Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)

Percentage Accurate: 76.0% → 96.7%
Time: 22.3s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: 1.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 76.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(0.5 \cdot \left(n + m\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos M) (exp (- (- n m) (+ l (pow (- (* 0.5 (+ n m)) M) 2.0))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) * exp(((n - m) - (l + pow(((0.5 * (n + m)) - M), 2.0))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) * exp(((n - m) - (l + (((0.5d0 * (n + m)) - m_1) ** 2.0d0))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((n - m) - (l + Math.pow(((0.5 * (n + m)) - M), 2.0))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) * math.exp(((n - m) - (l + math.pow(((0.5 * (n + m)) - M), 2.0))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(n - m) - Float64(l + (Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(n + m)) - M) ^ 2.0)))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) * exp(((n - m) - (l + (((0.5 * (n + m)) - M) ^ 2.0))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision] - N[(l + N[Power[N[(N[(0.5 * N[(n + m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(0.5 \cdot \left(n + m\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified79.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}} \]
    2. sqrt-unprod79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}} \]
    3. pow-prod-up79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}} \]
    4. div-inv79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}} \]
    5. fma-neg79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}} \]
    6. metadata-eval79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}} \]
    7. metadata-eval79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr79.3%

    \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sqrt-pow179.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
    3. fma-neg79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\color{blue}{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}}^{2}} \]
    4. metadata-eval79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. div-inv79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\color{blue}{\frac{m + n}{2}} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. unpow279.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right) \cdot \left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}} \]
    7. div-inv79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right) \cdot \left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)} \]
    9. +-commutative79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)} \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)} \]
    10. div-inv79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)} \]
    11. metadata-eval79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} - M\right)} \]
    12. +-commutative79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)} \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr79.2%

    \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
  10. Simplified97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l-97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right)}} \]
    2. add-sqr-sqrt46.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}}\right| - \left(\ell + \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sqr46.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}} - \left(\ell + \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right)} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right)} - \left(\ell + \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right)} \]
    5. pow297.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + \color{blue}{{\left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}\right)} \]
    6. fma-neg97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(n + m, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr97.3%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(n + m, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  13. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{m + n}, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    2. fma-neg97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\color{blue}{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(m + n\right)} - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)} - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
  14. Simplified97.3%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right) - \left(\ell + {\left(0.5 \cdot \left(n + m\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 69.4% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{-164}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -1660000.0)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow m 2.0))))
   (if (<= m 3.8e-164)
     (* (cos M) (exp (- (* M (- n M)) (- l (fabs (- n m))))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow n 2.0)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1660000.0) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else if (m <= 3.8e-164) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - fabs((n - m)))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-1660000.0d0)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (m ** 2.0d0)))
    else if (m <= 3.8d-164) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((m_1 * (n - m_1)) - (l - abs((n - m)))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (n ** 2.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1660000.0) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else if (m <= 3.8e-164) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - Math.abs((n - m)))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -1660000.0:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(m, 2.0)))
	elif m <= 3.8e-164:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - math.fabs((n - m)))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(n, 2.0)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -1660000.0)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0))));
	elseif (m <= 3.8e-164)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(M * Float64(n - M)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(n - m))))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -1660000.0)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0)));
	elseif (m <= 3.8e-164)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - abs((n - m)))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -1660000.0], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[m, 3.8e-164], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[n, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{-164}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if m < -1.66e6

    1. Initial program 75.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified75.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in m around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]

    if -1.66e6 < m < 3.79999999999999989e-164

    1. Initial program 89.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified89.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 94.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg94.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified94.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 75.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative75.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow275.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out79.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified79.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in m around 0 79.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + -1 \cdot \left(M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--r+79.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - -1 \cdot \left(M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. fabs-sub79.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\color{blue}{\left|m - n\right|} - \ell\right) - -1 \cdot \left(M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-*r*79.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|m - n\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot M\right) \cdot \left(n - M\right)}} \]
      4. neg-mul-179.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|m - n\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-M\right)} \cdot \left(n - M\right)} \]
      5. cancel-sign-sub79.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|m - n\right| - \ell\right) + M \cdot \left(n - M\right)}} \]
    12. Simplified79.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|m - n\right| - \ell\right) + M \cdot \left(n - M\right)}} \]

    if 3.79999999999999989e-164 < m

    1. Initial program 72.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified72.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around inf 59.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{-164}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 65.2% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1.18 \cdot 10^{-222}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -1660000.0)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow m 2.0))))
   (if (<= m 1.18e-222)
     (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow n 2.0)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1660000.0) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else if (m <= 1.18e-222) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-1660000.0d0)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (m ** 2.0d0)))
    else if (m <= 1.18d-222) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (n ** 2.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1660000.0) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else if (m <= 1.18e-222) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -1660000.0:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(m, 2.0)))
	elif m <= 1.18e-222:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(n, 2.0)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -1660000.0)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0))));
	elseif (m <= 1.18e-222)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -1660000.0)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0)));
	elseif (m <= 1.18e-222)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -1660000.0], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[m, 1.18e-222], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[n, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1.18 \cdot 10^{-222}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if m < -1.66e6

