Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 15.5s
Alternatives: 18
Speedup: 0.8×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 18 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.00088)
   (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (- (- (log z) t) (* a (log (/ 1.0 t))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00088) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.00088d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0d0 / t)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00088) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) - (a * Math.log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00088:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) - (a * math.log((1.0 / t)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00088)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) - Float64(a * log(Float64(1.0 / t))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00088)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.00088], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 8.80000000000000031e-4

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]

    if 8.80000000000000031e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification98.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.00088)
   (+ (log z) (+ (log (+ x y)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (- (- (log z) t) (* a (log (/ 1.0 t))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00088) {
		tmp = log(z) + (log((x + y)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.00088d0) then
        tmp = log(z) + (log((x + y)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0d0 / t)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00088) {
		tmp = Math.log(z) + (Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) - (a * Math.log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00088:
		tmp = math.log(z) + (math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) - (a * math.log((1.0 / t)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00088)
		tmp = Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) - Float64(a * log(Float64(1.0 / t))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00088)
		tmp = log(z) + (log((x + y)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.00088], N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\
\;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 8.80000000000000031e-4

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative99.0%

        \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(y + x\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]

    if 8.80000000000000031e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification98.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (- (log (+ x y)) (* (log (/ 1.0 t)) (- a 0.5)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log((x + y)) - (log((1.0 / t)) * (a - 0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log((x + y)) - (log((1.0d0 / t)) * (a - 0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log((x + y)) - (Math.log((1.0 / t)) * (a - 0.5)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log((x + y)) - (math.log((1.0 / t)) * (a - 0.5)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - Float64(log(Float64(1.0 / t)) * Float64(a - 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log((x + y)) - (log((1.0 / t)) * (a - 0.5)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 81.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.00088)
   (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (- (- (log z) t) (* a (log (/ 1.0 t))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00088) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.00088d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0d0 / t)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00088) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) - (a * Math.log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00088:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) - (a * math.log((1.0 / t)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00088)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) - Float64(a * log(Float64(1.0 / t))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00088)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.00088], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 8.80000000000000031e-4

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 59.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 59.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+59.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    8. Simplified59.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]

    if 8.80000000000000031e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t)) (* (log t) (+ a -0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)) + (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t)) + (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)) + (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. remove-double-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right) \]
    3. remove-double-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    5. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 68.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 73.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 3.4 \cdot 10^{-176}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-157}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (log (* y z)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
   (if (<= t 3.4e-176)
     t_1
     (if (<= t 4e-157)
       (+ (log y) (* (log t) a))
       (if (<= t 2.6e-80) t_1 (- (- (log z) t) (* a (log (/ 1.0 t)))))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 3.4e-176) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t <= 4e-157) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(t) * a);
	} else if (t <= 2.6e-80) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
    if (t <= 3.4d-176) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t <= 4d-157) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(t) * a)
    else if (t <= 2.6d-80) then
        tmp = t_1
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0d0 / t)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log((y * z)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 3.4e-176) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t <= 4e-157) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a);
	} else if (t <= 2.6e-80) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) - (a * Math.log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log((y * z)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 3.4e-176:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t <= 4e-157:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)
	elif t <= 2.6e-80:
		tmp = t_1
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) - (a * math.log((1.0 / t)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 3.4e-176)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t <= 4e-157)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a));
	elseif (t <= 2.6e-80)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) - Float64(a * log(Float64(1.0 / t))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 3.4e-176)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t <= 4e-157)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(t) * a);
	elseif (t <= 2.6e-80)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 3.4e-176], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[t, 4e-157], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t, 2.6e-80], t$95$1, N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 3.4 \cdot 10^{-176}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-157}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if t < 3.3999999999999997e-176 or 3.99999999999999977e-157 < t < 2.6000000000000001e-80

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 60.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 60.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+60.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    8. Simplified60.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
      2. sum-log47.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    10. Applied egg-rr47.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]

    if 3.3999999999999997e-176 < t < 3.99999999999999977e-157

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 83.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative83.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified83.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + a \cdot \log t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative61.4%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    10. Simplified61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \log t \cdot a} \]

    if 2.6000000000000001e-80 < t

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 93.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 3.4 \cdot 10^{-176}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-157}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 73.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ t_2 := \log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 6 \cdot 10^{-176}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-157}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)) (t_2 (+ (log (* y z)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
   (if (<= t 6e-176)
     t_2
     (if (<= t 2.8e-157)
       (+ (log y) t_1)
       (if (<= t 2.6e-80) t_2 (+ (- (log z) t) t_1))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double t_2 = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 6e-176) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (t <= 2.8e-157) {
		tmp = log(y) + t_1;
	} else if (t <= 2.6e-80) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    t_2 = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
    if (t <= 6d-176) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (t <= 2.8d-157) then
        tmp = log(y) + t_1
    else if (t <= 2.6d-80) then
        tmp = t_2
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double t_2 = Math.log((y * z)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 6e-176) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (t <= 2.8e-157) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + t_1;
	} else if (t <= 2.6e-80) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	t_2 = math.log((y * z)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 6e-176:
		tmp = t_2
	elif t <= 2.8e-157:
		tmp = math.log(y) + t_1
	elif t <= 2.6e-80:
		tmp = t_2
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	t_2 = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 6e-176)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (t <= 2.8e-157)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + t_1);
	elseif (t <= 2.6e-80)
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + t_1);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	t_2 = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 6e-176)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (t <= 2.8e-157)
		tmp = log(y) + t_1;
	elseif (t <= 2.6e-80)
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 6e-176], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[t, 2.8e-157], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t, 2.6e-80], t$95$2, N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
t_2 := \log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 6 \cdot 10^{-176}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-157}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if t < 6e-176 or 2.8000000000000001e-157 < t < 2.6000000000000001e-80

