Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 15.8s
Alternatives: 18
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 18 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 77.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-42} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -9.5e-42) (not (<= a 3.2e-17)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (- (+ (log y) (log (* z (pow t -0.5)))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -9.5e-42) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(y) + log((z * pow(t, -0.5)))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-9.5d-42)) .or. (.not. (a <= 3.2d-17))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = (log(y) + log((z * (t ** (-0.5d0))))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -9.5e-42) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(y) + Math.log((z * Math.pow(t, -0.5)))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -9.5e-42) or not (a <= 3.2e-17):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(y) + math.log((z * math.pow(t, -0.5)))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -9.5e-42) || !(a <= 3.2e-17))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(y) + log(Float64(z * (t ^ -0.5)))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -9.5e-42) || ~((a <= 3.2e-17)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = (log(y) + log((z * (t ^ -0.5)))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -9.5e-42], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 3.2e-17]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(z * N[Power[t, -0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-42} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -9.49999999999999948e-42 or 3.2000000000000002e-17 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -9.49999999999999948e-42 < a < 3.2000000000000002e-17

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right)} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative60.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp60.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
      2. sum-log54.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. pow-to-exp54.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{-0.5}}\right)\right) - t \]
    10. Applied egg-rr54.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-42} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 80.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.0018:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.0018)
   (+ (log z) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.0018) {
		tmp = log(z) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.0018d0) then
        tmp = log(z) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.0018) {
		tmp = Math.log(z) + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.0018:
		tmp = math.log(z) + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.0018)
		tmp = Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.0018)
		tmp = log(z) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.0018], N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.0018:\\
\;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 0.0018

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 65.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z} + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \]

    if 0.0018 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 69.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (- (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 69.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 73.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\ t_2 := \log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{-169}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.6 \cdot 10^{-242}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log (* y (* z (pow t -0.5)))) t)) (t_2 (- (* (log t) a) t)))
   (if (<= a -5.5e-169)
     t_2
     (if (<= a 1.6e-242)
       t_1
       (if (<= a 4.1e-117)
         (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t))
         (if (<= a 2.35e-17) t_1 t_2))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log((y * (z * pow(t, -0.5)))) - t;
	double t_2 = (log(t) * a) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5.5e-169) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= 1.6e-242) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= 4.1e-117) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	} else if (a <= 2.35e-17) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log((y * (z * (t ** (-0.5d0))))) - t
    t_2 = (log(t) * a) - t
    if (a <= (-5.5d-169)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (a <= 1.6d-242) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (a <= 4.1d-117) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)
    else if (a <= 2.35d-17) then
        tmp = t_1
    else
        tmp = t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log((y * (z * Math.pow(t, -0.5)))) - t;
	double t_2 = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5.5e-169) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= 1.6e-242) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= 4.1e-117) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t);
	} else if (a <= 2.35e-17) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log((y * (z * math.pow(t, -0.5)))) - t
	t_2 = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -5.5e-169:
		tmp = t_2
	elif a <= 1.6e-242:
		tmp = t_1
	elif a <= 4.1e-117:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)
	elif a <= 2.35e-17:
		tmp = t_1
	else:
		tmp = t_2
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(Float64(y * Float64(z * (t ^ -0.5)))) - t)
	t_2 = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -5.5e-169)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= 1.6e-242)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= 4.1e-117)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t));
	elseif (a <= 2.35e-17)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log((y * (z * (t ^ -0.5)))) - t;
	t_2 = (log(t) * a) - t;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -5.5e-169)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= 1.6e-242)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= 4.1e-117)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	elseif (a <= 2.35e-17)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[N[(y * N[(z * N[Power[t, -0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -5.5e-169], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[a, 1.6e-242], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[a, 4.1e-117], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 2.35e-17], t$95$1, t$95$2]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\
t_2 := \log t \cdot a - t\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{-169}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.6 \cdot 10^{-242}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < -5.4999999999999994e-169 or 2.35e-17 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 70.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 93.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative93.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified93.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -5.4999999999999994e-169 < a < 1.59999999999999999e-242 or 4.10000000000000031e-117 < a < 2.35e-17

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 67.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right)} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative67.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified67.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity67.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. associate-+r+67.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)} - t \]
      3. sum-log60.0%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + \log t \cdot -0.5\right) - t \]
      4. add-log-exp50.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5}\right)} - t \]
      5. exp-sum50.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)} - t \]
      6. add-exp-log51.0%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) - t \]
      7. *-commutative51.0%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) - t \]
      8. pow-to-exp51.1%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{-0.5}}\right) - t \]
    10. Applied egg-rr51.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)} - t \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity51.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)} - t \]
      2. *-commutative51.1%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right) - t \]
      3. associate-*l*49.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right)} - t \]
    12. Simplified49.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right)} - t \]

    if 1.59999999999999999e-242 < a < 4.10000000000000031e-117

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 54.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 82.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.05 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -3.05e-167) (not (<= a 1.05e-8)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.05e-167) || !(a <= 1.05e-8)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-3.05d-167)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.05d-8))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.05e-167) || !(a <= 1.05e-8)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -3.05e-167) or not (a <= 1.05e-8):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -3.05e-167) || !(a <= 1.05e-8))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -3.05e-167) || ~((a <= 1.05e-8)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -3.05e-167], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.05e-8]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.05 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.0499999999999999e-167 or 1.04999999999999997e-8 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative94.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -3.0499999999999999e-167 < a < 1.04999999999999997e-8

