
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(*
c
(-
(*
c
(*
a
(-
(*
a
(+
(* -1.0546875 (/ (* a (pow c 2.0)) (pow b 7.0)))
(* -0.5625 (/ c (pow b 5.0)))))
(/ 0.375 (pow b 3.0)))))
(/ 0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * (a * ((a * ((-1.0546875 * ((a * pow(c, 2.0)) / pow(b, 7.0))) + (-0.5625 * (c / pow(b, 5.0))))) - (0.375 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((c * (a * ((a * (((-1.0546875d0) * ((a * (c ** 2.0d0)) / (b ** 7.0d0))) + ((-0.5625d0) * (c / (b ** 5.0d0))))) - (0.375d0 / (b ** 3.0d0))))) - (0.5d0 / b))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * (a * ((a * ((-1.0546875 * ((a * Math.pow(c, 2.0)) / Math.pow(b, 7.0))) + (-0.5625 * (c / Math.pow(b, 5.0))))) - (0.375 / Math.pow(b, 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((c * (a * ((a * ((-1.0546875 * ((a * math.pow(c, 2.0)) / math.pow(b, 7.0))) + (-0.5625 * (c / math.pow(b, 5.0))))) - (0.375 / math.pow(b, 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-1.0546875 * Float64(Float64(a * (c ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 7.0))) + Float64(-0.5625 * Float64(c / (b ^ 5.0))))) - Float64(0.375 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(0.5 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((c * (a * ((a * ((-1.0546875 * ((a * (c ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 7.0))) + (-0.5625 * (c / (b ^ 5.0))))) - (0.375 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(a * N[(N[(-1.0546875 * N[(N[(a * N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.5625 * N[(c / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.375 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-1.0546875 \cdot \frac{a \cdot {c}^{2}}{{b}^{7}} + -0.5625 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{5}}\right) - \frac{0.375}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{0.5}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 96.9%
Simplified96.9%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.9%
Taylor expanded in b around 0 96.9%
Final simplification96.9%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(+
(* -0.5 (/ c b))
(*
a
(+
(* -0.5625 (/ (* a (pow c 3.0)) (pow b 5.0)))
(* -0.375 (/ (pow c 2.0) (pow b 3.0)))))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.5625 * ((a * pow(c, 3.0)) / pow(b, 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (pow(c, 2.0) / pow(b, 3.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((-0.5d0) * (c / b)) + (a * (((-0.5625d0) * ((a * (c ** 3.0d0)) / (b ** 5.0d0))) + ((-0.375d0) * ((c ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.5625 * ((a * Math.pow(c, 3.0)) / Math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (Math.pow(c, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)))));
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.5625 * ((a * math.pow(c, 3.0)) / math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (math.pow(c, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 3.0)))))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b)) + Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-0.5625 * Float64(Float64(a * (c ^ 3.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))) + Float64(-0.375 * Float64((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.5625 * ((a * (c ^ 3.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))) + (-0.375 * ((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0))))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[(N[(-0.5625 * N[(N[(a * N[Power[c, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.375 * N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b} + a \cdot \left(-0.5625 \cdot \frac{a \cdot {c}^{3}}{{b}^{5}} + -0.375 \cdot \frac{{c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.7%
Final simplification96.7%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (- (* c (* a (- (* -0.5625 (* a (/ c (pow b 5.0)))) (/ 0.375 (pow b 3.0))))) (/ 0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * (a * ((-0.5625 * (a * (c / pow(b, 5.0)))) - (0.375 / pow(b, 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((c * (a * (((-0.5625d0) * (a * (c / (b ** 5.0d0)))) - (0.375d0 / (b ** 3.0d0))))) - (0.5d0 / b))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * (a * ((-0.5625 * (a * (c / Math.pow(b, 5.0)))) - (0.375 / Math.pow(b, 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((c * (a * ((-0.5625 * (a * (c / math.pow(b, 5.0)))) - (0.375 / math.pow(b, 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-0.5625 * Float64(a * Float64(c / (b ^ 5.0)))) - Float64(0.375 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - Float64(0.5 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((c * (a * ((-0.5625 * (a * (c / (b ^ 5.0)))) - (0.375 / (b ^ 3.0))))) - (0.5 / b)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(c * N[(a * N[(N[(-0.5625 * N[(a * N[(c / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.375 / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-0.5625 \cdot \left(a \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{5}}\right) - \frac{0.375}{{b}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{0.5}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 96.9%
Simplified96.9%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.3%
associate-/l*96.3%
associate-*r/96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
Simplified96.3%
