NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 78.3% → 99.6%
Time: 13.1s
Alternatives: 11
Speedup: 1.6×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 11 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 78.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ (* PI 0.5) (+ b a)) (/ (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b)) (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b)) / (b - a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b)) / (b - a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b)) / (b - a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.5) / Float64(b + a)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)) / Float64(b - a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b)) / (b - a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr90.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 78.2% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.15 \cdot 10^{-142}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -3.15e-142)
   (/ (/ (* PI -0.5) (* b a)) (- b a))
   (* (/ PI (* a (- b a))) (/ 0.5 (+ b a)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -3.15e-142) {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / (a * (b - a))) * (0.5 / (b + a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -3.15e-142) {
		tmp = ((Math.PI * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI / (a * (b - a))) * (0.5 / (b + a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -3.15e-142:
		tmp = ((math.pi * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a)
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi / (a * (b - a))) * (0.5 / (b + a))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -3.15e-142)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * -0.5) / Float64(b * a)) / Float64(b - a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(a * Float64(b - a))) * Float64(0.5 / Float64(b + a)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -3.15e-142)
		tmp = ((pi * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	else
		tmp = (pi / (a * (b - a))) * (0.5 / (b + a));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -3.15e-142], N[(N[(N[(Pi * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi / N[(a * N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.15 \cdot 10^{-142}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.1499999999999999e-142

    1. Initial program 86.0%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv86.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*90.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv90.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval90.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr90.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in b around 0 83.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/83.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified83.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]

    if -3.1499999999999999e-142 < a

    1. Initial program 79.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv79.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*90.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv90.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval90.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr90.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 61.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative61.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-/l/61.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      3. frac-times61.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{a \cdot \left(\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)}} \]
      4. *-un-lft-identity61.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot \left(\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr61.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a \cdot \left(\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(b - a\right)\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      2. times-frac70.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}} \]
      3. +-commutative70.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr70.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification74.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.15 \cdot 10^{-142}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 76.5% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.03 \cdot 10^{-112}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.03e-112)
   (/ (/ (* PI -0.5) (* b a)) (- b a))
   (/ (/ (* PI 0.5) (* b a)) (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.03e-112) {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) * 0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.03e-112) {
		tmp = ((Math.PI * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.PI * 0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 1.03e-112:
		tmp = ((math.pi * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a)
	else:
		tmp = ((math.pi * 0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 1.03e-112)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * -0.5) / Float64(b * a)) / Float64(b - a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.5) / Float64(b * a)) / Float64(b - a));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 1.03e-112)
		tmp = ((pi * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	else
		tmp = ((pi * 0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.03e-112], N[(N[(N[(Pi * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.03 \cdot 10^{-112}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.03000000000000002e-112

    1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*90.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr90.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in b around 0 73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]

    if 1.03000000000000002e-112 < b

    1. Initial program 81.4%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval81.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified81.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv81.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares89.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr78.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 78.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified78.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.03 \cdot 10^{-112}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 76.5% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.35 \cdot 10^{-113}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 4.35e-113)
   (/ (/ (* PI -0.5) (* b a)) (- b a))
   (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI b)) (* a (- b a)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 4.35e-113) {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / b)) / (a * (b - a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 4.35e-113) {
		tmp = ((Math.PI * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / b)) / (a * (b - a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 4.35e-113:
		tmp = ((math.pi * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a)
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / b)) / (a * (b - a))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 4.35e-113)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * -0.5) / Float64(b * a)) / Float64(b - a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / b)) / Float64(a * Float64(b - a)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 4.35e-113)
		tmp = ((pi * -0.5) / (b * a)) / (b - a);
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / b)) / (a * (b - a));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 4.35e-113], N[(N[(N[(Pi * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.35 \cdot 10^{-113}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 4.34999999999999977e-113

    1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*90.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr90.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in b around 0 73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]

    if 4.34999999999999977e-113 < b

    1. Initial program 81.4%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval81.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified81.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv81.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares89.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr78.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 78.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
      2. *-commutative78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
      3. times-frac78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified78.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity78.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*68.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr68.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity68.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    13. Simplified68.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative68.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}} \]
      2. frac-times78.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
      3. *-commutative78.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      4. associate-*r/78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      5. *-commutative78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      6. *-un-lft-identity78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      7. times-frac78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{1} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    15. Applied egg-rr78.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.35 \cdot 10^{-113}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 76.5% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.15 \cdot 10^{-111}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.15e-111)
   (/ (* PI (/ (/ -0.5 b) a)) (- b a))
   (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI b)) (* a (- b a)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.15e-111) {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) * ((-0.5 / b) / a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / b)) / (a * (b - a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.15e-111) {
		tmp = (Math.PI * ((-0.5 / b) / a)) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / b)) / (a * (b - a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 1.15e-111:
		tmp = (math.pi * ((-0.5 / b) / a)) / (b - a)
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / b)) / (a * (b - a))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 1.15e-111)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(Float64(-0.5 / b) / a)) / Float64(b - a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / b)) / Float64(a * Float64(b - a)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 1.15e-111)
		tmp = (pi * ((-0.5 / b) / a)) / (b - a);
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / b)) / (a * (b - a));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.15e-111], N[(N[(Pi * N[(N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.15 \cdot 10^{-111}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.15e-111