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. sum-log81.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      3. sub-neg81.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \left(t - \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval81.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \left(t - \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      5. *-commutative81.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \left(t - \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr81.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \left(t - \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.05 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 73.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -3.5e-167) (not (<= a 2.8e-8)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (- (+ (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) (log (* y z))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.5e-167) || !(a <= 2.8e-8)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + log((y * z))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-3.5d-167)) .or. (.not. (a <= 2.8d-8))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = ((log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) + log((y * z))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.5e-167) || !(a <= 2.8e-8)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + Math.log((y * z))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -3.5e-167) or not (a <= 2.8e-8):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = ((math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + math.log((y * z))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -3.5e-167) || !(a <= 2.8e-8))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) + log(Float64(y * z))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -3.5e-167) || ~((a <= 2.8e-8)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + log((y * z))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -3.5e-167], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 2.8e-8]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.4999999999999999e-167 or 2.7999999999999999e-8 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative94.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -3.4999999999999999e-167 < a < 2.7999999999999999e-8

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity62.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. add-log-exp56.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. sum-log41.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot e^{\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
      4. exp-sum41.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log z} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)}\right) - t \]
      5. add-exp-log41.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot \left(\color{blue}{z} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
      6. sub-neg41.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}}\right)\right) - t \]
      7. metadata-eval41.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
      8. pow-to-exp41.5%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Applied egg-rr41.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity41.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. associate-*r*43.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
    9. Simplified43.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative43.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. log-prod54.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
      3. pow-to-exp54.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
      4. add-log-exp54.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
      5. *-commutative54.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)}\right) - t \]
    11. Applied egg-rr54.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification80.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 71.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.4 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.6 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left({t}^{-0.5} \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -4.4e-167) (not (<= a 4.6e-8)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (- (log (* (pow t -0.5) (* y z))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -4.4e-167) || !(a <= 4.6e-8)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((pow(t, -0.5) * (y * z))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-4.4d-167)) .or. (.not. (a <= 4.6d-8))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log(((t ** (-0.5d0)) * (y * z))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -4.4e-167) || !(a <= 4.6e-8)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((Math.pow(t, -0.5) * (y * z))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -4.4e-167) or not (a <= 4.6e-8):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((math.pow(t, -0.5) * (y * z))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -4.4e-167) || !(a <= 4.6e-8))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64((t ^ -0.5) * Float64(y * z))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -4.4e-167) || ~((a <= 4.6e-8)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log(((t ^ -0.5) * (y * z))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -4.4e-167], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 4.6e-8]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(N[Power[t, -0.5], $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.4 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.6 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left({t}^{-0.5} \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -4.3999999999999999e-167 or 4.6000000000000002e-8 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative94.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -4.3999999999999999e-167 < a < 4.6000000000000002e-8

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 62.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right)} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative62.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified62.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+62.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)} - t \]
      2. sum-log54.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + \log t \cdot -0.5\right) - t \]
      3. add-log-exp43.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5}\right)} - t \]
      4. exp-sum43.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)} - t \]
      5. add-exp-log43.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) - t \]
      6. *-commutative43.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) - t \]
      7. pow-to-exp43.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{-0.5}}\right) - t \]
    10. Applied egg-rr43.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification77.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.4 \cdot 10^{-167} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.6 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left({t}^{-0.5} \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 78.5% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.1 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 5.3 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -1.1) (not (<= a 5.3e-8)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.1) || !(a <= 5.3e-8)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-1.1d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 5.3d-8))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.1) || !(a <= 5.3e-8)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.1) or not (a <= 5.3e-8):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.1) || !(a <= 5.3e-8))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.1) || ~((a <= 5.3e-8)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.1], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 5.3e-8]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.1 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 5.3 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.1000000000000001 or 5.2999999999999998e-8 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 75.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -1.1000000000000001 < a < 5.2999999999999998e-8

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 56.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.1 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 5.3 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 66.7% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.82 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y - t\right) + \frac{x}{y}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.82) (not (<= a 3.2e-17)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (+ (- (log y) t) (/ x y))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.82) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(y) - t) + (x / y);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.82d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 3.2d-17))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = (log(y) - t) + (x / y)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.82) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(y) - t) + (x / y);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.82) or not (a <= 3.2e-17):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(y) - t) + (x / y)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.82) || !(a <= 3.2e-17))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(y) - t) + Float64(x / y));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.82) || ~((a <= 3.2e-17)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = (log(y) - t) + (x / y);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.82], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 3.2e-17]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.82 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log y - t\right) + \frac{x}{y}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -0.819999999999999951 or 3.2000000000000002e-17 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -0.819999999999999951 < a < 3.2000000000000002e-17

