UniformSampleCone 2

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 99.0%
Time: 28.6s
Alternatives: 16
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-10000 \leq xi \land xi \leq 10000\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq yi \land yi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq zi \land zi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq ux \land ux \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq uy \land uy \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq maxCos \land maxCos \leq 1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 16 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.0% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\\ t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_2 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1, xi \cdot t\_2, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin t\_1, yi \cdot t\_2, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* ux maxCos) (+ ux -1.0)))
        (t_1 (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))
        (t_2 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0)))))
   (fma
    (cos t_1)
    (* xi t_2)
    (fma (sin t_1) (* yi t_2) (* (- 1.0 ux) (* (* ux maxCos) zi))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = (ux * maxCos) * (ux + -1.0f);
	float t_1 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_2 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	return fmaf(cosf(t_1), (xi * t_2), fmaf(sinf(t_1), (yi * t_2), ((1.0f - ux) * ((ux * maxCos) * zi))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))
	t_1 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
	t_2 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	return fma(cos(t_1), Float32(xi * t_2), fma(sin(t_1), Float32(yi * t_2), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * zi))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\\
t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_2 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1, xi \cdot t\_2, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin t\_1, yi \cdot t\_2, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.0%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    2. associate-*l*99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
    3. fma-define99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.1%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.0% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\\ t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_2 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1 \cdot t\_2, xi, \sin t\_1 \cdot \left(yi \cdot t\_2\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* ux maxCos) (+ ux -1.0)))
        (t_1 (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))
        (t_2 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0)))))
   (+
    (fma (* (cos t_1) t_2) xi (* (sin t_1) (* yi t_2)))
    (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = (ux * maxCos) * (ux + -1.0f);
	float t_1 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_2 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	return fmaf((cosf(t_1) * t_2), xi, (sinf(t_1) * (yi * t_2))) + (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos)));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))
	t_1 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
	t_2 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	return Float32(fma(Float32(cos(t_1) * t_2), xi, Float32(sin(t_1) * Float32(yi * t_2))) + Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\\
t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_2 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1 \cdot t\_2, xi, \sin t\_1 \cdot \left(yi \cdot t\_2\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.0%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Final simplification99.1%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)}\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos t\_0 \cdot xi + \sin t\_0 \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
       (fma
        (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)
        (* ux zi)
        (*
         (sqrt
          (+ 1.0 (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* (* ux ux) (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
         (+ (* (cos t_0) xi) (* (sin t_0) yi))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
    	return fmaf(((1.0f - ux) * maxCos), (ux * zi), (sqrtf((1.0f + (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * ((ux * ux) * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))))) * ((cosf(t_0) * xi) + (sinf(t_0) * yi))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
    	return fma(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos), Float32(ux * zi), Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))) * Float32(Float32(cos(t_0) * xi) + Float32(sin(t_0) * yi))))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
    \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos t\_0 \cdot xi + \sin t\_0 \cdot yi\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 98.9% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\\ \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))
       (+
        (+
         (* xi (* (cos (* PI (* uy 2.0))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0)))))
         (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))))
        (* zi (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f));
    	return ((xi * (cosf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f))) * sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0))))) + (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI)))))) + (zi * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos)));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))
    	return Float32(Float32(Float32(xi * Float32(cos(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)))) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0))))) + Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))))) + Float32(zi * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)));
    	tmp = ((xi * (cos((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0)))) * sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0))))) + (yi * sin((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi)))))) + (zi * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\\
    \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    4. Final simplification99.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 98.8% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
       (+
        (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi)))
        (+ (* yi (sin t_0)) (* xi (cos t_0))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
    	return (maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi))) + ((yi * sinf(t_0)) + (xi * cosf(t_0)));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
    	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) + Float32(xi * cos(t_0))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
    	tmp = (maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + ((yi * sin(t_0)) + (xi * cos(t_0)));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
    maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Final simplification98.8%

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 95.8% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := xi \cdot \cos t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.004999999888241291:\\ \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(t\_1 + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))) (t_1 (* xi (cos t_0))))
       (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.004999999888241291)
         (+ (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))) (+ t_1 (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))
         (+ (* yi (sin t_0)) t_1))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
    	float t_1 = xi * cosf(t_0);
    	float tmp;
    	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.004999999888241291f) {
    		tmp = (maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi))) + (t_1 + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
    	} else {
    		tmp = (yi * sinf(t_0)) + t_1;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
    	t_1 = Float32(xi * cos(t_0))
    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
    	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.004999999888241291))
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + Float32(t_1 + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))));
    	else
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) + t_1);
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
    	t_1 = xi * cos(t_0);
    	tmp = single(0.0);
    	if ((uy * single(2.0)) <= single(0.004999999888241291))
    		tmp = (maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + (t_1 + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi))));
    	else
    		tmp = (yi * sin(t_0)) + t_1;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
    t_1 := xi \cdot \cos t\_0\\
    \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.004999999888241291:\\
    \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(t\_1 + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + t\_1\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.00499999989

