
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* s 3.0)))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (s * 3.0f)))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(s * Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi))))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (s * single(3.0))))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (* r (/ -0.3333333333333333 s)))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))) + ((0.75f * expf((r * (-0.3333333333333333f / s)))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(r * Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi))))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((r * (single(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{r \cdot \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l/99.7%
associate-/l*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ (- r) (* s 3.0))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((-r / s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((-r / (s * 3.0f))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(s * Float32(3.0)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((-r / s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((-r / (s * single(3.0)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
pow299.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
unpow299.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ (- r) (* s 3.0))) (* r (* 6.0 (* s PI)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((-r / s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((-r / (s * 3.0f))) / (r * (6.0f * (s * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(s * Float32(3.0)))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((-r / s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((-r / (s * single(3.0)))) / (r * (single(6.0) * (s * single(pi)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* r (* s PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f((r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.5%
log1p-expm1-u12.6%
Applied egg-rr12.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ 0.125 (* PI (* r s))) (/ 0.125 (* s (* PI (* r (exp (/ r s))))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * (r * s))) + (0.125f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * (r * expf((r / s))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * s))) + Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * exp(Float32(r / s))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (single(pi) * (r * s))) + (single(0.125) / (s * (single(pi) * (r * exp((r / s)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)} + \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s}}\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
fma-undefine9.0%
frac-times9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-*l*9.0%
clear-num9.0%
un-div-inv9.0%
associate-/r*9.0%
div-inv9.0%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod6.8%
sqr-neg6.8%
sqrt-unprod6.8%
add-sqr-sqrt6.8%
exp-neg6.8%
distribute-frac-neg26.8%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod9.0%
Applied egg-rr9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
associate-*l*9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
associate-/l/9.0%
associate-/l/9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Final simplification9.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ 0.125 PI) (/ (/ 0.125 PI) (exp (/ r s)))) (* r s)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) + ((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / expf((r / s)))) / (r * s);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / exp(Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(r * s)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / single(pi)) + ((single(0.125) / single(pi)) / exp((r / s)))) / (r * s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
mul-1-neg9.0%
rec-exp9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-/l/9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
+-commutative9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-/r*9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Final simplification9.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ 0.125 (/ 0.125 (exp (/ r s)))) (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f + (0.125f / expf((r / s)))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) + Float32(Float32(0.125) / exp(Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) + (single(0.125) / exp((r / s)))) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125 + \frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
fma-undefine9.0%
frac-times9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-*l*9.0%
clear-num9.0%
un-div-inv9.0%
associate-/r*9.0%
div-inv9.0%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod6.8%
sqr-neg6.8%
sqrt-unprod6.8%
add-sqr-sqrt6.8%
exp-neg6.8%
distribute-frac-neg26.8%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod9.0%
Applied egg-rr9.0%
*-rgt-identity9.0%
*-rgt-identity9.0%
associate-*l/9.0%
times-frac8.9%
associate-/r*8.9%
associate-/r*8.9%
rec-exp8.9%
mul-1-neg8.9%
distribute-lft-out9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
associate-/r*9.0%
associate-/r*9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
distribute-lft-in9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
mul-1-neg9.0%
rec-exp9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
Simplified9.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (/ 0.125 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) (* s PI)) (/ (/ 0.125 PI) s)) r))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.125f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / (s * ((float) M_PI))) + ((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / s)) / r;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / s)) / r) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.125) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / (s * single(pi))) + ((single(0.125) / single(pi)) / s)) / r; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{s \cdot \pi} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{s}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
mul-1-neg9.0%
rec-exp9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-/l/9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.9%
Final simplification8.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.25 PI) (/ 1.0 (* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / ((float) M_PI)) * (1.0f / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / single(pi)) * (single(1.0) / (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\pi} \cdot \frac{1}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.5%
associate-*r*8.5%
*-commutative8.5%
*-commutative8.5%
Simplified8.5%
associate-/r*8.5%
div-inv8.5%
Applied egg-rr8.5%
Final simplification8.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* PI (* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (single(pi) * (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.5%
associate-*r*8.5%
*-commutative8.5%
*-commutative8.5%
Simplified8.5%
Final simplification8.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.5%
herbie shell --seed 2024107
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))