
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (angle / 180.0);
return pow((a * cos(t_0)), 2.0) + pow((b * sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = Math.PI * (angle / 180.0);
return Math.pow((a * Math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle): t_0 = math.pi * (angle / 180.0) return math.pow((a * math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin(t_0)), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle) t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(angle / 180.0)) return Float64((Float64(a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) t_0 = pi * (angle / 180.0); tmp = ((a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Power[N[(a * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\
{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (angle / 180.0);
return pow((a * cos(t_0)), 2.0) + pow((b * sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = Math.PI * (angle / 180.0);
return Math.pow((a * Math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle): t_0 = math.pi * (angle / 180.0) return math.pow((a * math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin(t_0)), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle) t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(angle / 180.0)) return Float64((Float64(a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) t_0 = pi * (angle / 180.0); tmp = ((a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Power[N[(a * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\
{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (+ (pow a 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* PI (/ 1.0 (/ 180.0 angle))))) 2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return pow(a, 2.0) + pow((b * sin((((double) M_PI) * (1.0 / (180.0 / angle))))), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin((Math.PI * (1.0 / (180.0 / angle))))), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle): return math.pow(a, 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin((math.pi * (1.0 / (180.0 / angle))))), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(Float64(pi * Float64(1.0 / Float64(180.0 / angle))))) ^ 2.0)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin((pi * (1.0 / (180.0 / angle))))) ^ 2.0); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[N[(Pi * N[(1.0 / N[(180.0 / angle), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
metadata-eval78.3%
div-inv78.4%
clear-num78.4%
Applied egg-rr78.4%
Final simplification78.4%
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (+ (pow a 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* angle (* PI 0.005555555555555556)))) 2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return pow(a, 2.0) + pow((b * sin((angle * (((double) M_PI) * 0.005555555555555556)))), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin((angle * (Math.PI * 0.005555555555555556)))), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle): return math.pow(a, 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin((angle * (math.pi * 0.005555555555555556)))), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(Float64(angle * Float64(pi * 0.005555555555555556)))) ^ 2.0)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin((angle * (pi * 0.005555555555555556)))) ^ 2.0); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[N[(angle * N[(Pi * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
Taylor expanded in angle around inf 78.3%
associate-*r*78.3%
*-commutative78.3%
associate-*r*78.4%
Simplified78.4%
Final simplification78.4%
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (+ (pow a 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (/ PI (/ 180.0 angle)))) 2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return pow(a, 2.0) + pow((b * sin((((double) M_PI) / (180.0 / angle)))), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin((Math.PI / (180.0 / angle)))), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle): return math.pow(a, 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin((math.pi / (180.0 / angle)))), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(Float64(pi / Float64(180.0 / angle)))) ^ 2.0)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin((pi / (180.0 / angle)))) ^ 2.0); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[N[(Pi / N[(180.0 / angle), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
metadata-eval78.3%
div-inv78.4%
clear-num78.4%
un-div-inv78.4%
Applied egg-rr78.4%
Final simplification78.4%
(FPCore (a b angle)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* PI (* angle 0.005555555555555556))))
(if (<= angle 58000000000000.0)
(+
(pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0)
(* 0.005555555555555556 (* PI (* (* b t_0) (* b angle)))))
(+
(pow a 2.0)
(* t_0 (* b (* PI (* angle (* b 0.005555555555555556)))))))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (angle * 0.005555555555555556);
double tmp;
if (angle <= 58000000000000.0) {
tmp = pow((a * cos(t_0)), 2.0) + (0.005555555555555556 * (((double) M_PI) * ((b * t_0) * (b * angle))));
} else {
tmp = pow(a, 2.0) + (t_0 * (b * (((double) M_PI) * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))));
}
