HairBSDF, Mp, lower

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.5%
Time: 12.9s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_i \land cosTheta\_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_O \land cosTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_i \land sinTheta\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_O \land sinTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1.5707964 \leq v \land v \leq 0.1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (exp
  (+
   (+
    (-
     (- (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v) (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))
     (/ 1.0 v))
    0.6931)
   (log (/ 1.0 (* 2.0 v))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return expf(((((((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v) - ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) - (1.0f / v)) + 0.6931f) + logf((1.0f / (2.0f * v)))));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = exp(((((((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v) - ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) - (1.0e0 / v)) + 0.6931e0) + log((1.0e0 / (2.0e0 * v)))))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return exp(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v) - Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) - Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) + Float32(0.6931)) + log(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = exp(((((((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v) - ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) - (single(1.0) / v)) + single(0.6931)) + log((single(1.0) / (single(2.0) * v)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (exp
  (+
   (+
    (-
     (- (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v) (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))
     (/ 1.0 v))
    0.6931)
   (log (/ 1.0 (* 2.0 v))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return expf(((((((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v) - ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) - (1.0f / v)) + 0.6931f) + logf((1.0f / (2.0f * v)))));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = exp(((((((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v) - ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) - (1.0e0 / v)) + 0.6931e0) + log((1.0e0 / (2.0e0 * v)))))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return exp(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v) - Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) - Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) + Float32(0.6931)) + log(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = exp(((((((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v) - ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) - (single(1.0) / v)) + single(0.6931)) + log((single(1.0) / (single(2.0) * v)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} + \frac{-1}{v}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ 1.0 (/ v (* 0.5 (exp 0.6931))))
  (exp (+ (/ (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i) v) (/ -1.0 v)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (1.0f / (v / (0.5f * expf(0.6931f)))) * expf((((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v) + (-1.0f / v)));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (1.0e0 / (v / (0.5e0 * exp(0.6931e0)))) * exp((((costheta_o * costheta_i) / v) + ((-1.0e0) / v)))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(v / Float32(Float32(0.5) * exp(Float32(0.6931))))) * exp(Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (single(1.0) / (v / (single(0.5) * exp(single(0.6931))))) * exp((((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v) + (single(-1.0) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} + \frac{-1}{v}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-sum99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    3. +-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right) + 0.6931}} \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    4. exp-sum99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right)} \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    5. add-exp-log99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. associate--r+99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}}} \]
    7. associate-*r/99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    8. associate-*r/99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    9. sub-div99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0.6931} \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    2. add-exp-log99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{0.6931} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    3. prod-exp99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-sum99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0.6931} \cdot e^{\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)}\right)} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    2. add-exp-log99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{0.6931} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    3. *-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right)} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    4. associate-*l/99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}{v}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    5. clear-num99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_i around inf 99.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  12. Final simplification99.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot e^{0.6931}}} \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} + \frac{-1}{v}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(e^{0.6931} \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{-1}{v}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* (exp 0.6931) (/ 0.5 v)) (exp (/ -1.0 v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(0.6931f) * (0.5f / v)) * expf((-1.0f / v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(0.6931e0) * (0.5e0 / v)) * exp(((-1.0e0) / v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(0.6931)) * Float32(Float32(0.5) / v)) * exp(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(single(0.6931)) * (single(0.5) / v)) * exp((single(-1.0) / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(e^{0.6931} \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{-1}{v}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-sum99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    3. +-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right) + 0.6931}} \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    4. exp-sum99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right)} \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    5. add-exp-log99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. associate--r+99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}}} \]
    7. associate-*r/99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    8. associate-*r/99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) - \frac{1}{v}} \]
    9. sub-div99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O - sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{1}{v}}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_i around inf 99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_O around 0 99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-neg-frac99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}} \]
  10. Simplified99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  11. Final simplification99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(e^{0.6931} \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right) \cdot e^{\frac{-1}{v}} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 51.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i}}{sinTheta\_O}}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq 5.000000179695649 \cdot 10^{-37}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) -2.0000000063421537e-30)
   (exp (/ 1.0 (/ (/ v sinTheta_i) sinTheta_O)))
   (if (<= (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) 5.000000179695649e-37)
     (/ 1.0 (/ v (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O)))
     (exp (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i (- v)))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	float tmp;
	if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= -2.0000000063421537e-30f) {
		tmp = expf((1.0f / ((v / sinTheta_i) / sinTheta_O)));
	} else if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= 5.000000179695649e-37f) {
		tmp = 1.0f / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
	} else {
		tmp = expf((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / -v)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) <= (-2.0000000063421537e-30)) then
        tmp = exp((1.0e0 / ((v / sintheta_i) / sintheta_o)))
    else if ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) <= 5.000000179695649e-37) then
        tmp = 1.0e0 / (v / (sintheta_i * sintheta_o))
    else
        tmp = exp((sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / -v)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= Float32(-2.0000000063421537e-30))
		tmp = exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(v / sinTheta_i) / sinTheta_O)));
	elseif (Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= Float32(5.000000179695649e-37))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(v / Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O)));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / Float32(-v))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= single(-2.0000000063421537e-30))
		tmp = exp((single(1.0) / ((v / sinTheta_i) / sinTheta_O)));
	elseif ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= single(5.000000179695649e-37))
		tmp = single(1.0) / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
	else
		tmp = exp((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / -v)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i}}{sinTheta\_O}}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq 5.000000179695649 \cdot 10^{-37}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) < -2e-30

