
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 15 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (fma (/ (/ 0.125 PI) s) (/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r) (* (/ 0.125 (* PI s)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return fmaf(((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / s), (expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r), ((0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * s)) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)));
}
function code(s, r) return fma(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / s), Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r), Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * s)) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{s}, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
+-commutative99.3%
times-frac99.4%
fma-define99.4%
associate-*l*99.3%
associate-/r*99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
neg-mul-199.3%
times-frac99.4%
metadata-eval99.4%
times-frac99.4%
Simplified99.4%
add-exp-log99.4%
Applied egg-rr99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.4%
associate-/l/99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 0.125 (* PI s))))
(fma
t_0
(/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r)
(* t_0 (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
float t_0 = 0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * s);
return fmaf(t_0, (expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r), (t_0 * (expf((r / -s)) / r)));
}
function code(s, r) t_0 = Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * s)) return fma(t_0, Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r), Float32(t_0 * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot s}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}, t\_0 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
+-commutative99.3%
times-frac99.4%
fma-define99.4%
associate-*l*99.3%
associate-/r*99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
neg-mul-199.3%
times-frac99.4%
metadata-eval99.4%
times-frac99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* s (* r (* PI 2.0)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r)))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((r / -s))) / (s * (r * (((float) M_PI) * 2.0f)))) + ((0.75f * expf((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r)))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(s * Float32(r * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((r / -s))) / (s * (r * (single(pi) * single(2.0))))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.4%
associate-*r/99.4%
associate-*l/99.4%
associate-/r/99.3%
Simplified99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
associate-*r*99.3%
add-exp-log99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
Applied egg-rr99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
associate-*r*99.3%
associate-*r*99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
associate-*l*99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* PI s)) (+ (/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * s)) * ((expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r) + (expf((r / -s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * s)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (single(pi) * s)) * ((exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r) + (exp((r / -s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot s} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* PI r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * r))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
Simplified9.2%
log1p-expm1-u44.2%
Applied egg-rr44.2%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(*
(* 0.125 (/ (/ 1.0 s) PI))
(+
(/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)
(-
(/ 1.0 r)
(/ (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* (/ r s) -0.05555555555555555)) s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f * ((1.0f / s) / ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + ((1.0f / r) - ((0.3333333333333333f + ((r / s) * -0.05555555555555555f)) / s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / s) / Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.05555555555555555))) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) * ((single(1.0) / s) / single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) / r) - ((single(0.3333333333333333) + ((r / s) * single(-0.05555555555555555))) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{s}}{\pi}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.05555555555555555}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
pow-exp99.4%
expm1-log1p-u99.4%
expm1-undefine97.3%
pow-exp97.3%
Applied egg-rr97.3%
expm1-define99.1%
exp-prod99.4%
associate-*r/99.3%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/r/99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
clear-num11.1%
associate-/r/11.1%
associate-/r*11.2%
Applied egg-rr11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (- (/ 1.0 r) (/ (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* (/ r s) -0.05555555555555555)) s))) (* (/ 0.125 s) (/ 1.0 PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + ((1.0f / r) - ((0.3333333333333333f + ((r / s) * -0.05555555555555555f)) / s))) * ((0.125f / s) * (1.0f / ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.05555555555555555))) / s))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) / r) - ((single(0.3333333333333333) + ((r / s) * single(-0.05555555555555555))) / s))) * ((single(0.125) / s) * (single(1.0) / single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.05555555555555555}{s}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{0.125}{s} \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
pow-exp99.4%
expm1-log1p-u99.4%
expm1-undefine97.3%
pow-exp97.3%
Applied egg-rr97.3%
expm1-define99.1%
exp-prod99.4%
associate-*r/99.3%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/r/99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
associate-/r*11.2%
div-inv11.2%
Applied egg-rr11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(*
(/ 0.125 (* PI s))
(+
(/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)
(-
(/ 1.0 r)
(/ (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* (/ r s) -0.05555555555555555)) s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * s)) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + ((1.0f / r) - ((0.3333333333333333f + ((r / s) * -0.05555555555555555f)) / s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * s)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.05555555555555555))) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (single(pi) * s)) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) / r) - ((single(0.3333333333333333) + ((r / s) * single(-0.05555555555555555))) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot s} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.05555555555555555}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
pow-exp99.4%
expm1-log1p-u99.4%
expm1-undefine97.3%
pow-exp97.3%
Applied egg-rr97.3%
expm1-define99.1%
exp-prod99.4%
associate-*r/99.3%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/r/99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (* 0.125 (/ (/ 1.0 s) PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (+ (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r)) 1.0) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f * ((1.0f / s) / ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r)) + 1.0f) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / s) / Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r)) + Float32(1.0)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) * ((single(1.0) / s) / single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r)) + single(1.0)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{s}}{\pi}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}} + 1}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.2%
associate-*r/10.2%
associate-*l/10.2%
associate-/r/10.2%
Simplified10.2%
clear-num11.1%
associate-/r/11.1%
associate-/r*11.2%
Applied egg-rr10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* PI s)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (- (/ 1.0 r) (/ 0.3333333333333333 s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * s)) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + ((1.0f / r) - (0.3333333333333333f / s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * s)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (single(pi) * s)) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) / r) - (single(0.3333333333333333) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot s} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
pow-exp99.4%
expm1-log1p-u99.4%
expm1-undefine97.3%
pow-exp97.3%
Applied egg-rr97.3%
expm1-define99.1%
exp-prod99.4%
associate-*r/99.3%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/r/99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.2%
associate-*r/10.2%
metadata-eval10.2%
Simplified10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 s) (/ (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ 1.0 r)) PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / s) * (((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (1.0f / r)) / ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r)) / Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / s) * (((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (single(1.0) / r)) / single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s} \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.7%
associate-*r/9.7%
times-frac9.7%
mul-1-neg9.7%
distribute-neg-frac29.7%
Simplified9.7%
Final simplification9.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) 1.0) (* s (* PI r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + 1.0f) / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + Float32(1.0)) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + single(1.0)) / (s * (single(pi) * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + 1}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.7%
associate-*r/9.7%
neg-mul-19.7%
*-commutative9.7%
Simplified9.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
*-commutative9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
Simplified9.7%
Final simplification9.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) 1.0) (* r (* PI s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + 1.0f) / (r * (((float) M_PI) * s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + Float32(1.0)) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(pi) * s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + single(1.0)) / (r * (single(pi) * s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + 1}{r \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.7%
associate-*r/9.7%
neg-mul-19.7%
*-commutative9.7%
Simplified9.7%
Final simplification9.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 r) (* PI s)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / r) / (((float) M_PI) * s);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(Float32(pi) * s)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / r) / (single(pi) * s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{\pi \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
associate-/r*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* PI s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (((float) M_PI) * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(pi) * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (single(pi) * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024096
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))