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}}\right)\right) \]
      4. log-rec99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \left(-\log t\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{-1} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in x around 0 31.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(-1 \cdot t + \frac{x}{y}\right)} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+31.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + -1 \cdot t\right) + \frac{x}{y}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg31.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)}\right) + \frac{x}{y} \]
      3. unsub-neg31.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y - t\right)} + \frac{x}{y} \]
    11. Simplified31.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y - t\right) + \frac{x}{y}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification68.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.82 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y - t\right) + \frac{x}{y}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 77.4% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.88 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.88) (not (<= a 3.2e-17)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (- (log (+ x y)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.88) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.88d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 3.2d-17))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.88) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.88) or not (a <= 3.2e-17):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.88) || !(a <= 3.2e-17))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.88) || ~((a <= 3.2e-17)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.88], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 3.2e-17]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.88 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -0.880000000000000004 or 3.2000000000000002e-17 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -0.880000000000000004 < a < 3.2000000000000002e-17

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}}\right)\right) \]
      4. log-rec99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \left(-\log t\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{-1} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.88 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 70.5% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.048 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.048) (not (<= a 3.2e-17)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (- (log y) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.048) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log(y) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.048d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 3.2d-17))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log(y) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.048) || !(a <= 3.2e-17)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(y) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.048) or not (a <= 3.2e-17):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log(y) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.048) || !(a <= 3.2e-17))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(y) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.048) || ~((a <= 3.2e-17)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log(y) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.048], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 3.2e-17]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.048 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -0.048000000000000001 or 3.2000000000000002e-17 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -0.048000000000000001 < a < 3.2000000000000002e-17

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}}\right)\right) \]
      4. log-rec99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \left(-\log t\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{-1} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in x around 0 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + -1 \cdot t} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg37.9%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg37.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y - t} \]
    11. Simplified37.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y - t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification71.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.048 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-17}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 57.8% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -33000000000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.12 \cdot 10^{+36}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -33000000000.0) (not (<= a 1.12e+36)))
   (* (log t) a)
   (- (log y) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -33000000000.0) || !(a <= 1.12e+36)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = log(y) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-33000000000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.12d+36))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = log(y) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -33000000000.0) || !(a <= 1.12e+36)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(y) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -33000000000.0) or not (a <= 1.12e+36):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = math.log(y) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -33000000000.0) || !(a <= 1.12e+36))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(y) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -33000000000.0) || ~((a <= 1.12e+36)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = log(y) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -33000000000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.12e+36]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -33000000000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.12 \cdot 10^{+36}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.3e10 or 1.11999999999999999e36 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 79.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative79.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified79.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -3.3e10 < a < 1.11999999999999999e36

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}}\right)\right) \]
      4. log-rec99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \left(-\log t\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 54.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{-1} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in x around 0 37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + -1 \cdot t} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg37.8%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg37.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y - t} \]
    11. Simplified37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y - t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification58.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -33000000000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.12 \cdot 10^{+36}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 62.4% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.15 \cdot 10^{+16} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.9 \cdot 10^{+39}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -1.15e+16) (not (<= a 4.9e+39))) (* (log t) a) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.15e+16) || !(a <= 4.9e+39)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-1.15d+16)) .or. (.not. (a <= 4.9d+39))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.15e+16) || !(a <= 4.9e+39)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.15e+16) or not (a <= 4.9e+39):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.15e+16) || !(a <= 4.9e+39))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.15e+16) || ~((a <= 4.9e+39)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.15e+16], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 4.9e+39]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.15 \cdot 10^{+16} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.9 \cdot 10^{+39}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.15e16 or 4.89999999999999987e39 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 79.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative79.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified79.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -1.15e16 < a < 4.89999999999999987e39

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 47.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-147.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    7. Simplified47.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification63.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.15 \cdot 10^{+16} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.9 \cdot 10^{+39}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 17: 41.2% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 520:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (if (<= t 520.0) (log (+ x y)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 520.0) {
		tmp = log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 520.0d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y))
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 520.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 520.0:
		tmp = math.log((x + y))
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 520.0)
		tmp = log(Float64(x + y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 520.0)
		tmp = log((x + y));
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 520.0], N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 520:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 520

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 74.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg74.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg74.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*74.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}}\right)\right) \]
      4. log-rec74.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified74.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \left(-\log t\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - a}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 9.8%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{-1} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in t around 0 9.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative9.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \]
    11. Simplified9.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y + x\right)} \]

    if 520 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 67.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-167.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    7. Simplified67.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification37.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 520:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 18: 38.1% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 33.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-133.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  7. Simplified33.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024108 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))