return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = Math.PI * (angle * 0.005555555555555556);
double tmp;
if (angle <= 58000000000000.0) {
tmp = Math.pow((a * Math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + (0.005555555555555556 * (Math.PI * ((b * t_0) * (b * angle))));
} else {
tmp = Math.pow(a, 2.0) + (t_0 * (b * (Math.PI * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, angle): t_0 = math.pi * (angle * 0.005555555555555556) tmp = 0 if angle <= 58000000000000.0: tmp = math.pow((a * math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + (0.005555555555555556 * (math.pi * ((b * t_0) * (b * angle)))) else: tmp = math.pow(a, 2.0) + (t_0 * (b * (math.pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556))))) return tmp
function code(a, b, angle) t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(angle * 0.005555555555555556)) tmp = 0.0 if (angle <= 58000000000000.0) tmp = Float64((Float64(a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(pi * Float64(Float64(b * t_0) * Float64(b * angle))))); else tmp = Float64((a ^ 2.0) + Float64(t_0 * Float64(b * Float64(pi * Float64(angle * Float64(b * 0.005555555555555556)))))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle) t_0 = pi * (angle * 0.005555555555555556); tmp = 0.0; if (angle <= 58000000000000.0) tmp = ((a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + (0.005555555555555556 * (pi * ((b * t_0) * (b * angle)))); else tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + (t_0 * (b * (pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556))))); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(angle * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[angle, 58000000000000.0], N[(N[Power[N[(a * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(Pi * N[(N[(b * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * angle), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$0 * N[(b * N[(Pi * N[(angle * N[(b * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \left(angle \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;angle \leq 58000000000000:\\
\;\;\;\;{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot angle\right)\right)\right)\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;{a}^{2} + t\_0 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right)\right)\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if angle < 5.8e13Initial program 82.9%
Simplified82.9%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
associate-*r*78.3%
*-commutative78.3%
associate-*r*78.3%
Simplified78.3%
unpow278.3%
associate-*r*78.4%
associate-*l*78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
associate-*r*78.4%
metadata-eval78.4%
div-inv78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
associate-*l*78.4%
div-inv78.4%
metadata-eval78.4%
Applied egg-rr78.4%
associate-*r*78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
associate-*l*78.4%
associate-*r*78.3%
*-commutative78.3%
*-commutative78.3%
associate-*r*78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
Simplified78.4%
if 5.8e13 < angle Initial program 63.8%
Simplified63.8%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 65.2%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 54.8%
unpow254.8%
*-commutative54.8%
associate-*r*54.8%
*-commutative54.8%
*-commutative54.8%
associate-*r*54.8%
associate-*r*61.5%
associate-*l*61.5%
*-commutative61.5%
associate-*r*61.5%
*-commutative61.5%
*-commutative61.5%
Applied egg-rr61.5%
Final simplification74.1%
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (+ (pow a 2.0) (* (* b 0.005555555555555556) (* (* PI angle) (* angle (* b (* PI 0.005555555555555556)))))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return pow(a, 2.0) + ((b * 0.005555555555555556) * ((((double) M_PI) * angle) * (angle * (b * (((double) M_PI) * 0.005555555555555556)))));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + ((b * 0.005555555555555556) * ((Math.PI * angle) * (angle * (b * (Math.PI * 0.005555555555555556)))));
}
def code(a, b, angle): return math.pow(a, 2.0) + ((b * 0.005555555555555556) * ((math.pi * angle) * (angle * (b * (math.pi * 0.005555555555555556)))))
function code(a, b, angle) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + Float64(Float64(b * 0.005555555555555556) * Float64(Float64(pi * angle) * Float64(angle * Float64(b * Float64(pi * 0.005555555555555556)))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + ((b * 0.005555555555555556) * ((pi * angle) * (angle * (b * (pi * 0.005555555555555556))))); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(b * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(Pi * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(angle * N[(b * N[(Pi * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{2} + \left(b \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 72.3%
unpow272.3%
associate-*r*72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
associate-*r*72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
associate-*r*72.4%
associate-*l*70.9%
*-commutative70.9%
associate-*l*70.9%
*-commutative70.9%
Applied egg-rr70.9%
pow170.9%
associate-*r*70.9%
*-commutative70.9%
associate-*l*70.9%
associate-*l*70.9%
*-commutative70.9%
