
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 10 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (exp (log (/ PI s))))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf(expf(logf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(exp(log(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp(exp(log((single(pi) / s)))))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{e^{\log \left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
add-exp-log99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (+ -1.0 (+ (/ 1.0 u) (expm1 (- (/ PI (- s)) (log u)))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((-1.0f + ((1.0f / u) + expm1f(((((float) M_PI) / -s) - logf(u))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / u) + expm1(Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s)) - log(u)))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(-1 + \left(\frac{1}{u} + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\frac{\pi}{-s} - \log u\right)\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 87.8%
+-commutative87.8%
Simplified87.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 97.9%
associate-*r*97.9%
neg-mul-197.9%
associate--l+97.9%
mul-1-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg297.9%
Simplified97.9%
log1p-expm1-u97.9%
expm1-undefine97.9%
add-exp-log97.9%
add-exp-log97.9%
expm1-define97.9%
log-div97.9%
add-log-exp97.9%
distribute-frac-neg297.9%
Applied egg-rr97.9%
Final simplification97.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ (/ 1.0 u) (+ -1.0 (/ (exp (/ PI (- s))) u))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / u) + (-1.0f + (expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)) / u))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / u) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))) / u))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / u) + (single(-1.0) + (exp((single(pi) / -s)) / u)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u} + \left(-1 + \frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}}{u}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 87.8%
+-commutative87.8%
Simplified87.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 97.9%
associate-*r*97.9%
neg-mul-197.9%
associate--l+97.9%
mul-1-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg297.9%
Simplified97.9%
Final simplification97.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 u)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / u)));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = -s * log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / u)))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 87.8%
+-commutative87.8%
Simplified87.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 97.9%
associate-*r*97.9%
neg-mul-197.9%
associate--l+97.9%
mul-1-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg297.9%
Simplified97.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 36.8%
associate-*r*36.8%
neg-mul-136.8%
sub-neg36.8%
associate-*r/36.8%
metadata-eval36.8%
metadata-eval36.8%
Simplified36.8%
Final simplification36.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 87.8%
+-commutative87.8%
Simplified87.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
associate-*r*25.0%
neg-mul-125.0%
log1p-define25.0%
Simplified25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* (* u -4.0) (- (/ 1.0 (- (/ PI s) 2.0)) -0.5))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * ((u * -4.0f) * ((1.0f / ((((float) M_PI) / s) - 2.0f)) - -0.5f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-4.0)) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) - Float32(2.0))) - Float32(-0.5)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * ((u * single(-4.0)) * ((single(1.0) / ((single(pi) / s) - single(2.0))) - single(-0.5))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\left(u \cdot -4\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{s} - 2} - -0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.7%
neg-mul-115.7%
unsub-neg15.7%
Simplified15.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 16.4%
associate-*r*16.4%
sub-neg16.4%
metadata-eval16.4%
Simplified16.4%
Final simplification16.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -2.0 (* s u)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -2.0f * (s * u);
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (-2.0e0) * (s * u)
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(s * u)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-2.0) * (s * u); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-2 \cdot \left(s \cdot u\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.7%
neg-mul-115.7%
unsub-neg15.7%
Simplified15.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 15.8%
sub-neg15.8%
associate-*r/15.8%
metadata-eval15.8%
metadata-eval15.8%
Simplified15.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 16.4%
Final simplification16.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* u (* s -2.0)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return u * (s * -2.0f);
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = u * (s * (-2.0e0))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(u * Float32(s * Float32(-2.0))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = u * (s * single(-2.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
u \cdot \left(s \cdot -2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.7%
neg-mul-115.7%
unsub-neg15.7%
Simplified15.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 15.8%
sub-neg15.8%
associate-*r/15.8%
metadata-eval15.8%
metadata-eval15.8%
Simplified15.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 16.4%
associate-*r*16.4%
*-commutative16.4%
Simplified16.4%
Final simplification16.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.9%
neg-mul-110.9%
Simplified10.9%
Final simplification10.9%
herbie shell --seed 2024095
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))