Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 13.7s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(0 \leq s \land s \leq 256\right) \land \left(10^{-6} < r \land r < 1000000\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r))
  (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r))
  (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{2 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot 6\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (/ (* 0.25 (exp (- (/ r s)))) (* 2.0 (* (* r s) PI)))
  (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0))))) (* PI (* r (* s 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f * expf(-(r / s))) / (2.0f * ((r * s) * ((float) M_PI)))) + ((0.75f * expf((r / (s * -3.0f)))) / (((float) M_PI) * (r * (s * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(r * s) * Float32(pi)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0)))))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(6.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp(-(r / s))) / (single(2.0) * ((r * s) * single(pi)))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((r / (s * -single(3.0))))) / (single(pi) * (r * (s * single(6.0)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{2 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\color{blue}{6 \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{6 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{6 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot r\right)} \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
    4. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(6 \cdot s\right) \cdot r\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(\left(6 \cdot s\right) \cdot r\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(\left(6 \cdot s\right) \cdot r\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)}} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(\left(6 \cdot s\right) \cdot r\right)} \]
  8. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)}} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(\left(6 \cdot s\right) \cdot r\right)} \]
  9. Final simplification99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{2 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot 6\right)\right)} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (* (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI) (/ (exp (- (/ r s))) r))
  (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* r (* 6.0 (* s PI)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)) * (expf(-(r / s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (r * (6.0f * (s * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi)) * (exp(-(r / s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (r * (single(6.0) * (s * single(pi))))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \color{blue}{0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}} \]
    5. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{\color{blue}{s \cdot 3}}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    6. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{\color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  7. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (* (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI) (/ (exp (- (/ r s))) r))
  (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r))) (* r (* 6.0 (* s PI)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)) * (expf(-(r / s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r))) / (r * (6.0f * (s * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi)) * (exp(-(r / s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r))) / (r * (single(6.0) * (s * single(pi))))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    4. associate-/l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \color{blue}{0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}} \]
    5. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{\color{blue}{s \cdot 3}}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
    6. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{\color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  7. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
    2. associate-*l/99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s} \cdot r}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r/99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  10. Simplified99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot s\right)\right)} \]
  11. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{r \cdot \left(6 \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ 0.125 (* s PI))
  (+ (/ (exp (- (/ r s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf(-(r / s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp(-(r / s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot r}{s}}}}{r}\right) \]
  6. Simplified99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot r}{s}}}}{r}\right) \]
  7. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right) \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ 0.125 (* s PI))
  (+ (/ (exp (- (/ r s))) r) (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf(-(r / s)) / r) + (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp(-(r / s)) / r) + (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 11.8% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* (* r s) PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f(((r * s) * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(r * s) * Float32(pi)))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. *-commutative8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot r\right)} \cdot \pi} \]
  7. Simplified8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot r\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    2. add-sqr-sqrt8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{s} \cdot \sqrt{s}\right)} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod8.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{s \cdot s}} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    4. sqr-neg8.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-s\right) \cdot \left(-s\right)}} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod-0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-s} \cdot \sqrt{-s}\right)} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    6. add-sqr-sqrt4.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(-s\right)} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    7. distribute-lft-neg-in4.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{-s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. associate-*l*4.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{-\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot r\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
    9. *-commutative4.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{-\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}} \]
    10. log1p-expm1-u5.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    11. *-commutative5.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot r\right) \cdot \pi}\right)\right)} \]
    12. associate-*l*5.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-\color{blue}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}\right)\right)} \]
    13. distribute-lft-neg-in5.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-s\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}\right)\right)} \]
    14. add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-s} \cdot \sqrt{-s}\right)} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    15. sqrt-unprod9.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-s\right) \cdot \left(-s\right)}} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    16. sqr-neg9.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{s \cdot s}} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    17. sqrt-unprod9.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{s} \cdot \sqrt{s}\right)} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    18. add-sqr-sqrt9.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{s} \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
    19. associate-*l*9.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot r\right) \cdot \pi}\right)\right)} \]
