
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)))) / (2.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(-
(*
(pow c 4.0)
(-
(* -5.0 (/ (pow a 3.0) (pow b 7.0)))
(/ (+ (* 2.0 (/ (pow a 2.0) (pow b 5.0))) (/ a (* c (pow b 3.0)))) c)))
(/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (pow(c, 4.0) * ((-5.0 * (pow(a, 3.0) / pow(b, 7.0))) - (((2.0 * (pow(a, 2.0) / pow(b, 5.0))) + (a / (c * pow(b, 3.0)))) / c))) - (c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((c ** 4.0d0) * (((-5.0d0) * ((a ** 3.0d0) / (b ** 7.0d0))) - (((2.0d0 * ((a ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 5.0d0))) + (a / (c * (b ** 3.0d0)))) / c))) - (c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (Math.pow(c, 4.0) * ((-5.0 * (Math.pow(a, 3.0) / Math.pow(b, 7.0))) - (((2.0 * (Math.pow(a, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (a / (c * Math.pow(b, 3.0)))) / c))) - (c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (math.pow(c, 4.0) * ((-5.0 * (math.pow(a, 3.0) / math.pow(b, 7.0))) - (((2.0 * (math.pow(a, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (a / (c * math.pow(b, 3.0)))) / c))) - (c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64((c ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(-5.0 * Float64((a ^ 3.0) / (b ^ 7.0))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((a ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 5.0))) + Float64(a / Float64(c * (b ^ 3.0)))) / c))) - Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = ((c ^ 4.0) * ((-5.0 * ((a ^ 3.0) / (b ^ 7.0))) - (((2.0 * ((a ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 5.0))) + (a / (c * (b ^ 3.0)))) / c))) - (c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[Power[c, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(-5.0 * N[(N[Power[a, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a / N[(c * N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{c}^{4} \cdot \left(-5 \cdot \frac{{a}^{3}}{{b}^{7}} - \frac{2 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{b}^{5}} + \frac{a}{c \cdot {b}^{3}}}{c}\right) - \frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 97.5%
Taylor expanded in c around -inf 97.5%
Final simplification97.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (- (* a (- (/ (* -2.0 (* a (pow c 3.0))) (pow b 5.0)) (/ (pow c 2.0) (pow b 3.0)))) (/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * (((-2.0 * (a * pow(c, 3.0))) / pow(b, 5.0)) - (pow(c, 2.0) / pow(b, 3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (a * ((((-2.0d0) * (a * (c ** 3.0d0))) / (b ** 5.0d0)) - ((c ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0)))) - (c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * (((-2.0 * (a * Math.pow(c, 3.0))) / Math.pow(b, 5.0)) - (Math.pow(c, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)))) - (c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (a * (((-2.0 * (a * math.pow(c, 3.0))) / math.pow(b, 5.0)) - (math.pow(c, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 3.0)))) - (c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(a * (c ^ 3.0))) / (b ^ 5.0)) - Float64((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)))) - Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (a * (((-2.0 * (a * (c ^ 3.0))) / (b ^ 5.0)) - ((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)))) - (c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(a * N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(a * N[Power[c, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
a \cdot \left(\frac{-2 \cdot \left(a \cdot {c}^{3}\right)}{{b}^{5}} - \frac{{c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}}\right) - \frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 97.5%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.8%
mul-1-neg96.8%
unsub-neg96.8%
associate-*r/96.8%
Simplified96.8%
Final simplification96.8%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (+ (* c (- (* -2.0 (/ (* c (pow a 2.0)) (pow b 5.0))) (/ a (pow b 3.0)))) (/ -1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * ((-2.0 * ((c * pow(a, 2.0)) / pow(b, 5.0))) - (a / pow(b, 3.0)))) + (-1.0 / b));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((c * (((-2.0d0) * ((c * (a ** 2.0d0)) / (b ** 5.0d0))) - (a / (b ** 3.0d0)))) + ((-1.0d0) / b))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * ((-2.0 * ((c * Math.pow(a, 2.0)) / Math.pow(b, 5.0))) - (a / Math.pow(b, 3.0)))) + (-1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((c * ((-2.0 * ((c * math.pow(a, 2.0)) / math.pow(b, 5.0))) - (a / math.pow(b, 3.0)))) + (-1.0 / b))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(Float64(c * (a ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))) - Float64(a / (b ^ 3.0)))) + Float64(-1.0 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((c * ((-2.0 * ((c * (a ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))) - (a / (b ^ 3.0)))) + (-1.0 / b)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(c * N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(N[(c * N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \frac{c \cdot {a}^{2}}{{b}^{5}} - \frac{a}{{b}^{3}}\right) + \frac{-1}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 96.4%
Final simplification96.4%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (- (- c) (* a (pow (- (/ c b)) 2.0))) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-c - (a * pow(-(c / b), 2.0))) / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-c - (a * (-(c / b) ** 2.0d0))) / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-c - (a * Math.pow(-(c / b), 2.0))) / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-c - (a * math.pow(-(c / b), 2.0))) / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-c) - Float64(a * (Float64(-Float64(c / b)) ^ 2.0))) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-c - (a * (-(c / b) ^ 2.0))) / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-c) - N[(a * N[Power[(-N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-c\right) - a \cdot {\left(-\frac{c}{b}\right)}^{2}}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.7%