    1. Initial program 75.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified75.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in m around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]

    if -1.66e6 < m < 1.18000000000000007e-222

    1. Initial program 92.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified92.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 94.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg94.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified94.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in M around inf 71.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg71.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    9. Simplified71.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if 1.18000000000000007e-222 < m

    1. Initial program 72.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg97.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified97.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around inf 60.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 69.1% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -6.2 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{-32}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= M -6.2) (not (<= M 2.35e-32)))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -6.2) || !(M <= 2.35e-32)) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((m_1 <= (-6.2d0)) .or. (.not. (m_1 <= 2.35d-32))) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -6.2) || !(M <= 2.35e-32)) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if (M <= -6.2) or not (M <= 2.35e-32):
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((M <= -6.2) || !(M <= 2.35e-32))
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((M <= -6.2) || ~((M <= 2.35e-32)))
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[Or[LessEqual[M, -6.2], N[Not[LessEqual[M, 2.35e-32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -6.2 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{-32}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if M < -6.20000000000000018 or 2.3500000000000001e-32 < M

    1. Initial program 77.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified77.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in M around inf 94.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg94.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    9. Simplified94.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if -6.20000000000000018 < M < 2.3500000000000001e-32

    1. Initial program 80.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified80.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 94.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg94.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified94.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 49.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-149.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Simplified49.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -6.2 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{-32}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 58.2% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{-181}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(m \cdot -0.5\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -1660000.0)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow m 2.0))))
   (if (<= m 1.05e-181)
     (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (* n (* m -0.5)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1660000.0) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else if (m <= 1.05e-181) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (m * -0.5)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-1660000.0d0)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (m ** 2.0d0)))
    else if (m <= 1.05d-181) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((n * (m * (-0.5d0))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1660000.0) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else if (m <= 1.05e-181) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((n * (m * -0.5)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -1660000.0:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(m, 2.0)))
	elif m <= 1.05e-181:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((n * (m * -0.5)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -1660000.0)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0))));
	elseif (m <= 1.05e-181)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(n * Float64(m * -0.5))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -1660000.0)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0)));
	elseif (m <= 1.05e-181)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (m * -0.5)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -1660000.0], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[m, 1.05e-181], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(n * N[(m * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{-181}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(m \cdot -0.5\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if m < -1.66e6

    1. Initial program 75.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified75.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in m around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]

    if -1.66e6 < m < 1.05000000000000002e-181

    1. Initial program 89.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified89.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 94.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg94.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified94.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in M around inf 69.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg69.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    9. Simplified69.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if 1.05000000000000002e-181 < m

    1. Initial program 73.1%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified73.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 72.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative72.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow272.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out80.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified80.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 38.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 34.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \left(m \cdot n\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*34.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot n}} \]
      2. *-commutative34.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot -0.5\right)} \cdot n} \]
    13. Simplified34.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot -0.5\right) \cdot n}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification60.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1660000:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{-181}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(m \cdot -0.5\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 60.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -260:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot K\right) - M\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{-20}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{M}{m} - n \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l -260.0)
   (* (exp l) (cos (- (* 0.5 (* (+ n m) K)) M)))
   (if (<= l 1.5e-20)
     (* (cos M) (exp (* m (- (* n (/ M m)) (* n 0.5)))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (- l))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -260.0) {
		tmp = exp(l) * cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M));
	} else if (l <= 1.5e-20) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((m * ((n * (M / m)) - (n * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= (-260.0d0)) then
        tmp = exp(l) * cos(((0.5d0 * ((n + m) * k)) - m_1))
    else if (l <= 1.5d-20) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((m * ((n * (m_1 / m)) - (n * 0.5d0))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -260.0) {
		tmp = Math.exp(l) * Math.cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M));
	} else if (l <= 1.5e-20) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((m * ((n * (M / m)) - (n * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= -260.0:
		tmp = math.exp(l) * math.cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M))
	elif l <= 1.5e-20:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((m * ((n * (M / m)) - (n * 0.5))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= -260.0)
		tmp = Float64(exp(l) * cos(Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(n + m) * K)) - M)));
	elseif (l <= 1.5e-20)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(m * Float64(Float64(n * Float64(M / m)) - Float64(n * 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= -260.0)
		tmp = exp(l) * cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M));
	elseif (l <= 1.5e-20)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((m * ((n * (M / m)) - (n * 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, -260.0], N[(N[Exp[l], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(0.5 * N[(N[(n + m), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[l, 1.5e-20], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(m * N[(N[(n * N[(M / m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -260:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot K\right) - M\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{-20}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{M}{m} - n \cdot 0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if l < -260

