
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- x (sin x)) (tan x)))
double code(double x) {
return (x - sin(x)) / tan(x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x - Math.sin(x)) / Math.tan(x);
}
def code(x): return (x - math.sin(x)) / math.tan(x)
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x - sin(x)) / tan(x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x - N[Sin[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Tan[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - \sin x}{\tan x}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 10 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- x (sin x)) (tan x)))
double code(double x) {
return (x - sin(x)) / tan(x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x - Math.sin(x)) / Math.tan(x);
}
def code(x): return (x - math.sin(x)) / math.tan(x)
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x - sin(x)) / tan(x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x - sin(x)) / tan(x); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x - N[Sin[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Tan[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - \sin x}{\tan x}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(*
x
(*
x
(+
0.16666666666666666
(*
(pow x 2.0)
(-
(*
(pow x 2.0)
(- (* (pow x 2.0) -0.00023368606701940035) 0.0007275132275132275))
0.06388888888888888))))))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (pow(x, 2.0) * ((pow(x, 2.0) * ((pow(x, 2.0) * -0.00023368606701940035) - 0.0007275132275132275)) - 0.06388888888888888))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x * (0.16666666666666666d0 + ((x ** 2.0d0) * (((x ** 2.0d0) * (((x ** 2.0d0) * (-0.00023368606701940035d0)) - 0.0007275132275132275d0)) - 0.06388888888888888d0))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (Math.pow(x, 2.0) * ((Math.pow(x, 2.0) * ((Math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.00023368606701940035) - 0.0007275132275132275)) - 0.06388888888888888))));
}
def code(x): return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (math.pow(x, 2.0) * ((math.pow(x, 2.0) * ((math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.00023368606701940035) - 0.0007275132275132275)) - 0.06388888888888888))))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(0.16666666666666666 + Float64((x ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64((x ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64((x ^ 2.0) * -0.00023368606701940035) - 0.0007275132275132275)) - 0.06388888888888888))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + ((x ^ 2.0) * (((x ^ 2.0) * (((x ^ 2.0) * -0.00023368606701940035) - 0.0007275132275132275)) - 0.06388888888888888)))); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * N[(0.16666666666666666 + N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.00023368606701940035), $MachinePrecision] - 0.0007275132275132275), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 + {x}^{2} \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot -0.00023368606701940035 - 0.0007275132275132275\right) - 0.06388888888888888\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(*
x
(+
(*
(pow x 3.0)
(- (* (pow x 2.0) -0.0007275132275132275) 0.06388888888888888))
(* x 0.16666666666666666))))
double code(double x) {
return x * ((pow(x, 3.0) * ((pow(x, 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888)) + (x * 0.16666666666666666));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (((x ** 3.0d0) * (((x ** 2.0d0) * (-0.0007275132275132275d0)) - 0.06388888888888888d0)) + (x * 0.16666666666666666d0))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * ((Math.pow(x, 3.0) * ((Math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888)) + (x * 0.16666666666666666));
}
def code(x): return x * ((math.pow(x, 3.0) * ((math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888)) + (x * 0.16666666666666666))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(Float64((x ^ 3.0) * Float64(Float64((x ^ 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888)) + Float64(x * 0.16666666666666666))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (((x ^ 3.0) * (((x ^ 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888)) + (x * 0.16666666666666666)); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(N[(N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.0007275132275132275), $MachinePrecision] - 0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left({x}^{3} \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot -0.0007275132275132275 - 0.06388888888888888\right) + x \cdot 0.16666666666666666\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
Simplified99.0%
+-commutative99.0%
distribute-lft-in99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
associate-*l*99.0%
fma-neg99.0%
metadata-eval99.0%
unpow299.0%
pow399.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(*
x
(*
x
(+
0.16666666666666666
(*
(pow x 2.0)
(- (* (pow x 2.0) -0.0007275132275132275) 0.06388888888888888))))))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (pow(x, 2.0) * ((pow(x, 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x * (0.16666666666666666d0 + ((x ** 2.0d0) * (((x ** 2.0d0) * (-0.0007275132275132275d0)) - 0.06388888888888888d0))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (Math.pow(x, 2.0) * ((Math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888))));
}
def code(x): return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (math.pow(x, 2.0) * ((math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888))))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(0.16666666666666666 + Float64((x ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64((x ^ 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + ((x ^ 2.0) * (((x ^ 2.0) * -0.0007275132275132275) - 0.06388888888888888)))); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * N[(0.16666666666666666 + N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.0007275132275132275), $MachinePrecision] - 0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 + {x}^{2} \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot -0.0007275132275132275 - 0.06388888888888888\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (+ (/ 1.0 (/ 6.0 x)) (* (pow x 3.0) -0.06388888888888888))))
double code(double x) {
return x * ((1.0 / (6.0 / x)) + (pow(x, 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * ((1.0d0 / (6.0d0 / x)) + ((x ** 3.0d0) * (-0.06388888888888888d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * ((1.0 / (6.0 / x)) + (Math.pow(x, 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888));
}
def code(x): return x * ((1.0 / (6.0 / x)) + (math.pow(x, 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(6.0 / x)) + Float64((x ^ 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * ((1.0 / (6.0 / x)) + ((x ^ 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888)); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(N[(1.0 / N[(6.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\frac{6}{x}} + {x}^{3} \cdot -0.06388888888888888\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
