
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ (- r) (* s 3.0))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((-r / (s * 3.0f))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(s * Float32(3.0)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((-r / (s * single(3.0)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
associate-/l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*l*99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.4%
*-commutative99.4%
associate-*l*99.4%
associate-*r*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
associate-/l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*l*99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.4%
*-commutative99.4%
associate-*l*99.4%
associate-*r*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (/ 1.0 (exp (/ r s))) r) (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (((1.0f / expf((r / s))) / r) + (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (((single(1.0) / exp((r / s))) / r) + (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%
distribute-frac-neg299.4%
exp-neg99.4%
Applied egg-rr99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (/ 0.125 PI) s) (+ (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / s) * ((expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r) + (expf((r / -s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / s) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / single(pi)) / s) * ((exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r) + (exp((r / -s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{s} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%
div-inv99.4%
Applied egg-rr99.4%
associate-*r/99.4%
metadata-eval99.4%
associate-/l/99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%
rem-log-exp99.2%
clear-num99.2%
un-div-inv99.2%
rem-log-exp99.4%
Applied egg-rr99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r) + (expf((r / -s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r) + (exp((r / -s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* (* s PI) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f(((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.1%
log1p-expm1-u14.4%
Applied egg-rr14.4%
Final simplification14.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 r) (/ (+ 1.0 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / r) * ((1.0f + expf((r / -s))) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / r) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / r) * ((single(1.0) + exp((r / -s))) / (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{r} \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 10.7%
associate-*r/10.7%
times-frac10.7%
mul-1-neg10.7%
distribute-neg-frac210.7%
Simplified10.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ 1.0 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((1.0f + expf((r / -s))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((single(1.0) + exp((r / -s))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 10.7%
mul-1-neg10.7%
Simplified10.7%
Final simplification10.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* PI (* s r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (single(pi) * (s * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.1%
log1p-expm1-u14.4%
Applied egg-rr14.4%
log1p-expm1-u10.1%
associate-*r*10.1%
Applied egg-rr10.1%
Final simplification10.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s PI) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / ((s * single(pi)) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.1%
Final simplification10.1%
herbie shell --seed 2024110
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))