
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* s (expm1 (log1p (* PI (* r 6.0)))))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (s * expm1f(log1pf((((float) M_PI) * (r * 6.0f)))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(s * expm1(log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * Float32(6.0))))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{s \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot 6\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
expm1-log1p-u99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* s (* PI (* r 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (s * (((float) M_PI) * (r * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (s * (single(pi) * (r * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* s (* 6.0 (* PI r)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (s * (6.0f * (((float) M_PI) * r)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (s * (single(6.0) * (single(pi) * r))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{s \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* r (* 6.0 (* s PI)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (r * (6.0f * (s * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (r * (single(6.0) * (s * single(pi)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* 6.0 (* PI (* s r)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (6.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (s * r)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (single(6.0) * (single(pi) * (s * r))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* s (* 6.0 (* PI r))))) (* (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (s * (6.0f * (((float) M_PI) * r))))) + ((expf((r / -s)) / r) * ((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * r))))) + Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (s * (single(6.0) * (single(pi) * r))))) + ((exp((r / -s)) / r) * ((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{s \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* PI (* s r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * (s * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.3%
*-commutative9.3%
add-sqr-sqrt9.3%
sqrt-unprod9.1%
sqr-neg9.1%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt4.4%
distribute-rgt-neg-in4.4%
distribute-rgt-neg-in4.4%
*-commutative4.4%
log1p-expm1-u7.5%
*-commutative7.5%
*-commutative7.5%
distribute-lft-neg-in7.5%
distribute-rgt-neg-in7.5%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod11.9%
sqr-neg11.9%
sqrt-unprod12.1%
add-sqr-sqrt12.1%
associate-*l*12.1%
*-commutative12.1%
Applied egg-rr12.1%
Final simplification12.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (- (* (/ r (* s PI)) 0.0625) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI)) s) (/ 0.25 (* PI r))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((((r / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * 0.0625f) - (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s) + (0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(0.0625)) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((((r / (s * single(pi))) * single(0.0625)) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s) + (single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{r}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot 0.0625 - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s} + \frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
*-lft-identity99.6%
associate-*l/99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
exp-prod96.9%
metadata-eval96.9%
associate-*r/96.9%
metadata-eval96.9%
Simplified96.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.0%
+-commutative10.0%
Simplified10.0%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 10.0%
associate-*r/10.0%
metadata-eval10.0%
Simplified10.0%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.3%
mul-1-neg10.3%
mul-1-neg10.3%
*-commutative10.3%
associate-*r/10.3%
metadata-eval10.3%
associate-*r/10.3%
metadata-eval10.3%
*-commutative10.3%
Simplified10.3%
Final simplification10.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 (* PI r)) (/ (/ 0.16666666666666666 s) PI)) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - ((0.16666666666666666f / s) / ((float) M_PI))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s) / Float32(pi))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - ((single(0.16666666666666666) / s) / single(pi))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
*-lft-identity99.6%
associate-*l/99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
exp-prod96.9%
metadata-eval96.9%
associate-*r/96.9%
metadata-eval96.9%
Simplified96.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.0%
+-commutative10.0%
Simplified10.0%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 10.0%
associate-*r/10.0%
metadata-eval10.0%
Simplified10.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.6%
associate-*r/9.6%
metadata-eval9.6%
associate-*r/9.6%
metadata-eval9.6%
*-commutative9.6%
associate-/r*9.6%
Simplified9.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 r) (* s PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / r) / (s * ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / r) / (s * single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.8%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.8%
associate-*r/9.8%
*-commutative9.8%
times-frac9.8%
mul-1-neg9.8%
distribute-neg-frac29.8%
Simplified9.8%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.3%
associate-/r*9.4%
*-commutative9.4%
Simplified9.4%
Final simplification9.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.3%
herbie shell --seed 2024100
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))