Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 13.9s
Alternatives: 16
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 16 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t + \log t \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)))
   (if (<= (- a 0.5) -2e+14)
     (- t_1 t)
     (if (<= (- a 0.5) -0.4999)
       (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (+ t (* (log t) 0.5))))
       (+ (- (log z) t) t_1)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - (t + (log(t) * 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-2d+14)) then
        tmp = t_1 - t
    else if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-0.4999d0)) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - (t + (log(t) * 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - (t + (Math.log(t) * 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	tmp = 0
	if (a - 0.5) <= -2e+14:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	elif (a - 0.5) <= -0.4999:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - (t + (math.log(t) * 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -2e+14)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	elseif (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -0.4999)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - Float64(t + Float64(log(t) * 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + t_1);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14)
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	elseif ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - (t + (log(t) * 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -2e+14], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -0.4999], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(t + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t + \log t \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -2e14

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log71.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    9. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -2e14 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -0.49990000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \left(t + 0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot 0.5}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \left(t + \log t \cdot 0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if -0.49990000000000001 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64))

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative97.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 80.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z - t\\ t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2 - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + t\_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log z) t)) (t_2 (* (log t) a)))
   (if (<= (- a 0.5) -2e+14)
     (- t_2 t)
     (if (<= (- a 0.5) -0.4999)
       (+ t_1 (+ (log y) (* (log t) -0.5)))
       (+ t_1 t_2)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) - t;
	double t_2 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14) {
		tmp = t_2 - t;
	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999) {
		tmp = t_1 + (log(y) + (log(t) * -0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 + t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(z) - t
    t_2 = log(t) * a
    if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-2d+14)) then
        tmp = t_2 - t
    else if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-0.4999d0)) then
        tmp = t_1 + (log(y) + (log(t) * (-0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = t_1 + t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(z) - t;
	double t_2 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14) {
		tmp = t_2 - t;
	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999) {
		tmp = t_1 + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * -0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 + t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(z) - t
	t_2 = math.log(t) * a
	tmp = 0
	if (a - 0.5) <= -2e+14:
		tmp = t_2 - t
	elif (a - 0.5) <= -0.4999:
		tmp = t_1 + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * -0.5))
	else:
		tmp = t_1 + t_2
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) - t)
	t_2 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -2e+14)
		tmp = Float64(t_2 - t);
	elseif (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -0.4999)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * -0.5)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + t_2);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(z) - t;
	t_2 = log(t) * a;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14)
		tmp = t_2 - t;
	elseif ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999)
		tmp = t_1 + (log(y) + (log(t) * -0.5));
	else
		tmp = t_1 + t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -2e+14], N[(t$95$2 - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -0.4999], N[(t$95$1 + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z - t\\
t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2 - t\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + t\_2\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -2e14

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log71.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    9. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -2e14 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -0.49990000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 74.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative74.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) \]
    8. Simplified74.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)} \]

    if -0.49990000000000001 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64))

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative97.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 80.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)))
   (if (<= (- a 0.5) -2e+14)
     (- t_1 t)
     (if (<= (- a 0.5) -0.4999)
       (+ (log y) (- (+ (log z) (* (log t) -0.5)) t))
       (+ (- (log z) t) t_1)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999) {
		tmp = log(y) + ((log(z) + (log(t) * -0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-2d+14)) then
        tmp = t_1 - t
    else if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-0.4999d0)) then
        tmp = log(y) + ((log(z) + (log(t) * (-0.5d0))) - t)
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + ((Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * -0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	tmp = 0
	if (a - 0.5) <= -2e+14:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	elif (a - 0.5) <= -0.4999:
		tmp = math.log(y) + ((math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * -0.5)) - t)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -2e+14)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	elseif (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -0.4999)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * -0.5)) - t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + t_1);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+14)
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	elseif ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4999)
		tmp = log(y) + ((log(z) + (log(t) * -0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -2e+14], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -0.4999], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right) - t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -2e14

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log71.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    9. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -2e14 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -0.49990000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 74.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+74.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative74.0%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \log z\right)} - t\right) \]
      3. *-commutative74.0%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5} + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
    8. Simplified74.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\left(\log t \cdot -0.5 + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]

    if -0.49990000000000001 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64))