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 5.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. *-commutative5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
    7. Simplified5.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-num5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}}} \]
      2. inv-pow5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}\right)}^{-1}}} \]
      3. add-sqr-sqrt2.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-sinTheta\_O} \cdot \sqrt{-sinTheta\_O}\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      4. sqrt-unprod27.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      5. sqr-neg27.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      6. sqrt-unprod27.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{sinTheta\_O} \cdot \sqrt{sinTheta\_O}\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr50.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{-1}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow-150.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r*50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i}}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \]
    11. Simplified50.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i}}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \]

    if -2e-30 < (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) < 5.00000018e-37

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 6.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. *-commutative6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
    7. Simplified6.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
      2. *-commutative6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
      4. unsub-neg6.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
      5. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
      6. *-commutative6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
      7. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    10. Simplified6.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 57.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg57.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg257.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
      3. associate-*r/26.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    13. Simplified26.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/57.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
      2. *-commutative57.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{-v} \]
      3. clear-num57.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{-v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-v} \cdot \sqrt{-v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod34.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(-v\right)}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      6. sqr-neg34.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      7. sqrt-unprod57.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{v} \cdot \sqrt{v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      8. add-sqr-sqrt57.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{v}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      9. *-commutative57.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]
    15. Applied egg-rr57.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]

    if 5.00000018e-37 < (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O)

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 45.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg45.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*45.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in45.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \left(-\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-frac-neg245.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}} \]
    7. Simplified45.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification53.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i}}{sinTheta\_O}}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq 5.000000179695649 \cdot 10^{-37}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 51.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq 5.000000179695649 \cdot 10^{-37}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) -2.0000000063421537e-30)
   (exp (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i v)))
   (if (<= (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) 5.000000179695649e-37)
     (/ 1.0 (/ v (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O)))
     (exp (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i (- v)))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	float tmp;
	if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= -2.0000000063421537e-30f) {
		tmp = expf((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v)));
	} else if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= 5.000000179695649e-37f) {
		tmp = 1.0f / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
	} else {
		tmp = expf((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / -v)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) <= (-2.0000000063421537e-30)) then
        tmp = exp((sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / v)))
    else if ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) <= 5.000000179695649e-37) then
        tmp = 1.0e0 / (v / (sintheta_i * sintheta_o))
    else
        tmp = exp((sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / -v)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= Float32(-2.0000000063421537e-30))
		tmp = exp(Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / v)));
	elseif (Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= Float32(5.000000179695649e-37))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(v / Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O)));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / Float32(-v))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= single(-2.0000000063421537e-30))
		tmp = exp((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v)));
	elseif ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= single(5.000000179695649e-37))
		tmp = single(1.0) / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
	else
		tmp = exp((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / -v)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq 5.000000179695649 \cdot 10^{-37}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) < -2e-30

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 5.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. *-commutative5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
    7. Simplified5.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)}} \]
      3. log-prod5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log 1 + \log \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)}} \]
      4. metadata-eval5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{0} + \log \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)} \]
      5. add-log-exp5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
      6. associate-/l*5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + \color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{-sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt2.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-sinTheta\_O} \cdot \sqrt{-sinTheta\_O}}}{v}} \]
      8. sqrt-unprod27.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}}{v}} \]
      9. sqr-neg27.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}}}{v}} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod27.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{sinTheta\_O} \cdot \sqrt{sinTheta\_O}}}{v}} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O}}{v}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr50.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-lft-identity50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
      2. associate-*r/50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
      3. *-commutative50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. associate-*r/50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    11. Simplified50.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]

    if -2e-30 < (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) < 5.00000018e-37