      1. Initial program 99.4%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 98.4%

        \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutative98.4%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right)\right) \]
      8. Simplified98.4%

        \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)}\right) \]

      if 0.00499999989 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

      1. Initial program 98.1%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+98.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*98.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define98.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified98.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 94.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification97.2%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.004999999888241291:\\ \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 95.8% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
       (+ (+ (* yi (sin t_0)) (* xi (cos t_0))) (* maxCos (* ux zi)))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
    	return ((yi * sinf(t_0)) + (xi * cosf(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * zi));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
    	return Float32(Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) + Float32(xi * cos(t_0))) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
    	tmp = ((yi * sin(t_0)) + (xi * cos(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * zi));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
    \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Final simplification96.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 8: 90.1% accurate, 3.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (+
      (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi)))
      (+ (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))) (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	return (maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi))) + ((xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))) + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + Float32(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = (maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + ((xi * cos((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi))))) + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi))));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 90.5%

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative90.5%

        \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right)\right) \]
    8. Simplified90.5%

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. Final simplification90.5%

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 9: 90.7% accurate, 3.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;xi \leq 3.99999992980668 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\ \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
       (if (<= xi 3.99999992980668e-13)
         (+ (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))) (+ xi (* yi (sin t_0))))
         (+ (* xi (cos t_0)) (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
    	float tmp;
    	if (xi <= 3.99999992980668e-13f) {
    		tmp = (maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi))) + (xi + (yi * sinf(t_0)));
    	} else {
    		tmp = (xi * cosf(t_0)) + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
    	if (xi <= Float32(3.99999992980668e-13))
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + Float32(xi + Float32(yi * sin(t_0))));
    	else
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(xi * cos(t_0)) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
    	tmp = single(0.0);
    	if (xi <= single(3.99999992980668e-13))
    		tmp = (maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi))) + (xi + (yi * sin(t_0)));
    	else
    		tmp = (xi * cos(t_0)) + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
    \mathbf{if}\;xi \leq 3.99999992980668 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\
    \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right)\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if xi < 3.99999993e-13

      1. Initial program 99.0%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. expm1-log1p-u98.8%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
        2. *-commutative98.8%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\pi \cdot uy}\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr98.8%

        \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\pi \cdot uy\right)\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 92.3%

        \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \color{blue}{1} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]

      if 3.99999993e-13 < xi

      1. Initial program 99.0%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 96.8%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutative97.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right)\right) \]
      8. Simplified96.8%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification93.2%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;xi \leq 3.99999992980668 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\ \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) + \left(xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 10: 87.6% accurate, 3.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;xi \leq 3.99999992980668 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos + \left(\frac{xi}{zi} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (if (<= xi 3.99999992980668e-13)
       (* zi (+ (* ux maxCos) (+ (/ xi zi) (* yi (/ (sin (* PI (* uy 2.0))) zi)))))
       (+ (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))) (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float tmp;
    	if (xi <= 3.99999992980668e-13f) {
    		tmp = zi * ((ux * maxCos) + ((xi / zi) + (yi * (sinf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f))) / zi))));
    	} else {
    		tmp = (xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))) + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
    	if (xi <= Float32(3.99999992980668e-13))
    		tmp = Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) + Float32(Float32(xi / zi) + Float32(yi * Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)))) / zi)))));
    	else
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = single(0.0);
    	if (xi <= single(3.99999992980668e-13))
    		tmp = zi * ((ux * maxCos) + ((xi / zi) + (yi * (sin((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0)))) / zi))));
    	else
    		tmp = (xi * cos((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi))))) + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;xi \leq 3.99999992980668 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\
    \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos + \left(\frac{xi}{zi} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if xi < 3.99999993e-13

      1. Initial program 99.0%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in zi around -inf 98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + -1 \cdot \frac{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}}{zi}\right)\right)} \]
      6. Simplified98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(-\left(\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(-\left(1 - ux\right)\right) - \frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)} \]
      7. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 95.7%

        \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) - \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)}\right) \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*95.7%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux} - \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\right) \]
        2. mul-1-neg95.7%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(-maxCos\right)} \cdot ux - \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\right) \]
        3. associate-/l*95.6%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\left(-maxCos\right) \cdot ux - \left(\color{blue}{xi \cdot \frac{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\right) \]
        4. associate-*r*95.6%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\left(-maxCos\right) \cdot ux - \left(xi \cdot \frac{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\right) \]
        5. associate-/l*95.4%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\left(-maxCos\right) \cdot ux - \left(xi \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}{zi} + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}}\right)\right)\right) \]
        6. associate-*r*95.4%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\left(-maxCos\right) \cdot ux - \left(xi \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}{zi} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}}{zi}\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. Simplified95.4%