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 60.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 60.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+60.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    8. Simplified60.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
      2. sum-log47.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    10. Applied egg-rr47.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]

    if 6e-176 < t < 2.8000000000000001e-157

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 83.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative83.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified83.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + a \cdot \log t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative61.4%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    10. Simplified61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \log t \cdot a} \]

    if 2.6000000000000001e-80 < t

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 93.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg93.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
      2. log-rec93.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(-a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)}\right) \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in93.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-\left(-\log t\right)\right)} \]
      4. remove-double-neg93.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} \]
    8. Simplified93.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 6 \cdot 10^{-176}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-157}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 86.2% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z - t\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log z) t)))
   (if (<= a -1.6e+14)
     (+ t_1 (* (log t) a))
     (if (<= a 1.4e-9)
       (+ (- (log (* z (+ x y))) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))
       (- t_1 (* a (log (/ 1.0 t))))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.6e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 + (log(t) * a);
	} else if (a <= 1.4e-9) {
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(z) - t
    if (a <= (-1.6d+14)) then
        tmp = t_1 + (log(t) * a)
    else if (a <= 1.4d-9) then
        tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
    else
        tmp = t_1 - (a * log((1.0d0 / t)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(z) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.6e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 + (Math.log(t) * a);
	} else if (a <= 1.4e-9) {
		tmp = (Math.log((z * (x + y))) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - (a * Math.log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(z) - t
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -1.6e+14:
		tmp = t_1 + (math.log(t) * a)
	elif a <= 1.4e-9:
		tmp = (math.log((z * (x + y))) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - (a * math.log((1.0 / t)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) - t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -1.6e+14)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + Float64(log(t) * a));
	elseif (a <= 1.4e-9)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(z * Float64(x + y))) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - Float64(a * log(Float64(1.0 / t))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(z) - t;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -1.6e+14)
		tmp = t_1 + (log(t) * a);
	elseif (a <= 1.4e-9)
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	else
		tmp = t_1 - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -1.6e+14], N[(t$95$1 + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 1.4e-9], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(z * N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - N[(a * N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z - t\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < -1.6e14

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
      2. log-rec99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(-a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)}\right) \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-\left(-\log t\right)\right)} \]
      4. remove-double-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} \]
    8. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]

    if -1.6e14 < a < 1.39999999999999992e-9

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. sum-log77.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Applied egg-rr77.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity77.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative77.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified77.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]

    if 1.39999999999999992e-9 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 72.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z - t\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log z) t)))
   (if (<= a -1.6e+14)
     (+ t_1 (* (log t) a))
     (if (<= a 1.8e-9)
       (+ (log (* y z)) (- (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) t))
       (- t_1 (* a (log (/ 1.0 t))))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.6e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 + (log(t) * a);
	} else if (a <= 1.8e-9) {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(z) - t
    if (a <= (-1.6d+14)) then
        tmp = t_1 + (log(t) * a)
    else if (a <= 1.8d-9) then
        tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) - t)
    else
        tmp = t_1 - (a * log((1.0d0 / t)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(z) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.6e+14) {
		tmp = t_1 + (Math.log(t) * a);
	} else if (a <= 1.8e-9) {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + ((Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - (a * Math.log((1.0 / t)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(z) - t
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -1.6e+14:
		tmp = t_1 + (math.log(t) * a)
	elif a <= 1.8e-9:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + ((math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t)
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - (a * math.log((1.0 / t)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) - t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -1.6e+14)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + Float64(log(t) * a));
	elseif (a <= 1.8e-9)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) - t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - Float64(a * log(Float64(1.0 / t))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(z) - t;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -1.6e+14)
		tmp = t_1 + (log(t) * a);
	elseif (a <= 1.8e-9)
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = t_1 - (a * log((1.0 / t)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -1.6e+14], N[(t$95$1 + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 1.8e-9], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - N[(a * N[Log[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z - t\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < -1.6e14

