
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (/ (+ (exp (/ PI (- s))) (- 1.0 u)) u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)) + (1.0f - u)) / u));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))) + Float32(Float32(1.0) - u)) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((exp((single(pi) / -s)) + (single(1.0) - u)) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}} + \left(1 - u\right)}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 86.4%
+-commutative86.4%
Simplified86.4%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 97.6%
associate-*r*97.6%
neg-mul-197.6%
sub-neg97.6%
mul-1-neg97.6%
distribute-frac-neg297.6%
metadata-eval97.6%
Simplified97.6%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 97.7%
associate-+r+97.7%
+-commutative97.7%
associate-+l+97.7%
mul-1-neg97.7%
distribute-frac-neg297.7%
mul-1-neg97.7%
sub-neg97.7%
Simplified97.7%
Final simplification97.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (/ (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))) u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s))) / u));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s)))) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s))) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 86.4%
+-commutative86.4%
Simplified86.4%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 97.6%
associate-*r*97.6%
neg-mul-197.6%
sub-neg97.6%
mul-1-neg97.6%
distribute-frac-neg297.6%
metadata-eval97.6%
Simplified97.6%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 77.3%
mul-1-neg77.3%
distribute-frac-neg277.3%
Simplified77.3%
Final simplification77.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 u)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / u)));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = -s * log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / u)))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 86.4%
+-commutative86.4%
Simplified86.4%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 97.6%
associate-*r*97.6%
neg-mul-197.6%
sub-neg97.6%
mul-1-neg97.6%
distribute-frac-neg297.6%
metadata-eval97.6%
Simplified97.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.3%
sub-neg37.3%
associate-*r/37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Simplified37.3%
Final simplification37.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 86.4%
+-commutative86.4%
Simplified86.4%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
associate-*r*25.1%
neg-mul-125.1%
log1p-define25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Final simplification25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (* PI (+ -0.25 (* u 0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (-0.25f + (u * 0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(-0.25) + (u * single(0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(-0.25 + u \cdot 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
*-un-lft-identity98.8%
exp-prod98.8%
Applied egg-rr98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.4%
associate--r+11.4%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.4%
distribute-rgt-out--11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
*-commutative11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
+-commutative11.4%
associate-*r*11.4%
*-commutative11.4%
distribute-rgt-out11.4%
Simplified11.4%
Final simplification11.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* u (- (* PI 2.0) (/ PI u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return u * ((((float) M_PI) * 2.0f) - (((float) M_PI) / u));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0)) - Float32(Float32(pi) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = u * ((single(pi) * single(2.0)) - (single(pi) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2 - \frac{\pi}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
*-un-lft-identity98.8%
exp-prod98.8%
Applied egg-rr98.8%
add-cube-cbrt97.5%
pow397.6%
Applied egg-rr97.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.4%
associate--r+11.4%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.4%
distribute-rgt-out--11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
*-commutative11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
*-commutative11.4%
Simplified11.4%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 11.4%
associate-*r/11.4%
rem-cube-cbrt11.4%
*-commutative11.4%
associate-*r*11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
neg-mul-111.4%
rem-cube-cbrt11.4%
*-commutative11.4%
associate-*r*11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
Simplified11.4%
Final simplification11.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.2%
neg-mul-111.2%
Simplified11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024079
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))