        \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(\left(-maxCos\right) \cdot ux - \left(xi \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}{zi} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}{zi}\right)\right)}\right) \]
      10. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 89.2%

        \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(-\left(\left(-maxCos\right) \cdot ux - \left(\color{blue}{\frac{xi}{zi}} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\right) \]

      if 3.99999993e-13 < xi

      1. Initial program 99.0%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 96.8%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutative97.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right)\right) \]
      8. Simplified96.8%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification90.8%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;xi \leq 3.99999992980668 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos + \left(\frac{xi}{zi} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 11: 82.3% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (+ (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))) (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	return (xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))) + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	return Float32(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = (xi * cos((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi))))) + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 85.0%

      \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative90.5%

        \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right)\right) \]
    8. Simplified85.0%

      \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 12: 77.1% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.019999999552965164:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.019999999552965164)
       (fma (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi) xi)
       (* yi (sin (* PI (* uy 2.0))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float tmp;
    	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.019999999552965164f) {
    		tmp = fmaf((uy * 2.0f), (((float) M_PI) * yi), xi);
    	} else {
    		tmp = yi * sinf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
    	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.019999999552965164))
    		tmp = fma(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)), Float32(Float32(pi) * yi), xi);
    	else
    		tmp = Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.019999999552965164:\\
    \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right)\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.0199999996

      1. Initial program 99.3%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 93.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. add-log-exp92.0%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
        2. *-commutative92.0%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot uy\right)}\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr92.0%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot uy\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      8. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 88.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. +-commutative88.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi} \]
        2. associate-*r*88.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)} + xi \]
        3. fma-define88.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \pi, xi\right)} \]
        4. *-commutative88.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, \color{blue}{\pi \cdot yi}, xi\right) \]
      10. Simplified88.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right)} \]

      if 0.0199999996 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

      1. Initial program 97.7%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+97.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*97.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define97.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified97.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 92.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. add-log-exp92.5%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
        2. *-commutative92.5%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot uy\right)}\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr92.5%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot uy\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      8. Taylor expanded in xi around 0 51.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*51.8%

          \[\leadsto yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} \]
      10. Simplified51.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification81.1%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.019999999552965164:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 13: 77.1% accurate, 4.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.009999999776482582:\\ \;\;\;\;xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (if (<= uy 0.009999999776482582)
       (+ xi (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi))))
       (* yi (sin (* PI (* uy 2.0))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float tmp;
    	if (uy <= 0.009999999776482582f) {
    		tmp = xi + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
    	} else {
    		tmp = yi * sinf((((float) M_PI) * (uy * 2.0f)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
    	if (uy <= Float32(0.009999999776482582))
    		tmp = Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))));
    	else
    		tmp = Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = single(0.0);
    	if (uy <= single(0.009999999776482582))
    		tmp = xi + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)));
    	else
    		tmp = yi * sin((single(pi) * (uy * single(2.0))));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.009999999776482582:\\
    \;\;\;\;xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if uy < 0.00999999978

      1. Initial program 99.3%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+99.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*99.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 93.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. add-log-exp92.0%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
        2. *-commutative92.0%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot uy\right)}\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr92.0%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot uy\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      8. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 88.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]

      if 0.00999999978 < uy

      1. Initial program 97.7%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+l+97.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        2. associate-*l*97.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        3. fma-define97.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      3. Simplified97.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 92.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. add-log-exp92.5%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
        2. *-commutative92.5%

          \[\leadsto xi \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot uy\right)}\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr92.5%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot uy\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      8. Taylor expanded in xi around 0 51.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*51.8%

          \[\leadsto yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} \]
      10. Simplified51.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification81.0%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.009999999776482582:\\ \;\;\;\;xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;yi \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(uy \cdot 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 14: 80.9% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (+ xi (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	return xi + (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI)))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	return Float32(xi + Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = xi + (yi * sin((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi)))));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 84.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 15: 74.5% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (+ xi (* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	return xi + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	return Float32(xi + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = xi + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp92.1%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
      2. *-commutative92.1%

        \[\leadsto xi \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot uy\right)}\right)}\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr92.1%

      \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot uy\right)\right)}\right)} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
    8. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 77.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    9. Final simplification77.5%

      \[\leadsto xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 16: 45.2% accurate, 461.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 xi)
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	return xi;
    }
    
    real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
        real(4), intent (in) :: xi
        real(4), intent (in) :: yi
        real(4), intent (in) :: zi
        real(4), intent (in) :: ux
        real(4), intent (in) :: uy
        real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
        code = xi
    end function
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	return xi
    end
    
    function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	tmp = xi;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    xi
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
      3. fma-define99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 84.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]
    7. Taylor expanded in xi around inf 47.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi} \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Reproduce

    ?
    herbie shell --seed 2024110 
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
      :name "UniformSampleCone 2"
      :precision binary32
      :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
      (+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))