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 6.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. *-commutative6.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
    7. Simplified6.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
      2. *-commutative6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
      4. unsub-neg6.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
      5. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
      6. *-commutative6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
      7. associate-*r/6.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    10. Simplified6.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 57.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg57.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg257.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
      3. associate-*r/26.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    13. Simplified26.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/57.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
      2. *-commutative57.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{-v} \]
      3. clear-num57.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{-v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-v} \cdot \sqrt{-v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod34.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(-v\right)}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      6. sqr-neg34.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      7. sqrt-unprod57.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{v} \cdot \sqrt{v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      8. add-sqr-sqrt57.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{v}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      9. *-commutative57.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]
    15. Applied egg-rr57.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]

    if 5.00000018e-37 < (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O)

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 45.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg45.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*45.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in45.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \left(-\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-frac-neg245.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}} \]
    7. Simplified45.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification53.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq 5.000000179695649 \cdot 10^{-37}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 45.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) -2.0000000063421537e-30)
   (exp (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i v)))
   (/ 1.0 (/ v (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	float tmp;
	if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= -2.0000000063421537e-30f) {
		tmp = expf((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v)));
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0f / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) <= (-2.0000000063421537e-30)) then
        tmp = exp((sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / v)))
    else
        tmp = 1.0e0 / (v / (sintheta_i * sintheta_o))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= Float32(-2.0000000063421537e-30))
		tmp = exp(Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / v)));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(v / Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) <= single(-2.0000000063421537e-30))
		tmp = exp((sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v)));
	else
		tmp = single(1.0) / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) < -2e-30

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 5.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. *-commutative5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
    7. Simplified5.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)}} \]
      3. log-prod5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log 1 + \log \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)}} \]
      4. metadata-eval5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{0} + \log \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}\right)} \]
      5. add-log-exp5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
      6. associate-/l*5.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + \color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{-sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt2.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-sinTheta\_O} \cdot \sqrt{-sinTheta\_O}}}{v}} \]
      8. sqrt-unprod27.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}}{v}} \]
      9. sqr-neg27.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}}}{v}} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod27.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{sinTheta\_O} \cdot \sqrt{sinTheta\_O}}}{v}} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O}}{v}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr50.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{0 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-lft-identity50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
      2. associate-*r/50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
      3. *-commutative50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. associate-*r/50.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    11. Simplified50.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]

    if -2e-30 < (*.f32 sinTheta_i sinTheta_O)

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
      2. associate--l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      4. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
      5. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 16.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/16.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg16.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out16.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
      4. *-commutative16.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
    7. Simplified16.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg6.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
      2. *-commutative6.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/6.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
      4. unsub-neg6.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
      5. associate-*r/6.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
      6. *-commutative6.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
      7. associate-*r/6.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    10. Simplified6.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 44.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg44.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg244.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
      3. associate-*r/21.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    13. Simplified21.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/44.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
      2. *-commutative44.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{-v} \]
      3. clear-num44.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{-v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-v} \cdot \sqrt{-v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod27.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(-v\right)}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      6. sqr-neg27.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      7. sqrt-unprod44.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{v} \cdot \sqrt{v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      8. add-sqr-sqrt44.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{v}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
      9. *-commutative44.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]
    15. Applied egg-rr44.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification45.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O \leq -2.0000000063421537 \cdot 10^{-30}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.6% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931 + \frac{-1}{v}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ 0.5 v) (exp (+ 0.6931 (/ -1.0 v)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (0.5f / v) * expf((0.6931f + (-1.0f / v)));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (0.5e0 / v) * exp((0.6931e0 + ((-1.0e0) / v)))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) * exp(Float32(Float32(0.6931) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (single(0.5) / v) * exp((single(0.6931) + (single(-1.0) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931 + \frac{-1}{v}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-sum99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931} \cdot e^{\log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931}} \]
    3. rem-exp-log99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}} \cdot e^{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931} \]
    4. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}} \cdot e^{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v} \cdot e^{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931} \]
    6. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + 0.6931} \]
    7. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + 0.6931} \]
    8. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + 0.6931} \]
    9. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(sinTheta\_i, \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) + 0.6931} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \mathsf{fma}\left(sinTheta\_i, \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + 0.6931}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\left(0.6931 + \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_O around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{0.6931} - \frac{1}{v}} \]
  7. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot e^{0.6931 + \frac{-1}{v}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 97.6% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i + -1}{v}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (exp (/ (+ (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i) -1.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return expf((((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) + -1.0f) / v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = exp((((costheta_o * costheta_i) + (-1.0e0)) / v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return exp(Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) + Float32(-1.0)) / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = exp((((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) + single(-1.0)) / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i + -1}{v}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(0.6931 + \left(\log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right) + \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) - \frac{1}{v}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around 0 97.5%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i - 1}{v}}} \]
  7. Final simplification97.5%