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative97.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4999:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\left(\log z + \log t \cdot -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 86.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z \leq 140:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (log z) 140.0)
   (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* (log t) a))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (log(z) <= 140.0) {
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (log(z) <= 140.0d0) then
        tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t)
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.log(z) <= 140.0) {
		tmp = Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(t) * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if math.log(z) <= 140.0:
		tmp = math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(t) * a)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (log(z) <= 140.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(t) * a));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (log(z) <= 140.0)
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision], 140.0], N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\log z \leq 140:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (log.f64 z) < 140

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(\log z - t\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(a + \color{blue}{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right) \]
      4. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right)} \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right) \]
      5. associate-+r+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      6. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      7. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
      8. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      10. sum-log89.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      11. sub-neg89.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval89.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      13. *-commutative89.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)}\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 140 < (log.f64 z)

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 70.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative81.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification86.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z \leq 140:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 67.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z \leq 140:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (log z) 140.0)
   (+ (log (* y z)) (- (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) t))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* (log t) a))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (log(z) <= 140.0) {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (log(z) <= 140.0d0) then
        tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) - t)
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.log(z) <= 140.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + ((Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(t) * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if math.log(z) <= 140.0:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + ((math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(t) * a)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (log(z) <= 140.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) - t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(t) * a));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (log(z) <= 140.0)
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision], 140.0], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\log z \leq 140:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (log.f64 z) < 140

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log89.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]

    if 140 < (log.f64 z)

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 70.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative81.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z \leq 140:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 69.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log y\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (log y))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + log(y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) + log(y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + ((Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + Math.log(y));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + ((math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + math.log(y))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + log(y)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + log(y));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log y\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification73.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log y\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 73.7% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00032:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.00032)
   (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (log (* y z)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00032) {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + log((y * z));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.00032d0) then
        tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) + log((y * z))
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00032) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + Math.log((y * z));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00032:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + math.log((y * z))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00032)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + log(Float64(y * z)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00032)
		tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + log((y * z));
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.00032], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00032:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 3.20000000000000026e-4

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log67.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr67.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 48.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 48.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]

    if 3.20000000000000026e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log71.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr71.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    9. Simplified98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification76.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00032:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 76.9% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (- (log z) t) (* (log t) a)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(t) * a);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(t) * a)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(t) * a))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 81.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative81.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  8. Simplified81.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 77.1% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.0024:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.0024) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- (* (log t) a) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.0024) {
		tmp = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.0024d0) then
        tmp = log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.0024) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.0024:
		tmp = math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.0024)
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.0024)
		tmp = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.0024], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.0024:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 0.00239999999999999979

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-158.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Taylor expanded in t around 0 58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \]

    if 0.00239999999999999979 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log71.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr71.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    9. Simplified98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 64.6% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+48}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.35e+48) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.35e+48) {
		tmp = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1.35d+48) then
        tmp = log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.35e+48) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.35e+48:
		tmp = math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.35e+48)
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.35e+48)
		tmp = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.35e+48], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+48}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.35000000000000002e48

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 63.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-163.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified63.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Taylor expanded in t around 0 57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \]

    if 1.35000000000000002e48 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 82.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg82.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified82.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 62.4% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{+16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.05e+16) (* (log t) a) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.05e+16) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1.05d+16) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.05e+16) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.05e+16:
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.05e+16)
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.05e+16)
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.05e+16], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{+16}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.05e16

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 59.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-159.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified59.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 55.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative55.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    9. Simplified55.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 1.05e16 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 78.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 79.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg79.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified79.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 77.1% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 80.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-180.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Simplified80.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  7. Final simplification80.5%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 40.0% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.2:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (if (<= t 4.2) (log y) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 4.2) {
		tmp = log(y);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 4.2d0) then
        tmp = log(y)
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 4.2) {
		tmp = Math.log(y);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 4.2:
		tmp = math.log(y)
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 4.2)
		tmp = log(y);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 4.2)
		tmp = log(y);
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 4.2], N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.2:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 4.20000000000000018

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 9.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-19.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified9.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 9.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in x around 0 7.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y} \]

    if 4.20000000000000018 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 78.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg75.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 38.3% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 43.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg43.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Simplified43.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024106 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))