
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (log (pow (exp s) (* (* u PI) (/ -2.0 s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return logf(powf(expf(s), ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * (-2.0f / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return log((exp(s) ^ Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(-2.0) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = log((exp(s) ^ ((u * single(pi)) * (single(-2.0) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left({\left(e^{s}\right)}^{\left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{-2}{s}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.5%
associate-*r/10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
associate-/l*10.5%
associate--r+10.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.5%
distribute-rgt-out--10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
metadata-eval10.5%
metadata-eval10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
Simplified10.5%
add-log-exp10.5%
exp-prod12.3%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod9.9%
sqr-neg9.9%
sqrt-unprod9.9%
add-sqr-sqrt9.9%
Applied egg-rr12.1%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 12.3%
associate-*r/12.3%
*-commutative12.3%
*-commutative12.3%
associate-/l*12.3%
Simplified12.3%
Final simplification12.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (/ (fma -2.0 (* PI (* s u)) (/ 0.0 s)) s))
float code(float u, float s) {
return fmaf(-2.0f, (((float) M_PI) * (s * u)), (0.0f / s)) / s;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(fma(Float32(-2.0), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * u)), Float32(Float32(0.0) / s)) / s) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \pi \cdot \left(s \cdot u\right), \frac{0}{s}\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.5%
associate-*r/10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
associate-/l*10.5%
associate--r+10.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.5%
distribute-rgt-out--10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
metadata-eval10.5%
metadata-eval10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
Simplified10.5%
add-log-exp10.5%
exp-prod12.3%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod9.9%
sqr-neg9.9%
sqrt-unprod9.9%
add-sqr-sqrt9.9%
Applied egg-rr12.1%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 12.3%
associate-*r/12.3%
*-commutative12.3%
*-commutative12.3%
associate-/l*12.3%
Simplified12.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.2%
Simplified12.3%
Final simplification12.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (* u -2.0)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (u * -2.0f);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(u * Float32(-2.0))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (u * single(-2.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.5%
associate-*r/10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
associate-/l*10.5%
associate--r+10.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.5%
distribute-rgt-out--10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
metadata-eval10.5%
metadata-eval10.5%
*-commutative10.5%
Simplified10.5%
add-log-exp10.5%
exp-prod12.3%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod9.9%
sqr-neg9.9%
sqrt-unprod9.9%
add-sqr-sqrt9.9%
Applied egg-rr12.1%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 12.3%
associate-*r/12.3%
*-commutative12.3%
*-commutative12.3%
associate-/l*12.3%
Simplified12.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 12.1%
*-commutative12.1%
*-commutative12.1%
associate-*l*12.1%
Simplified12.1%
Final simplification12.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.4%
neg-mul-110.4%
Simplified10.4%
Final simplification10.4%
herbie shell --seed 2024081
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))