    20. *-commutative9.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}\right)\right)} \]
    21. *-commutative9.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot s\right)}\right)\right)} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr9.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  10. Final simplification9.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 9.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (- (/ r s))) r) (/ 1.0 r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf(-(r / s)) / r) + (1.0f / r));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp(-(r / s)) / r) + (single(1.0) / r));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Final simplification8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 9.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (/ (exp (- (/ r s))) r) (/ 1.0 r)) (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.125f * (((expf(-(r / s)) / r) + (1.0f / r)) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r)) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp(-(r / s)) / r) + (single(1.0) / r)) / (s * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg8.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  7. Simplified8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  8. Final simplification8.8%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}}{s \cdot \pi} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 9.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.125 + 0.125 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (+ 0.125 (* 0.125 (exp (- (/ r s))))) (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (0.125f + (0.125f * expf(-(r / s)))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) + Float32(Float32(0.125) * exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (single(0.125) + (single(0.125) * exp(-(r / s)))) / (r * (s * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.125 + 0.125 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/8.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}\right)}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. *-commutative8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}\right)}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot s}} \]
    3. times-frac8.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s}} \]
    4. mul-1-neg8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r}}{s} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac28.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r}}{s} \]
  7. Simplified8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}}{s}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in r around inf 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/8.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}\right)}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    2. distribute-lft-in8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.125 \cdot 1 + 0.125 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    3. metadata-eval8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.125} + 0.125 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    4. mul-1-neg8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125 + 0.125 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac28.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125 + 0.125 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
  10. Simplified8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 + 0.125 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  11. Final simplification8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125 + 0.125 \cdot e^{-\frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 9.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + 1}{r \cdot s} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ 0.125 PI) (/ (+ (exp (- (/ r s))) 1.0) (* r s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return (0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) * ((expf(-(r / s)) + 1.0f) / (r * s));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) + Float32(1.0)) / Float32(r * s)))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = (single(0.125) / single(pi)) * ((exp(-(r / s)) + single(1.0)) / (r * s));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + 1}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/8.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}\right)}{s \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. *-commutative8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}\right)}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot s}} \]
    3. times-frac8.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}}{s}} \]
    4. mul-1-neg8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r}}{s} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac28.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r}}{s} \]
  7. Simplified8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}}{s}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in r around inf 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot s}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/8.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot r}{s}}}}{r \cdot s} \]
    2. neg-mul-18.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-r}}{s}}}{r \cdot s} \]
  10. Simplified8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 + e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r \cdot s}} \]
  11. Final simplification8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + 1}{r \cdot s} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 9.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + 1}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (- (/ r s))) 1.0) (* (* r s) PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.125f * ((expf(-(r / s)) + 1.0f) / ((r * s) * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) + Float32(1.0)) / Float32(Float32(r * s) * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp(-(r / s)) + single(1.0)) / ((r * s) * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + 1}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in r around inf 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg8.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac28.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\color{blue}{\frac{r}{-s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative8.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}} \]
    4. *-commutative8.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot s\right)} \cdot r} \]
    5. associate-*l*8.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}} \]
  7. Simplified8.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{1 + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}} \]
  8. Final simplification8.8%

    \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + 1}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 8.9% accurate, 33.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{r}}{\pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (/ 0.25 s) r) PI))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f / s) / r) / ((float) M_PI);
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) / r) / Float32(pi))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) / s) / r) / single(pi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{r}}{\pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. *-commutative8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(s \cdot r\right)} \cdot \pi} \]
  7. Simplified8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot r\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-/r*8.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot s}}{\pi}} \]
    3. *-commutative8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.25}{\color{blue}{s \cdot r}}}{\pi} \]
    4. associate-/r*8.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{r}}}{\pi} \]
  10. Simplified8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{r}}{\pi}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 8.9% accurate, 33.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]
  2. Simplified99.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{r}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024089 
(FPCore (s r)
  :name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
  (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))