
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- (* x x) 3.0) 6.0))
double code(double x) {
return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = ((x * x) - 3.0d0) / 6.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0;
}
def code(x): return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0; end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / 6.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x \cdot x - 3}{6}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- (* x x) 3.0) 6.0))
double code(double x) {
return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = ((x * x) - 3.0d0) / 6.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0;
}
def code(x): return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0; end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / 6.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x \cdot x - 3}{6}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* (fma x x -3.0) 0.16666666666666666))
double code(double x) {
return fma(x, x, -3.0) * 0.16666666666666666;
}
function code(x) return Float64(fma(x, x, -3.0) * 0.16666666666666666) end
code[x_] := N[(N[(x * x + -3.0), $MachinePrecision] * 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, -3\right) \cdot 0.16666666666666666
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
*-rgt-identity99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-*l/99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
fma-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Final simplification99.9%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 1.7) -0.5 (/ (* x x) (- -6.0))))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.7) {
tmp = -0.5;
} else {
tmp = (x * x) / -(-6.0);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 1.7d0) then
tmp = -0.5d0
else
tmp = (x * x) / -(-6.0d0)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.7) {
tmp = -0.5;
} else {
tmp = (x * x) / -(-6.0);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 1.7: tmp = -0.5 else: tmp = (x * x) / -(-6.0) return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 1.7) tmp = -0.5; else tmp = Float64(Float64(x * x) / Float64(-(-6.0))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 1.7) tmp = -0.5; else tmp = (x * x) / -(-6.0); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.7], -0.5, N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] / (--6.0)), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.7:\\
\;\;\;\;-0.5\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x \cdot x}{--6}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 1.69999999999999996Initial program 99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
*-rgt-identity99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-*l/99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
fma-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.8%
if 1.69999999999999996 < x Initial program 99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
*-rgt-identity99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-*l/99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
fma-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.1%
*-commutative98.1%
unpow298.1%
associate-*r*98.1%
metadata-eval98.1%
div-inv98.1%
frac-2neg98.1%
associate-*r/98.1%
metadata-eval98.1%
Applied egg-rr98.1%
Final simplification75.2%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 1.7) -0.5 (/ x (/ 6.0 x))))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.7) {
tmp = -0.5;
} else {
tmp = x / (6.0 / x);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 1.7d0) then
tmp = -0.5d0
else
tmp = x / (6.0d0 / x)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.7) {
tmp = -0.5;
} else {
tmp = x / (6.0 / x);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 1.7: tmp = -0.5 else: tmp = x / (6.0 / x) return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 1.7) tmp = -0.5; else tmp = Float64(x / Float64(6.0 / x)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 1.7) tmp = -0.5; else tmp = x / (6.0 / x); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.7], -0.5, N[(x / N[(6.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.7:\\
\;\;\;\;-0.5\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{\frac{6}{x}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 1.69999999999999996Initial program 99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
*-rgt-identity99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-*l/99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
fma-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.8%
if 1.69999999999999996 < x Initial program 99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
*-rgt-identity99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-*l/99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
fma-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.1%
*-commutative98.1%
unpow298.1%
associate-*r*98.1%
metadata-eval98.1%
div-inv98.1%
clear-num98.1%
un-div-inv98.0%
Applied egg-rr98.0%
Final simplification75.2%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- (* x x) 3.0) 6.0))
double code(double x) {
return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = ((x * x) - 3.0d0) / 6.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0;
}
def code(x): return ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0
function code(x) return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = ((x * x) - 3.0) / 6.0; end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / 6.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x \cdot x - 3}{6}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
Final simplification99.9%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 -0.5)
double code(double x) {
return -0.5;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = -0.5d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return -0.5;
}
def code(x): return -0.5
function code(x) return -0.5 end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = -0.5; end
code[x_] := -0.5
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
*-rgt-identity99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-*l/99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
sqr-neg99.9%
fma-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.3%
Final simplification51.3%
herbie shell --seed 2024078
(FPCore (x)
:name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:invIncompleteBetaWorker from math-functions-0.1.5.2, H"
:precision binary64
(/ (- (* x x) 3.0) 6.0))