    1. Initial program 73.2%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified73.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube73.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right)}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      2. pow373.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right)}^{3}}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      3. *-commutative73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right)} - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      4. div-inv73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(K \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      5. associate-*l*73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(\color{blue}{K \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)} - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      6. *-commutative73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      7. metadata-eval73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr73.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)}^{3}}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in l around inf 18.7%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-122.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    8. Simplified18.7%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. rem-cbrt-cube18.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)} \cdot e^{-\ell} \]
      2. *-commutative18.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-\ell} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)} \]
      3. add-sqr-sqrt18.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      4. sqrt-unprod18.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      5. sqr-neg18.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      6. sqrt-unprod0.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt54.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\ell}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      8. associate-*r*54.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(K \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right) \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \]
      9. +-commutative54.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \]
    10. Applied egg-rr54.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(\left(K \cdot \left(n + m\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]

    if -260 < l < 1.50000000000000014e-20

    1. Initial program 82.6%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified82.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg97.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified97.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 71.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative71.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow271.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified79.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 40.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in m around -inf 40.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(m \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{M \cdot n}{m} + 0.5 \cdot n\right)\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-m \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{M \cdot n}{m} + 0.5 \cdot n\right)}} \]
      2. distribute-rgt-neg-in40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{m \cdot \left(-\left(-1 \cdot \frac{M \cdot n}{m} + 0.5 \cdot n\right)\right)}} \]
      3. +-commutative40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot n + -1 \cdot \frac{M \cdot n}{m}\right)}\right)} \]
      4. mul-1-neg40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(-\left(0.5 \cdot n + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{M \cdot n}{m}\right)}\right)\right)} \]
      5. unsub-neg40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot n - \frac{M \cdot n}{m}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. *-commutative40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(-\left(\color{blue}{n \cdot 0.5} - \frac{M \cdot n}{m}\right)\right)} \]
      7. *-commutative40.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(-\left(n \cdot 0.5 - \frac{\color{blue}{n \cdot M}}{m}\right)\right)} \]
      8. associate-/l*44.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(-\left(n \cdot 0.5 - \color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{M}{m}}\right)\right)} \]
    13. Simplified44.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{m \cdot \left(-\left(n \cdot 0.5 - n \cdot \frac{M}{m}\right)\right)}} \]

    if 1.50000000000000014e-20 < l

    1. Initial program 78.1%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified78.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 95.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-195.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Simplified95.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -260:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot K\right) - M\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{-20}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{m \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{M}{m} - n \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 60.1% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -260:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot K\right) - M\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l -260.0)
   (* (exp l) (cos (- (* 0.5 (* (+ n m) K)) M)))
   (if (<= l 3.45e-15)
     (* (cos M) (exp (* n (- M (* m 0.5)))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (- l))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -260.0) {
		tmp = exp(l) * cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M));
	} else if (l <= 3.45e-15) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= (-260.0d0)) then
        tmp = exp(l) * cos(((0.5d0 * ((n + m) * k)) - m_1))
    else if (l <= 3.45d-15) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((n * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -260.0) {
		tmp = Math.exp(l) * Math.cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M));
	} else if (l <= 3.45e-15) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= -260.0:
		tmp = math.exp(l) * math.cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M))
	elif l <= 3.45e-15:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= -260.0)
		tmp = Float64(exp(l) * cos(Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(n + m) * K)) - M)));
	elseif (l <= 3.45e-15)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(n * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= -260.0)
		tmp = exp(l) * cos(((0.5 * ((n + m) * K)) - M));
	elseif (l <= 3.45e-15)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, -260.0], N[(N[Exp[l], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(0.5 * N[(N[(n + m), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[l, 3.45e-15], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(n * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -260:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot K\right) - M\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if l < -260

