Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 20.7s
Alternatives: 15
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 15 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 90.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) 710.0)
   (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0) {
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0d0) then
        tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t)
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) <= 710.0) {
		tmp = Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) <= 710.0:
		tmp = math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0)
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 710.0], N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 710:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 710

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      3. sum-log98.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      4. sub-neg98.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval98.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \]
      6. *-commutative98.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 710 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 82.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative82.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified82.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification94.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 64.5% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) 710.0)
   (- (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (log (* y z))) t)
   (- (* (log t) a) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0) {
		tmp = ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + log((y * z))) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0d0) then
        tmp = ((log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) + log((y * z))) - t
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) <= 710.0) {
		tmp = ((Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + Math.log((y * z))) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) <= 710.0:
		tmp = ((math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + math.log((y * z))) - t
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + log(Float64(y * z))) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) <= 710.0)
		tmp = ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + log((y * z))) - t;
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 710.0], N[(N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 710:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 710

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube40.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)}} \]
      2. pow340.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)}^{3}}} \]
      3. +-commutative40.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}}^{3}} \]
      4. sub-neg40.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      5. metadata-eval40.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      6. *-commutative40.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)} + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      7. fma-define40.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}}^{3}} \]
      8. +-commutative40.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      9. sum-log39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr39.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t} \]

    if 710 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 82.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative82.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified82.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification67.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 81.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.00023)
   (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00023) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.00023d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00023) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00023:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00023)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00023)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.00023], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 2.3000000000000001e-4

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 2.3000000000000001e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification81.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 69.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (- (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)))) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 69.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Final simplification69.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 71.5% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.00032 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 0.46\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.00032) (not (<= a 0.46)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (- (log (* y (* z (pow t (+ a -0.5))))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.00032) || !(a <= 0.46)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((y * (z * pow(t, (a + -0.5))))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.00032d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 0.46d0))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log((y * (z * (t ** (a + (-0.5d0)))))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.00032) || !(a <= 0.46)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((y * (z * Math.pow(t, (a + -0.5))))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.00032) or not (a <= 0.46):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((y * (z * math.pow(t, (a + -0.5))))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.00032) || !(a <= 0.46))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * Float64(z * (t ^ Float64(a + -0.5))))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.00032) || ~((a <= 0.46)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((y * (z * (t ^ (a + -0.5))))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.00032], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 0.46]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(y * N[(z * N[Power[t, N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.00032 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 0.46\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.20000000000000026e-4 or 0.46000000000000002 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -3.20000000000000026e-4 < a < 0.46000000000000002

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity66.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. associate-+r+66.1%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      3. add-log-exp51.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
      4. exp-sum43.1%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log y + \log z} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
      5. sum-log43.2%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) - t \]
      6. add-exp-log43.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) - t \]
      7. exp-to-pow43.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{\left(a - 0.5\right)}}\right) - t \]
      8. sub-neg43.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}}\right) - t \]
      9. metadata-eval43.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)}\right) - t \]
    7. Applied egg-rr43.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity43.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
      2. associate-*l*48.0%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Simplified48.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification76.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.00032 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 0.46\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 73.2% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.8 \cdot 10^{-16} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 0.00047\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot -0.5 - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -8.8e-16) (not (<= a 0.00047)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (+ (log (* y z)) (- (* (log t) -0.5) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -8.8e-16) || !(a <= 0.00047)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * -0.5) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-8.8d-16)) .or. (.not. (a <= 0.00047d0))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * (-0.5d0)) - t)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -8.8e-16) || !(a <= 0.00047)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + ((Math.log(t) * -0.5) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -8.8e-16) or not (a <= 0.00047):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + ((math.log(t) * -0.5) - t)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -8.8e-16) || !(a <= 0.00047))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * -0.5) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -8.8e-16) || ~((a <= 0.00047)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((log(t) * -0.5) - t);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -8.8e-16], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 0.00047]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.8 \cdot 10^{-16} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 0.00047\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot -0.5 - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -8.80000000000000001e-16 or 4.69999999999999986e-4 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative96.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -8.80000000000000001e-16 < a < 4.69999999999999986e-4

