
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 13 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
associate-/l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* 6.0 (* (* s PI) r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (6.0f * ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (single(6.0) * ((s * single(pi)) * r)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{6 \cdot \left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
associate-/l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
associate-/l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* (* s PI) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f(((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.2%
log1p-expm1-u13.2%
Applied egg-rr13.2%
Final simplification13.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (fma (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (- (/ 1.0 r) (/ (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* (/ r s) -0.05555555555555555)) s)) (* (* 0.125 (/ (/ 1.0 s) PI)) (+ (/ 1.0 r) (/ (- -1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.5)) s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return fmaf((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))), ((1.0f / r) - ((0.3333333333333333f + ((r / s) * -0.05555555555555555f)) / s)), ((0.125f * ((1.0f / s) / ((float) M_PI))) * ((1.0f / r) + ((-1.0f - ((r / s) * -0.5f)) / s))));
}
function code(s, r) return fma(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.05555555555555555))) / s)), Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / s) / Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.5))) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.05555555555555555}{s}, \left(0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{s}}{\pi}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{r} + \frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.5%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
neg-mul-199.5%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.3%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.8%
clear-num11.8%
associate-/r/11.8%
associate-/r*11.8%
Applied egg-rr11.8%
Final simplification11.8%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 0.125 (* s PI))))
(fma
t_0
(- (/ 1.0 r) (/ (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* (/ r s) -0.05555555555555555)) s))
(* t_0 (+ (/ 1.0 r) (/ (- -1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.5)) s))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
float t_0 = 0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI));
return fmaf(t_0, ((1.0f / r) - ((0.3333333333333333f + ((r / s) * -0.05555555555555555f)) / s)), (t_0 * ((1.0f / r) + ((-1.0f - ((r / s) * -0.5f)) / s))));
}
function code(s, r) t_0 = Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) return fma(t_0, Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.05555555555555555))) / s)), Float32(t_0 * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.5))) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, \frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.05555555555555555}{s}, t\_0 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{r} + \frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.5%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
neg-mul-199.5%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.3%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.8%
Final simplification11.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (+ 1.0 (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + ((1.0f + (-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) + (single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{1 + \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 11.6%
associate-*r/11.6%
associate-*l/11.6%
associate-/r/11.6%
Simplified11.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 (* PI r)) (/ (- (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI) (* 0.0625 (/ r (* s PI)))) s)) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - (((0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI)) - (0.0625f * (r / (s * ((float) M_PI))))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi)) - Float32(Float32(0.0625) * Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - (((single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi)) - (single(0.0625) * (r / (s * single(pi))))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi} - 0.0625 \cdot \frac{r}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.5%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
neg-mul-199.5%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.6%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.6%
metadata-eval11.6%
associate-*r/11.6%
metadata-eval11.6%
Simplified11.6%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.5%
mul-1-neg11.5%
mul-1-neg11.5%
associate-*r/11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
associate-*r/11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 (* PI r)) (/ (/ 0.16666666666666666 s) PI)) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - ((0.16666666666666666f / s) / ((float) M_PI))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s) / Float32(pi))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - ((single(0.16666666666666666) / s) / single(pi))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.5%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
neg-mul-199.5%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.6%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.6%
metadata-eval11.6%
associate-*r/11.6%
metadata-eval11.6%
Simplified11.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.9%
associate-*r/10.9%
metadata-eval10.9%
associate-*r/10.9%
metadata-eval10.9%
associate-/r*10.9%
Simplified10.9%
Final simplification10.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 PI) (* s r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / ((float) M_PI)) / (s * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(pi)) / Float32(s * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / single(pi)) / (s * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi}}{s \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.2%
clear-num10.2%
inv-pow10.2%
associate-*r*10.2%
associate-/l*10.2%
Applied egg-rr10.2%
unpow-110.2%
associate-*r/10.2%
*-commutative10.2%
clear-num10.2%
associate-/r*10.2%
Applied egg-rr10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* PI (* s r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (single(pi) * (s * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.8%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 10.8%
associate-*r/10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
times-frac10.8%
associate-*r/10.8%
neg-mul-110.8%
Simplified10.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.2%
associate-*r*10.2%
*-commutative10.2%
Simplified10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s PI) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / ((s * single(pi)) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024081
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))