    1. Initial program 73.2%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified73.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube73.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right)}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      2. pow373.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right)}^{3}}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      3. *-commutative73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right)} - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      4. div-inv73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(K \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      5. associate-*l*73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(\color{blue}{K \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)} - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      6. *-commutative73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
      7. metadata-eval73.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr73.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)}^{3}}} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in l around inf 18.7%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-122.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    8. Simplified18.7%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)}^{3}} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. rem-cbrt-cube18.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)} \cdot e^{-\ell} \]
      2. *-commutative18.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-\ell} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right)} \]
      3. add-sqr-sqrt18.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      4. sqrt-unprod18.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      5. sqr-neg18.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      6. sqrt-unprod0.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt54.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\ell}} \cdot \cos \left(K \cdot \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - M\right) \]
      8. associate-*r*54.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(K \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right) \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \]
      9. +-commutative54.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \]
    10. Applied egg-rr54.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(\left(K \cdot \left(n + m\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]

    if -260 < l < 3.45000000000000005e-15

    1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified82.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg97.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified97.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 71.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative71.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow271.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out79.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified79.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]

    if 3.45000000000000005e-15 < l

    1. Initial program 77.8%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified77.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 96.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-196.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Simplified96.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification59.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -260:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell} \cdot \cos \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot K\right) - M\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 48.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-145}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(m \cdot -0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l 2.4e-145)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* M n)))
   (if (<= l 3.45e-15)
     (* (cos M) (exp (* n (* m -0.5))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (- l))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 2.4e-145) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((M * n));
	} else if (l <= 3.45e-15) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (m * -0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= 2.4d-145) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((m_1 * n))
    else if (l <= 3.45d-15) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((n * (m * (-0.5d0))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 2.4e-145) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((M * n));
	} else if (l <= 3.45e-15) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((n * (m * -0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= 2.4e-145:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((M * n))
	elif l <= 3.45e-15:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((n * (m * -0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= 2.4e-145)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(M * n)));
	elseif (l <= 3.45e-15)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(n * Float64(m * -0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= 2.4e-145)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((M * n));
	elseif (l <= 3.45e-15)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (m * -0.5)));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, 2.4e-145], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(M * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[l, 3.45e-15], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(n * N[(m * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-145}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(m \cdot -0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if l < 2.40000000000000015e-145

    1. Initial program 78.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified78.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg96.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified96.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 74.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative74.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow274.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out81.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified81.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 37.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in m around 0 31.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative31.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{M \cdot n} \cdot \cos M} \]
      2. *-commutative31.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot M}} \cdot \cos M \]
    13. Simplified31.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{n \cdot M} \cdot \cos M} \]

    if 2.40000000000000015e-145 < l < 3.45000000000000005e-15

    1. Initial program 85.2%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified85.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg96.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 66.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative66.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow266.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out74.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified74.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 44.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 47.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \left(m \cdot n\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*47.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot n}} \]
      2. *-commutative47.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot -0.5\right)} \cdot n} \]
    13. Simplified47.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot -0.5\right) \cdot n}} \]

    if 3.45000000000000005e-15 < l

    1. Initial program 77.8%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified77.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 96.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-196.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Simplified96.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification51.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-145}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(m \cdot -0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 54.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l 3.45e-15)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* n (- M (* m 0.5)))))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 3.45e-15) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= 3.45d-15) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((n * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 3.45e-15) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= 3.45e-15:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= 3.45e-15)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(n * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= 3.45e-15)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, 3.45e-15], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(n * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if l < 3.45000000000000005e-15

    1. Initial program 79.8%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified79.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg96.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified96.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 73.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative73.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow273.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out80.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified80.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 38.2%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]

    if 3.45000000000000005e-15 < l

    1. Initial program 77.8%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified77.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 96.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-196.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Simplified96.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification54.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 3.45 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 48.8% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 0.0135:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l 0.0135) (* (cos M) (exp (* M n))) (* (cos M) (exp (- l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 0.0135) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((M * n));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= 0.0135d0) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((m_1 * n))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 0.0135) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((M * n));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= 0.0135:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((M * n))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= 0.0135)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(M * n)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= 0.0135)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((M * n));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, 0.0135], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(M * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 0.0135:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if l < 0.0134999999999999998

    1. Initial program 79.6%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified79.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg96.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 73.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative73.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
      2. unpow273.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out80.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    9. Simplified80.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in m around 0 31.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative31.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{M \cdot n} \cdot \cos M} \]
      2. *-commutative31.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot M}} \cdot \cos M \]
    13. Simplified31.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{n \cdot M} \cdot \cos M} \]

    if 0.0134999999999999998 < l

    1. Initial program 78.3%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified78.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
    6. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-198.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    9. Simplified98.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification49.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 0.0135:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot n}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 36.2% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \cdot e^{-\ell} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (* (cos M) (exp (- l))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) * exp(-l);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified79.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
  6. Simplified97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in l around inf 39.4%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-139.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  9. Simplified39.4%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 6.8% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (cos M))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return cos(M)
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified79.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{K}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n + m\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)} \]
  6. Simplified97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in n around 0 76.4%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative76.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}} \]
    2. unpow276.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-out82.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
  9. Simplified82.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 36.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in n around 0 9.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024096 
(FPCore (K m n M l)
  :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M)) (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))