbrt32.5%
clear-num32.5%
Applied egg-rr32.5%
fma-undefine32.5%
neg-mul-132.5%
pow232.5%
*-commutative32.5%
*-commutative32.5%
flip-+32.4%
pow232.4%
add-sqr-sqrt33.3%
*-commutative33.3%
*-commutative33.3%
pow233.3%
*-commutative33.3%
*-commutative33.3%
Applied egg-rr33.3%
associate--r-99.2%
neg-mul-199.2%
unpow299.2%
unpow299.2%
difference-of-squares99.2%
+-commutative99.2%
distribute-rgt1-in99.2%
metadata-eval99.2%
mul0-lft99.2%
neg-mul-199.2%
*-commutative99.2%
*-commutative99.2%
cancel-sign-sub-inv99.2%
*-commutative99.2%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%
metadata-eval99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Final simplification99.2%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (+ (* c (* a (- (/ (* -0.5625 (* a c)) (pow b 5.0)) (/ 0.375 (pow b 3.0))))) (* 0.5 (/ -1.0 b)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * (a * (((-0.5625 * (a * c)) / pow(b, 5.0)) - (0.375 / pow(b, 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b)));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((c * (a * ((((-0.5625d0) * (a * c)) / (b ** 5.0d0)) - (0.375d0 / (b ** 3.0d0))))) + (0.5d0 * ((-1.0d0) / b)))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * (a * (((-0.5625 * (a * c)) / Math.pow(b, 5.0)) - (0.375 / Math.pow(b, 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b)));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((c * (a * (((-0.5625 * (a * c)) / math.pow(b, 5.0)) - (0.375 / math.pow(b, 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b)))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(Float64(-0.5625 * Float64(a * c)) / (b ^ 5.0)) - Float64(0.375 / (b ^ 3.0))))) + Float64(0.5 * Float64(-1.0 / b)))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((c * (a * (((-0.5625 * (a * c)) / (b ^ 5.0)) - (0.375 / (b ^ 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(N[(-0.5625 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.375 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.5 * N[(-1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(\frac{-0.5625 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{{b}^{5}} - \frac{0.375}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \frac{-1}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 93.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 93.2%
associate-*r/93.2%
associate-*r/93.2%
metadata-eval93.2%
Simplified93.2%
Final simplification93.2%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (+ (* -0.5 (/ c b)) (* -0.375 (/ (* a (pow c 2.0)) (pow b 3.0)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (-0.375 * ((a * pow(c, 2.0)) / pow(b, 3.0)));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((-0.5d0) * (c / b)) + ((-0.375d0) * ((a * (c ** 2.0d0)) / (b ** 3.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (-0.375 * ((a * Math.pow(c, 2.0)) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)));
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (-0.375 * ((a * math.pow(c, 2.0)) / math.pow(b, 3.0)))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b)) + Float64(-0.375 * Float64(Float64(a * (c ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 3.0)))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (-0.375 * ((a * (c ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 3.0))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(a * N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b} + -0.375 \cdot \frac{a \cdot {c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 90.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (* b (- (/ (* a 1.5) (pow b 2.0)) (/ 2.0 c)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / (b * (((a * 1.5) / pow(b, 2.0)) - (2.0 / c)));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 1.0d0 / (b * (((a * 1.5d0) / (b ** 2.0d0)) - (2.0d0 / c)))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / (b * (((a * 1.5) / Math.pow(b, 2.0)) - (2.0 / c)));
}
def code(a, b, c): return 1.0 / (b * (((a * 1.5) / math.pow(b, 2.0)) - (2.0 / c)))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(b * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * 1.5) / (b ^ 2.0)) - Float64(2.0 / c)))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 1.0 / (b * (((a * 1.5) / (b ^ 2.0)) - (2.0 / c))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(1.0 / N[(b * N[(N[(N[(a * 1.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 / c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot 1.5}{{b}^{2}} - \frac{2}{c}\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
expm1-log1p-u32.5%
expm1-undefine29.4%
Applied egg-rr29.4%
expm1-define32.5%
expm1-log1p-u32.5%
add-cube-cbrt32.5%
pow332.5%
Applied egg-rr32.5%
rem-cube-cbrt32.5%
clear-num32.5%
Applied egg-rr32.5%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 90.1%
associate-*r/90.1%
associate-*r/90.1%
metadata-eval90.1%
Simplified90.1%
Final simplification90.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (- (/ (* (* a c) -0.375) (pow b 3.0)) (/ 0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((((a * c) * -0.375) / pow(b, 3.0)) - (0.5 / b));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((((a * c) * (-0.375d0)) / (b ** 3.0d0)) - (0.5d0 / b))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((((a * c) * -0.375) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)) - (0.5 / b));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((((a * c) * -0.375) / math.pow(b, 3.0)) - (0.5 / b))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(a * c) * -0.375) / (b ^ 3.0)) - Float64(0.5 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((((a * c) * -0.375) / (b ^ 3.0)) - (0.5 / b)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -0.375), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(\frac{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -0.375}{{b}^{3}} - \frac{0.5}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
/-rgt-identity32.5%
metadata-eval32.5%
Simplified32.5%
Taylor expanded in c around inf 32.5%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 89.9%
associate-*r/89.9%
associate-*r/89.9%
metadata-eval89.9%
Simplified89.9%
Final simplification89.9%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (* c -0.5) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (c * -0.5) / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (c * (-0.5d0)) / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (c * -0.5) / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return (c * -0.5) / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(c * -0.5) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (c * -0.5) / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(c * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{c \cdot -0.5}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 80.4%
associate-*r/80.4%
*-commutative80.4%
Simplified80.4%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (/ -0.5 b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (-0.5 / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((-0.5d0) / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (-0.5 / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * (-0.5 / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(-0.5 / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * (-0.5 / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 80.4%
associate-*r/80.4%
*-commutative80.4%
Simplified80.4%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 80.4%
associate-*r/80.4%
*-commutative80.4%
associate-*r/80.2%
Simplified80.2%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0;
}
def code(a, b, c): return 0.0
function code(a, b, c) return 0.0 end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0
\end{array}
Initial program 32.5%
expm1-log1p-u32.5%
expm1-undefine29.4%
Applied egg-rr29.4%
expm1-define32.5%
expm1-log1p-u32.5%
add-cube-cbrt32.5%
pow332.5%
Applied egg-rr32.5%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 3.2%
rem-cube-cbrt3.2%
distribute-rgt1-in3.2%
metadata-eval3.2%
mul0-lft3.2%
metadata-eval3.2%
Simplified3.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 3.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024110
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Cubic critical, medium range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a) (< a 9007199254740992.0)) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b) (< b 9007199254740992.0))) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c) (< c 9007199254740992.0)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))