mul-1-neg95.7%
unsub-neg95.7%
mul-1-neg95.7%
Simplified95.7%
associate-/l*95.7%
Applied egg-rr95.7%
unpow295.7%
unpow295.7%
times-frac95.7%
sqr-neg95.7%
distribute-frac-neg95.7%
neg-mul-195.7%
*-commutative95.7%
associate-*r/95.7%
distribute-frac-neg95.7%
neg-mul-195.7%
*-commutative95.7%
associate-*r/95.7%
unpow195.7%
pow-plus95.7%
associate-*r/95.7%
*-commutative95.7%
neg-mul-195.7%
distribute-frac-neg95.7%
distribute-neg-frac295.7%
metadata-eval95.7%
Simplified95.7%
Final simplification95.7%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (/ (- (/ (* c a) b) b) c)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((((c * a) / b) - b) / c);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 1.0d0 / ((((c * a) / b) - b) / c)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((((c * a) / b) - b) / c);
}
def code(a, b, c): return 1.0 / ((((c * a) / b) - b) / c)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(c * a) / b) - b) / c)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 1.0 / ((((c * a) / b) - b) / c); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{c \cdot a}{b} - b}{c}}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.7%
mul-1-neg95.7%
unsub-neg95.7%
mul-1-neg95.7%
Simplified95.7%
clear-num95.3%
inv-pow95.3%
associate-/l*95.3%
Applied egg-rr95.3%
unpow-195.3%
unpow295.3%
unpow295.3%
times-frac95.3%
sqr-neg95.3%
distribute-frac-neg95.3%
neg-mul-195.3%
*-commutative95.3%
associate-*r/95.3%
distribute-frac-neg95.3%
neg-mul-195.3%
*-commutative95.3%
associate-*r/95.3%
unpow195.3%
pow-plus95.3%
associate-*r/95.3%
*-commutative95.3%
neg-mul-195.3%
distribute-frac-neg95.3%
distribute-neg-frac295.3%
metadata-eval95.3%
Simplified95.3%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 95.5%
Final simplification95.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (- (/ a b) (/ b c))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 1.0d0 / ((a / b) - (b / c))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c));
}
def code(a, b, c): return 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(a / b) - Float64(b / c))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 1.0 / ((a / b) - (b / c)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(a / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{a}{b} - \frac{b}{c}}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.7%
mul-1-neg95.7%
unsub-neg95.7%
mul-1-neg95.7%
Simplified95.7%
clear-num95.3%
inv-pow95.3%
associate-/l*95.3%
Applied egg-rr95.3%
unpow-195.3%
unpow295.3%
unpow295.3%
times-frac95.3%
sqr-neg95.3%
distribute-frac-neg95.3%
neg-mul-195.3%
*-commutative95.3%
associate-*r/95.3%
distribute-frac-neg95.3%
neg-mul-195.3%
*-commutative95.3%
associate-*r/95.3%
unpow195.3%
pow-plus95.3%
associate-*r/95.3%
*-commutative95.3%
neg-mul-195.3%
distribute-frac-neg95.3%
distribute-neg-frac295.3%
metadata-eval95.3%
Simplified95.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 95.5%
+-commutative95.5%
mul-1-neg95.5%
unsub-neg95.5%
Simplified95.5%
Final simplification95.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (- (/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -(c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = -(c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -(c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return -(c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(-Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = -(c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := (-N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision])
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 92.4%
associate-*r/92.4%
mul-1-neg92.4%
Simplified92.4%
Final simplification92.4%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ 0.0 a))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0 / a;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 0.0d0 / a
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0 / a;
}
def code(a, b, c): return 0.0 / a
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(0.0 / a) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 / a; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(0.0 / a), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0}{a}
\end{array}
Initial program 14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
Simplified14.7%
flip3--14.6%
sqrt-div14.8%
pow214.8%
pow-pow15.2%
metadata-eval15.2%
associate-*l*15.2%
unpow-prod-down15.2%
metadata-eval15.2%
Applied egg-rr15.1%
*-un-lft-identity15.1%
Applied egg-rr14.7%
associate-*r/14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
associate-*r/14.7%
*-commutative14.7%
associate-/r*14.7%
metadata-eval14.7%
Simplified14.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 3.3%
associate-*r/3.3%
distribute-rgt1-in3.3%
metadata-eval3.3%
mul0-lft3.3%
metadata-eval3.3%
Simplified3.3%
Final simplification3.3%
herbie shell --seed 2024089
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Quadratic roots, wide range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 a) (< a 2.028240960365167e+31)) (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 b) (< b 2.028240960365167e+31))) (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 c) (< c 2.028240960365167e+31)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a)))