Final simplification96.3%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (* c -0.5) (* -0.375 (/ (* a (pow c 2.0)) (pow b 2.0)))) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return ((c * -0.5) + (-0.375 * ((a * pow(c, 2.0)) / pow(b, 2.0)))) / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((c * (-0.5d0)) + ((-0.375d0) * ((a * (c ** 2.0d0)) / (b ** 2.0d0)))) / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return ((c * -0.5) + (-0.375 * ((a * Math.pow(c, 2.0)) / Math.pow(b, 2.0)))) / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return ((c * -0.5) + (-0.375 * ((a * math.pow(c, 2.0)) / math.pow(b, 2.0)))) / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(c * -0.5) + Float64(-0.375 * Float64(Float64(a * (c ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 2.0)))) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = ((c * -0.5) + (-0.375 * ((a * (c ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 2.0)))) / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[(c * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(a * N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{c \cdot -0.5 + -0.375 \cdot \frac{a \cdot {c}^{2}}{{b}^{2}}}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.9%
Final simplification95.9%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (- (/ (* -0.375 (* c a)) (pow b 3.0)) (/ 0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (((-0.375 * (c * a)) / pow(b, 3.0)) - (0.5 / b));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((((-0.375d0) * (c * a)) / (b ** 3.0d0)) - (0.5d0 / b))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (((-0.375 * (c * a)) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)) - (0.5 / b));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * (((-0.375 * (c * a)) / math.pow(b, 3.0)) - (0.5 / b))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(Float64(-0.375 * Float64(c * a)) / (b ^ 3.0)) - Float64(0.5 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * (((-0.375 * (c * a)) / (b ^ 3.0)) - (0.5 / b)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(N[(-0.375 * N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(\frac{-0.375 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}{{b}^{3}} - \frac{0.5}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.9%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 95.5%
associate-*r/95.5%
associate-*r/95.5%
metadata-eval95.5%
Simplified95.5%
Final simplification95.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (/ (- (* -0.375 (/ (* c a) (pow b 2.0))) 0.5) b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (((-0.375 * ((c * a) / pow(b, 2.0))) - 0.5) / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((((-0.375d0) * ((c * a) / (b ** 2.0d0))) - 0.5d0) / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (((-0.375 * ((c * a) / Math.pow(b, 2.0))) - 0.5) / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * (((-0.375 * ((c * a) / math.pow(b, 2.0))) - 0.5) / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(Float64(-0.375 * Float64(Float64(c * a) / (b ^ 2.0))) - 0.5) / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * (((-0.375 * ((c * a) / (b ^ 2.0))) - 0.5) / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \frac{-0.375 \cdot \frac{c \cdot a}{{b}^{2}} - 0.5}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.9%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 95.5%
associate-*r/95.5%
associate-*r/95.5%
metadata-eval95.5%
Simplified95.5%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.5%
Final simplification95.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (/ -0.5 b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (-0.5 / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((-0.5d0) / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (-0.5 / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * (-0.5 / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(-0.5 / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * (-0.5 / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 91.5%
associate-*r/91.6%
*-commutative91.6%
Simplified91.6%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.2%
associate-*r/92.2%
*-commutative92.2%
associate-/l*91.8%
Simplified91.8%
Final simplification91.8%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (* c -0.5) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (c * -0.5) / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (c * (-0.5d0)) / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (c * -0.5) / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return (c * -0.5) / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(c * -0.5) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (c * -0.5) / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(c * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{c \cdot -0.5}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 92.2%
associate-*r/92.2%
*-commutative92.2%
Simplified92.2%
Final simplification92.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024081
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Cubic critical, wide range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 a) (< a 2.028240960365167e+31)) (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 b) (< b 2.028240960365167e+31))) (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 c) (< c 2.028240960365167e+31)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))