
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (- (sqrt (+ 1.0 x)) (sqrt (- 1.0 x))))
double code(double x) {
return sqrt((1.0 + x)) - sqrt((1.0 - x));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = sqrt((1.0d0 + x)) - sqrt((1.0d0 - x))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return Math.sqrt((1.0 + x)) - Math.sqrt((1.0 - x));
}
def code(x): return math.sqrt((1.0 + x)) - math.sqrt((1.0 - x))
function code(x) return Float64(sqrt(Float64(1.0 + x)) - sqrt(Float64(1.0 - x))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = sqrt((1.0 + x)) - sqrt((1.0 - x)); end
code[x_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\sqrt{1 + x} - \sqrt{1 - x}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (- (sqrt (+ 1.0 x)) (sqrt (- 1.0 x))))
double code(double x) {
return sqrt((1.0 + x)) - sqrt((1.0 - x));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = sqrt((1.0d0 + x)) - sqrt((1.0d0 - x))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return Math.sqrt((1.0 + x)) - Math.sqrt((1.0 - x));
}
def code(x): return math.sqrt((1.0 + x)) - math.sqrt((1.0 - x))
function code(x) return Float64(sqrt(Float64(1.0 + x)) - sqrt(Float64(1.0 - x))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = sqrt((1.0 + x)) - sqrt((1.0 - x)); end
code[x_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\sqrt{1 + x} - \sqrt{1 - x}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x x) (+ (sqrt (+ x 1.0)) (sqrt (- 1.0 x)))))
double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / (sqrt((x + 1.0)) + sqrt((1.0 - x)));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x + x) / (sqrt((x + 1.0d0)) + sqrt((1.0d0 - x)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / (Math.sqrt((x + 1.0)) + Math.sqrt((1.0 - x)));
}
def code(x): return (x + x) / (math.sqrt((x + 1.0)) + math.sqrt((1.0 - x)))
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x + x) / Float64(sqrt(Float64(x + 1.0)) + sqrt(Float64(1.0 - x)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x + x) / (sqrt((x + 1.0)) + sqrt((1.0 - x))); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x + x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + x}{\sqrt{x + 1} + \sqrt{1 - x}}
\end{array}
Initial program 8.7%
flip--8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
associate--r-21.4%
add-exp-log21.4%
expm1-undefine21.4%
log1p-define100.0%
expm1-log1p-u100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification100.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x x) (+ (sqrt (- 1.0 x)) (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.5 (* x (- (* x 0.0625) 0.125))))))))
double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / (sqrt((1.0 - x)) + (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * ((x * 0.0625) - 0.125))))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x + x) / (sqrt((1.0d0 - x)) + (1.0d0 + (x * (0.5d0 + (x * ((x * 0.0625d0) - 0.125d0))))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / (Math.sqrt((1.0 - x)) + (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * ((x * 0.0625) - 0.125))))));
}
def code(x): return (x + x) / (math.sqrt((1.0 - x)) + (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * ((x * 0.0625) - 0.125))))))
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x + x) / Float64(sqrt(Float64(1.0 - x)) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * 0.0625) - 0.125))))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x + x) / (sqrt((1.0 - x)) + (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * ((x * 0.0625) - 0.125)))))); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x + x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * N[(N[(x * 0.0625), $MachinePrecision] - 0.125), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + x}{\sqrt{1 - x} + \left(1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.0625 - 0.125\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 8.7%
flip--8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
associate--r-21.4%
add-exp-log21.4%
expm1-undefine21.4%
log1p-define100.0%
expm1-log1p-u100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x x) (+ (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.5 (* x -0.125)))) (+ 1.0 (* x (- (* x -0.125) 0.5))))))
double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * -0.125) - 0.5))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x + x) / ((1.0d0 + (x * (0.5d0 + (x * (-0.125d0))))) + (1.0d0 + (x * ((x * (-0.125d0)) - 0.5d0))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * -0.125) - 0.5))));
}
def code(x): return (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * -0.125) - 0.5))))
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x + x) / Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * -0.125)))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * -0.125) - 0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * -0.125) - 0.5)))); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x + x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * -0.125), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(N[(x * -0.125), $MachinePrecision] - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + x}{\left(1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.125\right)\right) + \left(1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot -0.125 - 0.5\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 8.7%
flip--8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
associate--r-21.4%
add-exp-log21.4%
expm1-undefine21.4%
log1p-define100.0%
expm1-log1p-u100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.0%
*-commutative98.8%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x x) (+ (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.5 (* x -0.125)))) (+ 1.0 (* x -0.5)))))
double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * -0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (x + x) / ((1.0d0 + (x * (0.5d0 + (x * (-0.125d0))))) + (1.0d0 + (x * (-0.5d0))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * -0.5)));
}
def code(x): return (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * -0.5)))
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(x + x) / Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * -0.125)))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * -0.5)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (x + x) / ((1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.125)))) + (1.0 + (x * -0.5))); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x + x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * -0.125), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(x * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + x}{\left(1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.125\right)\right) + \left(1 + x \cdot -0.5\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 8.7%
flip--8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
add-sqr-sqrt8.7%
associate--r-21.4%
add-exp-log21.4%
expm1-undefine21.4%
log1p-define100.0%
expm1-log1p-u100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
*-commutative98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
*-commutative98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 x)
double code(double x) {
return x;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = x
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return x;
}
def code(x): return x
function code(x) return x end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = x; end
code[x_] := x
\begin{array}{l}
\\
x
\end{array}
Initial program 8.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (* 2.0 x) (+ (sqrt (+ 1.0 x)) (sqrt (- 1.0 x)))))
double code(double x) {
return (2.0 * x) / (sqrt((1.0 + x)) + sqrt((1.0 - x)));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = (2.0d0 * x) / (sqrt((1.0d0 + x)) + sqrt((1.0d0 - x)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return (2.0 * x) / (Math.sqrt((1.0 + x)) + Math.sqrt((1.0 - x)));
}
def code(x): return (2.0 * x) / (math.sqrt((1.0 + x)) + math.sqrt((1.0 - x)))
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(2.0 * x) / Float64(sqrt(Float64(1.0 + x)) + sqrt(Float64(1.0 - x)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = (2.0 * x) / (sqrt((1.0 + x)) + sqrt((1.0 - x))); end
code[x_] := N[(N[(2.0 * x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{2 \cdot x}{\sqrt{1 + x} + \sqrt{1 - x}}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024079
(FPCore (x)
:name "bug333 (missed optimization)"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (<= -1.0 x) (<= x 1.0))
:alt
(/ (* 2.0 x) (+ (sqrt (+ 1.0 x)) (sqrt (- 1.0 x))))
(- (sqrt (+ 1.0 x)) (sqrt (- 1.0 x))))