distribute-lft-in98.8%
*-commutative98.8%
associate-*l*98.8%
unpow298.8%
unpow398.8%
Applied egg-rr98.8%
metadata-eval98.8%
div-inv98.9%
clear-num98.8%
Applied egg-rr98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (+ (* x 0.16666666666666666) (* (pow x 3.0) -0.06388888888888888))))
double code(double x) {
return x * ((x * 0.16666666666666666) + (pow(x, 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * ((x * 0.16666666666666666d0) + ((x ** 3.0d0) * (-0.06388888888888888d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * ((x * 0.16666666666666666) + (Math.pow(x, 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888));
}
def code(x): return x * ((x * 0.16666666666666666) + (math.pow(x, 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * 0.16666666666666666) + Float64((x ^ 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * ((x * 0.16666666666666666) + ((x ^ 3.0) * -0.06388888888888888)); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(N[(x * 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.16666666666666666 + {x}^{3} \cdot -0.06388888888888888\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
distribute-lft-in98.8%
*-commutative98.8%
associate-*l*98.8%
unpow298.8%
unpow398.8%
Applied egg-rr98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (* x (+ 0.16666666666666666 (* (pow x 2.0) -0.06388888888888888)))))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (pow(x, 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888)));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x * (0.16666666666666666d0 + ((x ** 2.0d0) * (-0.06388888888888888d0))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (Math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888)));
}
def code(x): return x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + (math.pow(x, 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888)))
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(0.16666666666666666 + Float64((x ^ 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x * (0.16666666666666666 + ((x ^ 2.0) * -0.06388888888888888))); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * N[(0.16666666666666666 + N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.06388888888888888), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 + {x}^{2} \cdot -0.06388888888888888\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ x (/ 6.0 x)))
double code(double x) {
return x / (6.0 / x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x / (6.0d0 / x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x / (6.0 / x);
}
def code(x): return x / (6.0 / x)
function code(x) return Float64(x / Float64(6.0 / x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x / (6.0 / x); end
code[x_] := N[(x / N[(6.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x}{\frac{6}{x}}
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.0%
clear-num81.0%
inv-pow81.0%
*-un-lft-identity81.0%
times-frac81.1%
metadata-eval81.1%
Applied egg-rr81.1%
unpow-181.1%
Simplified81.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.8%
add-sqr-sqrt97.6%
sqrt-div97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
sqrt-pow173.3%
metadata-eval73.3%
pow173.3%
sqrt-div73.3%
metadata-eval73.3%
sqrt-pow197.6%
metadata-eval97.6%
pow197.6%
Applied egg-rr97.6%
frac-times97.8%
metadata-eval97.8%
unpow297.8%
div-inv97.8%
clear-num98.2%
unpow298.2%
associate-/l*98.2%
Applied egg-rr98.2%
clear-num98.2%
un-div-inv98.2%
Applied egg-rr98.2%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (/ x 6.0)))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x / 6.0);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x / 6.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x / 6.0);
}
def code(x): return x * (x / 6.0)
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x / 6.0)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x / 6.0); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x / 6.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \frac{x}{6}
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.0%
clear-num81.0%
inv-pow81.0%
*-un-lft-identity81.0%
times-frac81.1%
metadata-eval81.1%
Applied egg-rr81.1%
unpow-181.1%
Simplified81.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.8%
add-sqr-sqrt97.6%
sqrt-div97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
sqrt-pow173.3%
metadata-eval73.3%
pow173.3%
sqrt-div73.3%
metadata-eval73.3%
sqrt-pow197.6%
metadata-eval97.6%
pow197.6%
Applied egg-rr97.6%
frac-times97.8%
metadata-eval97.8%
unpow297.8%
div-inv97.8%
clear-num98.2%
unpow298.2%
associate-/l*98.2%
Applied egg-rr98.2%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* x (* x 0.16666666666666666)))
double code(double x) {
return x * (x * 0.16666666666666666);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x * (x * 0.16666666666666666d0)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x * (x * 0.16666666666666666);
}
def code(x): return x * (x * 0.16666666666666666)
function code(x) return Float64(x * Float64(x * 0.16666666666666666)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x * (x * 0.16666666666666666); end
code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.16666666666666666\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.8%
associate-/l*81.9%
cube-mult81.9%
unpow281.9%
associate-*l*99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fma-define99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fma-neg99.1%
metadata-eval99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.1%
Final simplification98.1%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 1.0)
double code(double x) {
return 1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 1.0;
}
def code(x): return 1.0
function code(x) return 1.0 end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 1.0; end
code[x_] := 1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
1
\end{array}
Initial program 54.8%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 4.3%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 4.2%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 0.16666666666666666 (* x x)))
double code(double x) {
return 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 0.16666666666666666d0 * (x * x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x);
}
def code(x): return 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x)
function code(x) return Float64(0.16666666666666666 * Float64(x * x)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 0.16666666666666666 * (x * x); end
code[x_] := N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024107
(FPCore (x)
:name "ENA, Section 1.4, Exercise 4a"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (<= -1.0 x) (<= x 1.0))
:alt
(* 0.16666666666666666 (* x x))
(/ (- x (sin x)) (tan x)))