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube68.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)}} \]
      2. pow368.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)}^{3}}} \]
      3. +-commutative68.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}}^{3}} \]
      4. sub-neg68.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      5. metadata-eval68.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      6. *-commutative68.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)} + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      7. fma-define68.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)\right)}}^{3}} \]
      8. +-commutative68.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
      9. sum-log52.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right)\right)}^{3}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a + -0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right)\right)}^{3}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 72.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 44.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+44.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t - t\right)} \]
      2. *-commutative44.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t - t\right) \]
      3. *-commutative44.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5} - t\right) \]
    8. Simplified44.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \left(\log t \cdot -0.5 - t\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.8 \cdot 10^{-16} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 0.00047\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot -0.5 - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 78.3% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.23 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.7\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.23) (not (<= a 1.7)))
   (- (* (log t) a) t)
   (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.23) || !(a <= 1.7)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.23d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.7d0))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * a) - t
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.23) || !(a <= 1.7)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.23) or not (a <= 1.7):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * a) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.23) || !(a <= 1.7))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.23) || ~((a <= 1.7)))
		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.23], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.7]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.23 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.7\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -0.23000000000000001 or 1.69999999999999996 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]

    if -0.23000000000000001 < a < 1.69999999999999996

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 55.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.23 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.7\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 77.3% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)))
   (if (<= t 0.00023) (+ (log (+ x y)) t_1) (- t_1 t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00023) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    if (t <= 0.00023d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + t_1
    else
        tmp = t_1 - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00023) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00023:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + t_1
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00023)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + t_1);
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00023)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 0.00023], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + t\_1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 2.3000000000000001e-4

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 57.8%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative57.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified57.8%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 2.3000000000000001e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 70.2% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a))) (if (<= t 0.00023) (+ (log y) t_1) (- t_1 t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00023) {
		tmp = log(y) + t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    if (t <= 0.00023d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + t_1
    else
        tmp = t_1 - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.00023) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.00023:
		tmp = math.log(y) + t_1
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.00023)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + t_1);
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.00023)
		tmp = log(y) + t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 0.00023], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + t\_1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 2.3000000000000001e-4

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 74.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg74.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg74.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      3. *-commutative74.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right)}}{t}\right)\right) \]
      4. log-rec74.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \frac{\left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log t\right)}}{t}\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified74.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 - \frac{\left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \left(-\log t\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 33.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot \log t}{t}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative33.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}}{t} \]
      2. *-lft-identity33.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \frac{\log t \cdot a}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot t}} \]
      3. times-frac33.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\log t}{1} \cdot \frac{a}{t}\right)} \]
      4. /-rgt-identity33.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\log t} \cdot \frac{a}{t}\right) \]
    10. Simplified33.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \frac{a}{t}\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in x around 0 43.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + a \cdot \log t} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative43.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t + \log y} \]
      2. *-commutative43.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} + \log y \]
    13. Simplified43.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a + \log y} \]

    if 2.3000000000000001e-4 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
    8. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.00023:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 41.5% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 580:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (if (<= t 580.0) (log (+ x y)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 580.0) {
		tmp = log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 580.0d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y))
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 580.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 580.0:
		tmp = math.log((x + y))
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 580.0)
		tmp = log(Float64(x + y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 580.0)
		tmp = log((x + y));
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 580.0], N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 580:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 580

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 9.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-19.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified9.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 9.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} \]

    if 580 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 75.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-175.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified75.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification42.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 580:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 74.3% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot a - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* (log t) a) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * a) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(t) * a) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(t) * a) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot a - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 76.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} - t \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  8. Simplified76.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} - t \]
  9. Final simplification76.1%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot a - t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 30.7% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log y - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (log y) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log(y) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log(y) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log(y) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log(y) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(y) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log(y) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log y - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 42.1%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-142.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  7. Simplified42.1%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 33.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y - t} \]
  9. Final simplification33.2%

    \[\leadsto \log y - t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 38.1% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 38.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-138.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Simplified38.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  9. Final simplification38.7%

    \[\leadsto -t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024095 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))