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
      2. log-rec99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(-a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)}\right) \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-\left(-\log t\right)\right)} \]
      4. remove-double-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} \]
    8. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]

    if -1.6e14 < a < 1.8e-9

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity62.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log y + \log z\right)} - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) \]
      2. sum-log47.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr47.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity47.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) \]
    9. Simplified47.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) \]

    if 1.8e-9 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification73.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) - a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 62.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.8 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+32} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+92}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)))
   (if (<= t 7.8e+21)
     (+ (log (+ x y)) t_1)
     (if (or (<= t 2.6e+32) (not (<= t 2.6e+92))) (- t) (+ (log y) t_1)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 7.8e+21) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + t_1;
	} else if ((t <= 2.6e+32) || !(t <= 2.6e+92)) {
		tmp = -t;
	} else {
		tmp = log(y) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    if (t <= 7.8d+21) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + t_1
    else if ((t <= 2.6d+32) .or. (.not. (t <= 2.6d+92))) then
        tmp = -t
    else
        tmp = log(y) + t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 7.8e+21) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + t_1;
	} else if ((t <= 2.6e+32) || !(t <= 2.6e+92)) {
		tmp = -t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 7.8e+21:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + t_1
	elif (t <= 2.6e+32) or not (t <= 2.6e+92):
		tmp = -t
	else:
		tmp = math.log(y) + t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 7.8e+21)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + t_1);
	elseif ((t <= 2.6e+32) || !(t <= 2.6e+92))
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + t_1);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 7.8e+21)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + t_1;
	elseif ((t <= 2.6e+32) || ~((t <= 2.6e+92)))
		tmp = -t;
	else
		tmp = log(y) + t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 7.8e+21], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], If[Or[LessEqual[t, 2.6e+32], N[Not[LessEqual[t, 2.6e+92]], $MachinePrecision]], (-t), N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.8 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+32} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+92}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if t < 7.8e21

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 60.0%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative60.0%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified60.0%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 7.8e21 < t < 2.6000000000000002e32 or 2.5999999999999999e92 < t

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 91.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-191.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified91.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]

    if 2.6000000000000002e32 < t < 2.5999999999999999e92

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 71.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative71.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified71.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + a \cdot \log t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative51.8%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    10. Simplified51.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification69.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.8 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+32} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+92}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 55.1% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 5.2 \cdot 10^{+21} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+32}\right) \land t \leq 1.9 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= t 5.2e+21) (and (not (<= t 2.5e+32)) (<= t 1.9e+91)))
   (+ (log y) (* (log t) a))
   (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= 5.2e+21) || (!(t <= 2.5e+32) && (t <= 1.9e+91))) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(t) * a);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((t <= 5.2d+21) .or. (.not. (t <= 2.5d+32)) .and. (t <= 1.9d+91)) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(t) * a)
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= 5.2e+21) || (!(t <= 2.5e+32) && (t <= 1.9e+91))) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (t <= 5.2e+21) or (not (t <= 2.5e+32) and (t <= 1.9e+91)):
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t <= 5.2e+21) || (!(t <= 2.5e+32) && (t <= 1.9e+91)))
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t <= 5.2e+21) || (~((t <= 2.5e+32)) && (t <= 1.9e+91)))
		tmp = log(y) + (log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[t, 5.2e+21], And[N[Not[LessEqual[t, 2.5e+32]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[t, 1.9e+91]]], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 5.2 \cdot 10^{+21} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+32}\right) \land t \leq 1.9 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 5.2e21 or 2.4999999999999999e32 < t < 1.8999999999999999e91

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 61.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative61.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified61.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 45.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + a \cdot \log t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative45.8%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    10. Simplified45.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \log t \cdot a} \]

    if 5.2e21 < t < 2.4999999999999999e32 or 1.8999999999999999e91 < t

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 91.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-191.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified91.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 5.2 \cdot 10^{+21} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+32}\right) \land t \leq 1.9 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 76.8% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (- (log z) t) (* (log t) a)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(t) * a);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(t) * a)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(t) * a))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(t) * a);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 77.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg77.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-a \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    2. log-rec77.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(-a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)}\right) \]
    3. distribute-rgt-neg-in77.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-\left(-\log t\right)\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg77.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} \]
  8. Simplified77.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
  9. Final simplification77.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \log t \cdot a \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 41.2% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.51:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (if (<= t 0.51) (log (+ x y)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.51) {
		tmp = log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.51d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y))
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.51) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.51:
		tmp = math.log((x + y))
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.51)
		tmp = log(Float64(x + y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.51)
		tmp = log((x + y));
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.51], N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.51:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 0.51000000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 9.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-19.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified9.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 9.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative9.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \]
    10. Simplified9.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y + x\right)} \]

    if 0.51000000000000001 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-171.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification38.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.51:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 41.2% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (log (+ x y)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 38.9%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-138.9%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  7. Simplified38.9%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification38.9%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) - t \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 17: 30.3% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log y - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (log y) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log(y) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log(y) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log(y) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log(y) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(y) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log(y) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log y - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 38.9%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-138.9%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  7. Simplified38.9%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 30.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y - t} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 18: 37.9% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + -1 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 35.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-135.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Simplified35.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024101 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))