
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(*
0.125
(/
(+
(/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) PI)
(/ (exp (* (* r -0.3333333333333333) (/ 1.0 s))) PI))
(* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * (((expf((-r / s)) / ((float) M_PI)) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) * (1.0f / s))) / ((float) M_PI))) / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / s))) / Float32(pi))) / Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp((-r / s)) / single(pi)) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) * (single(1.0) / s))) / single(pi))) / (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\pi} + \frac{e^{\left(r \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot \frac{1}{s}}}{\pi}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
distribute-lft-out99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
distribute-neg-frac299.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l/99.7%
Simplified99.7%
div-inv99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) PI) (/ (exp (* r (/ -0.3333333333333333 s))) PI)) (* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * (((expf((-r / s)) / ((float) M_PI)) + (expf((r * (-0.3333333333333333f / s))) / ((float) M_PI))) / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(exp(Float32(r * Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / s))) / Float32(pi))) / Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp((-r / s)) / single(pi)) + (exp((r * (single(-0.3333333333333333) / s))) / single(pi))) / (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\pi} + \frac{e^{r \cdot \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{\pi}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
distribute-lft-out99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
distribute-neg-frac299.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l/99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) PI) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) PI)) (* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * (((expf((-r / s)) / ((float) M_PI)) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / ((float) M_PI))) / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / Float32(pi))) / Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp((-r / s)) / single(pi)) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / single(pi))) / (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\pi} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{\pi}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
distribute-lft-out99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
distribute-neg-frac299.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l/99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* s (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f((s * (r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(s * Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
log1p-expm1-u10.9%
*-commutative10.9%
associate-*l*10.9%
*-commutative10.9%
Applied egg-rr10.9%
Final simplification10.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
pow18.3%
*-commutative8.3%
associate-*l*8.3%
*-commutative8.3%
Applied egg-rr8.3%
unpow18.3%
Simplified8.3%
log1p-expm1-u45.8%
Applied egg-rr45.8%
Final simplification45.8%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(*
0.125
(/
(+
(/ 2.0 PI)
(/
(-
(/ (* (/ (pow r 2.0) PI) 0.5555555555555556) s)
(* 1.3333333333333333 (/ r PI)))
s))
(* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * (((2.0f / ((float) M_PI)) + (((((powf(r, 2.0f) / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.5555555555555556f) / s) - (1.3333333333333333f * (r / ((float) M_PI)))) / s)) / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32((r ^ Float32(2.0)) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.5555555555555556)) / s) - Float32(Float32(1.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / Float32(pi)))) / s)) / Float32(r * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * (((single(2.0) / single(pi)) + ((((((r ^ single(2.0)) / single(pi)) * single(0.5555555555555556)) / s) - (single(1.3333333333333333) * (r / single(pi)))) / s)) / (r * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{\pi} + \frac{\frac{\frac{{r}^{2}}{\pi} \cdot 0.5555555555555556}{s} - 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{\pi}}{s}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
distribute-lft-out99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
distribute-neg-frac299.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l/99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 9.0%
+-commutative9.0%
mul-1-neg9.0%
unsub-neg9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Final simplification9.0%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(+
(/
(-
(* 0.16666666666666666 (/ -1.0 PI))
(/ (+ (* (/ r PI) -0.0625) (* (/ r PI) -0.006944444444444444)) s))
s)
(* 0.25 (/ 1.0 (* r PI))))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((((0.16666666666666666f * (-1.0f / ((float) M_PI))) - ((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.0625f) + ((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.006944444444444444f)) / s)) / s) + (0.25f * (1.0f / (r * ((float) M_PI))))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.0625)) + Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.006944444444444444))) / s)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((((single(0.16666666666666666) * (single(-1.0) / single(pi))) - ((((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.0625)) + ((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.006944444444444444))) / s)) / s) + (single(0.25) * (single(1.0) / (r * single(pi))))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{-1}{\pi} - \frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.0625 + \frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.006944444444444444}{s}}{s} + 0.25 \cdot \frac{1}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 9.0%
Final simplification9.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (+ (/ (* (/ r PI) 0.06944444444444445) s) (/ -0.16666666666666666 PI)) s) (/ 0.25 (* r PI))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (-0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s) + (0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((((((r / single(pi)) * single(0.06944444444444445)) / s) + (single(-0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s) + (single(0.25) / (r * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s} + \frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
Simplified9.0%
Final simplification9.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (* r PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * (r * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(r * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (s * (r * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
pow18.3%
*-commutative8.3%
associate-*l*8.3%
*-commutative8.3%
Applied egg-rr8.3%
unpow18.3%
Simplified8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 0.0))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / 0.0f;
}
real(4) function code(s, r)
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4), intent (in) :: r
code = 0.25e0 / 0.0e0
end function
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(0.0)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / single(0.0); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{0}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
expm1-log1p-u8.3%
expm1-undefine6.7%
*-commutative6.7%
associate-*l*6.7%
*-commutative6.7%
Applied egg-rr6.7%
sub-neg6.7%
metadata-eval6.7%
+-commutative6.7%
log1p-undefine6.7%
rem-exp-log6.7%
+-commutative6.7%
associate-*r*6.7%
*-commutative6.7%
fma-define6.7%
*-commutative6.7%
Simplified6.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 3.4%
Final simplification3.4%
herbie shell --seed 2024095
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))