associate-*l*70.9%
Applied egg-rr70.9%
unpow170.9%
*-commutative70.9%
Simplified70.9%
Final simplification70.9%
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (* angle (* b 0.005555555555555556))))) (+ (pow a 2.0) (* t_0 t_0))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556));
return pow(a, 2.0) + (t_0 * t_0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
double t_0 = Math.PI * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556));
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + (t_0 * t_0);
}
def code(a, b, angle): t_0 = math.pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)) return math.pow(a, 2.0) + (t_0 * t_0)
function code(a, b, angle) t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(angle * Float64(b * 0.005555555555555556))) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + Float64(t_0 * t_0)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) t_0 = pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)); tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + (t_0 * t_0); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(angle * N[(b * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\\
{a}^{2} + t\_0 \cdot t\_0
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 72.3%
*-commutative72.3%
associate-*r*72.3%
*-commutative72.3%
*-commutative72.3%
associate-*r*72.4%
pow272.4%
associate-*l*72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
associate-*l*72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
Applied egg-rr72.4%
Final simplification72.4%
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (+ (pow a 2.0) (* (* PI (* angle 0.005555555555555556)) (* b (* PI (* angle (* b 0.005555555555555556)))))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return pow(a, 2.0) + ((((double) M_PI) * (angle * 0.005555555555555556)) * (b * (((double) M_PI) * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + ((Math.PI * (angle * 0.005555555555555556)) * (b * (Math.PI * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))));
}
def code(a, b, angle): return math.pow(a, 2.0) + ((math.pi * (angle * 0.005555555555555556)) * (b * (math.pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))))
function code(a, b, angle) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(angle * 0.005555555555555556)) * Float64(b * Float64(pi * Float64(angle * Float64(b * 0.005555555555555556)))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + ((pi * (angle * 0.005555555555555556)) * (b * (pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556))))); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(Pi * N[(angle * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * N[(Pi * N[(angle * N[(b * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{2} + \left(\pi \cdot \left(angle \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 72.3%
unpow272.3%
*-commutative72.3%
associate-*r*72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
associate-*r*72.4%
associate-*r*72.6%
associate-*l*72.6%
*-commutative72.6%
associate-*r*72.6%
*-commutative72.6%
*-commutative72.6%
Applied egg-rr72.6%
Final simplification72.6%
(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (+ (pow a 2.0) (* (* (* b 0.005555555555555556) (* PI (* angle (* b 0.005555555555555556)))) (* PI angle))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return pow(a, 2.0) + (((b * 0.005555555555555556) * (((double) M_PI) * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))) * (((double) M_PI) * angle));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
return Math.pow(a, 2.0) + (((b * 0.005555555555555556) * (Math.PI * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))) * (Math.PI * angle));
}
def code(a, b, angle): return math.pow(a, 2.0) + (((b * 0.005555555555555556) * (math.pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))) * (math.pi * angle))
function code(a, b, angle) return Float64((a ^ 2.0) + Float64(Float64(Float64(b * 0.005555555555555556) * Float64(pi * Float64(angle * Float64(b * 0.005555555555555556)))) * Float64(pi * angle))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle) tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + (((b * 0.005555555555555556) * (pi * (angle * (b * 0.005555555555555556)))) * (pi * angle)); end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[(b * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi * N[(angle * N[(b * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi * angle), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{2} + \left(\left(b \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot angle\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 78.1%
Simplified78.1%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 78.3%
Taylor expanded in angle around 0 72.3%
unpow272.3%
*-commutative72.3%
associate-*r*72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
*-commutative72.4%
associate-*r*72.4%
associate-*r*72.4%
associate-*r*72.6%
associate-*l*72.6%
*-commutative72.6%
*-commutative72.6%
Applied egg-rr72.6%
Final simplification72.6%
herbie shell --seed 2024096
(FPCore (a b angle)
:name "ab-angle->ABCF C"
:precision binary64
(+ (pow (* a (cos (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0)))