NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 78.1% → 99.7%
Time: 10.6s
Alternatives: 5
Speedup: 1.9×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 5 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 78.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (+ b a))) (* b a)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (b + a))) / (b * a);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (Math.PI / (b + a))) / (b * a);
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * (math.pi / (b + a))) / (b * a)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(b + a))) / Float64(b * a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (b + a))) / (b * a);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 75.8%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares89.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr90.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    3. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    5. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    6. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  11. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b \cdot a}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b}}{b \cdot a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a + b}}}{b \cdot a} \]
    3. +-commutative99.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{b + a}}}{b \cdot a} \]
  13. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b \cdot a}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 76.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 8.6 \cdot 10^{-73}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 8.6e-73)
   (* (* 0.5 (/ PI a)) (/ 1.0 (* b a)))
   (/ (* 0.5 PI) (* (* b a) (- b a)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 8.6e-73) {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * ((double) M_PI)) / ((b * a) * (b - a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 8.6e-73) {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * Math.PI) / ((b * a) * (b - a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 8.6e-73:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a))
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * math.pi) / ((b * a) * (b - a))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 8.6e-73)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / a)) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(b * a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * pi) / Float64(Float64(b * a) * Float64(b - a)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 8.6e-73)
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * pi) / ((b * a) * (b - a));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 8.6e-73], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 8.6 \cdot 10^{-73}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 8.5999999999999998e-73

    1. Initial program 79.5%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv79.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*92.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr92.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-*r/99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
      3. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
      5. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      6. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
    8. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    11. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b \cdot a}} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in a around inf 72.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a} \]

    if 8.5999999999999998e-73 < b

    1. Initial program 69.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative69.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*69.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      3. associate-*r/69.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. associate-*r*69.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. *-rgt-identity69.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      6. sub-neg69.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. distribute-neg-frac69.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval69.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified69.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity69.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. difference-of-squares86.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt0.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      6. frac-times93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      7. metadata-eval93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      8. metadata-eval93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      9. frac-times93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      12. div-inv93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      13. metadata-eval93.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr93.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/93.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
      2. *-lft-identity93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}}{b + a} \]
      3. associate-/l*93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}}}{b + a} \]
      4. associate-*l/93.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
      5. +-commutative93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \]
      6. +-commutative93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \]
      7. *-commutative93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a} \]
    8. Simplified93.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in b around 0 93.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-times93.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr93.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification80.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 8.6 \cdot 10^{-73}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.0% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 PI) (* (+ b a) (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * ((double) M_PI)) / ((b + a) * (b * a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * Math.PI) / ((b + a) * (b * a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * math.pi) / ((b + a) * (b * a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * pi) / Float64(Float64(b + a) * Float64(b * a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * pi) / ((b + a) * (b * a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 75.8%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares89.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr90.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    3. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    5. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    6. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  11. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b \cdot a}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b}} \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{b + a}} \]
    3. frac-times99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    4. *-un-lft-identity99.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)} \]
  13. Applied egg-rr99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
  14. Final simplification99.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 64.0% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (* 0.5 (/ PI a)) (/ 1.0 (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (Math.PI / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * (math.pi / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / a)) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(b * a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * (pi / a)) * (1.0 / (b * a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 75.8%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares89.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr90.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    3. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    5. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    6. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  11. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b \cdot a}} \]
  12. Taylor expanded in a around inf 65.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot a} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 30.5% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* (/ PI a) -0.5) (* b a)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / a) * -0.5) / (b * a);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / a) * -0.5) / (b * a);
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / a) * -0.5) / (b * a)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / a) * -0.5) / Float64(b * a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / a) * -0.5) / (b * a);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 75.8%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    3. associate-*r/75.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. associate-*r*75.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. *-rgt-identity75.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    6. sub-neg75.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. distribute-neg-frac75.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval75.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified75.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity75.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. difference-of-squares89.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    3. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt46.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod76.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    6. frac-times76.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval76.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    8. metadata-eval76.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    9. frac-times76.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod38.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt69.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    12. div-inv69.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    13. metadata-eval69.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr69.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/69.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
    2. *-lft-identity69.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}}{b + a} \]
    3. associate-/l*69.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}}}{b + a} \]
    4. associate-*l/69.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. +-commutative69.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \]
    6. +-commutative69.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \]
    7. *-commutative69.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified69.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in b around 0 69.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in b around 0 36.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/36.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity36.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}}{a \cdot b} \]
    3. *-commutative36.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot -0.5}}{a \cdot b} \]
    4. *-commutative36.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr36.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024096 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))