    \[\leadsto e^{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i + -1}{v}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 39.2% accurate, 31.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ 1.0 (/ v (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 1.0f / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 1.0e0 / (v / (sintheta_i * sintheta_o))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(v / Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(1.0) / (v / (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    3. distribute-lft-neg-out14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    4. *-commutative14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
  7. Simplified14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
    4. unsub-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    5. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    6. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
    7. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  10. Simplified6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg237.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    3. associate-*r/19.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  13. Simplified19.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  14. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    2. *-commutative37.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{-v} \]
    3. clear-num38.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{-v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-v} \cdot \sqrt{-v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod23.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(-v\right)}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
    6. sqr-neg23.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
    7. sqrt-unprod38.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{v} \cdot \sqrt{v}}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
    8. add-sqr-sqrt38.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{v}}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
    9. *-commutative38.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]
  15. Applied egg-rr38.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}} \]
  16. Final simplification38.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}} \]
  17. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 38.8% accurate, 37.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{-v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) (- v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / -v;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / -v
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / Float32(-v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / -v;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{-v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    3. distribute-lft-neg-out14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    4. *-commutative14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
  7. Simplified14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
    4. unsub-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    5. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    6. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
    7. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  10. Simplified6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg237.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    3. associate-*r/19.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  13. Simplified19.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  14. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around 0 37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  15. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-neg-in37.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v} \]
  16. Simplified37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}} \]
  17. Final simplification37.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{-v} \]
  18. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 20.8% accurate, 37.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{-v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* sinTheta_i (/ sinTheta_O (- v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return sinTheta_i * (sinTheta_O / -v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = sintheta_i * (sintheta_o / -v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(sinTheta_i * Float32(sinTheta_O / Float32(-v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = sinTheta_i * (sinTheta_O / -v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{-v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    3. distribute-lft-neg-out14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    4. *-commutative14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
  7. Simplified14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
    4. unsub-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    5. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    6. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
    7. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  10. Simplified6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg237.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    3. associate-*r/19.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  13. Simplified19.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  14. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around 0 37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  15. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/19.1%

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*19.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i} \]
    3. *-commutative19.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \]
    4. mul-1-neg19.1%

      \[\leadsto sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac219.1%

      \[\leadsto sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{-v}} \]
  16. Simplified19.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{-v}} \]
  17. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 20.8% accurate, 37.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i (- v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / -v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / -v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / Float32(-v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / -v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    3. distribute-lft-neg-out14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    4. *-commutative14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
  7. Simplified14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
    4. unsub-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    5. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
    6. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v} \]
    7. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  10. Simplified6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around inf 37.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg37.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg237.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
    3. associate-*r/19.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  13. Simplified19.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{-v}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 6.4% accurate, 223.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 1 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 1.0)
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 1.0f;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 1.0e0
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(1.0)
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(1.0);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
1
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[e^{\left(\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + 0.6931\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right) - \frac{1}{v}\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate--l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} - \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    5. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} - \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) + \left(0.6931 + \log \left(\frac{0.5}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf 14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    3. distribute-lft-neg-out14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}} \]
    4. *-commutative14.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}}{v}} \]
  7. Simplified14.6%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta\_O\right)}{v}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(-\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \]
    4. distribute-rgt-neg-in6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \]
    5. distribute-frac-neg6.3%

      \[\leadsto 1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
  10. Simplified6.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{-sinTheta\_O}{v}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 6.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024102 
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
  :name "HairBSDF, Mp, lower"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.5707964 v) (<= v 0.1)))
  (exp (+ (+ (- (- (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v) (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v)) (/ 1.0 v)) 0.6931) (log (/ 1.0 (* 2.0 v))))))