    1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*90.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr90.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 79.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in b around 0 73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-0.5\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
      3. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
      4. *-commutative73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
      5. associate-/l*73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
      6. associate-/l/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a}}}{b - a} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-\frac{0.5}{b}}{a}}}{b - a} \]
      9. distribute-neg-frac73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}{a}}{b - a} \]
      10. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-0.5}}{b}}{a}}{b - a} \]
    10. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}}}{b - a} \]

    if 1.15e-111 < b

    1. Initial program 81.4%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval81.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified81.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv81.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/81.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares89.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr78.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 78.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
      2. *-commutative78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
      3. times-frac78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified78.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity78.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*68.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr68.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity68.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    13. Simplified68.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative68.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}} \]
      2. frac-times78.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
      3. *-commutative78.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      4. associate-*r/78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      5. *-commutative78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      6. *-un-lft-identity78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      7. times-frac78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{1} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval78.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    15. Applied egg-rr78.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.15 \cdot 10^{-111}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{b} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ (* PI 0.5) (+ b a)) (/ (/ 1.0 a) b)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) * 0.5) / (b + a)) * ((1.0 / a) / b);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI * 0.5) / (b + a)) * ((1.0 / a) / b);
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi * 0.5) / (b + a)) * ((1.0 / a) / b)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.5) / Float64(b + a)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) / b))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi * 0.5) / (b + a)) * ((1.0 / a) / b);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr90.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a}}{b}} \]
  11. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a}}{b}} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ (* PI 0.5) (+ b a)) (/ 1.0 (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (1.0 / (b * a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.5) / Float64(b + a)) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(b * a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi * 0.5) / (b + a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr90.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 67.1% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI b)) (* a (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / b)) / (a * (b - a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (Math.PI / b)) / (a * (b - a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * (math.pi / b)) / (a * (b - a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / b)) / Float64(a * Float64(b - a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * (pi / b)) / (a * (b - a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-/l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval81.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-*l/82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    6. *-lft-identity82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. sub-neg82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified82.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-*r/81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-commutative81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. difference-of-squares90.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr61.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 61.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    2. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
    3. times-frac61.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  9. Simplified61.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*55.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr55.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity55.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  13. Simplified55.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  14. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative55.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}} \]
    2. frac-times61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
    3. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    4. associate-*r/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    5. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    6. *-un-lft-identity61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    7. times-frac61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{1} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
  15. Applied egg-rr61.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
  16. Final simplification61.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
  17. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 66.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b - a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ (/ 0.5 b) a) (/ PI (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((0.5 / b) / a) * (((double) M_PI) / (b - a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((0.5 / b) / a) * (Math.PI / (b - a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((0.5 / b) / a) * (math.pi / (b - a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 / b) / a) * Float64(pi / Float64(b - a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((0.5 / b) / a) * (pi / (b - a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b - a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-/l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval81.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-*l/82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    6. *-lft-identity82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. sub-neg82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified82.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-*r/81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-commutative81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. difference-of-squares90.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr61.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 61.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    2. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
    3. times-frac61.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  9. Simplified61.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{a}}}{b - a} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr61.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{a}}}{b - a} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a}} \]
    2. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \]
    3. frac-times55.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}} \]
    4. *-commutative55.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    5. frac-times61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}}{a \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
    7. times-frac61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b - a}} \]
  13. Applied egg-rr61.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b - a}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 61.2% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ PI a) (/ (/ 0.5 b) (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) / a) * ((0.5 / b) / (b - a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI / a) * ((0.5 / b) / (b - a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi / a) * ((0.5 / b) / (b - a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi / a) * Float64(Float64(0.5 / b) / Float64(b - a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi / a) * ((0.5 / b) / (b - a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-/l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval81.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-*l/82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    6. *-lft-identity82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. sub-neg82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified82.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-*r/81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-commutative81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. difference-of-squares90.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr61.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 61.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    2. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
    3. times-frac61.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  9. Simplified61.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*55.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr55.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity55.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  13. Simplified55.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 30.8% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ PI a) (/ -0.5 (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi / a) * Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.9%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-/l*81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval81.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-*l/82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    6. *-lft-identity82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. sub-neg82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified82.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval82.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. div-inv82.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-*r/81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-commutative81.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. difference-of-squares90.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr61.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 61.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    2. *-commutative61.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
    3. times-frac61.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  9. Simplified61.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*55.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr55.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity55.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  13. Simplified55.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  14. Taylor expanded in b around 0 28.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
  15. Final simplification28.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \]
  16. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024101 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))