Logistic distribution

Percentage Accurate: 99.5% → 99.4%
Time: 15.6s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.2×

Specification

?
\[0 \leq s \land s \leq 1.0651631\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\ t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\ \frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0)))
   (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
	float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
	float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
	return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4) :: t_0
    real(4) :: t_1
    t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
    t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
    code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s)
	t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s))
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0)
	return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1))
end
function tmp = code(x, s)
	t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s));
	t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0;
	tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\ t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\ \frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0)))
   (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
	float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
	float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
	return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4) :: t_0
    real(4) :: t_1
    t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
    t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
    code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s)
	t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s))
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0)
	return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1))
end
function tmp = code(x, s)
	t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s));
	t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0;
	tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.4% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left|x\_m\right| \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(t\_0\right)}}{s}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + t\_0}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ x_m s))))
   (if (<= (fabs x_m) 0.20000000298023224)
     (/ (exp (+ (/ x_m s) (* -2.0 (log1p t_0)))) s)
     (/ (/ 0.5 s) (+ 1.0 t_0)))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	float t_0 = expf((x_m / s));
	float tmp;
	if (fabsf(x_m) <= 0.20000000298023224f) {
		tmp = expf(((x_m / s) + (-2.0f * log1pf(t_0)))) / s;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5f / s) / (1.0f + t_0);
	}
	return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	t_0 = exp(Float32(x_m / s))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (abs(x_m) <= Float32(0.20000000298023224))
		tmp = Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(x_m / s) + Float32(Float32(-2.0) * log1p(t_0)))) / s);
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / s) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0));
	end
	return tmp
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;\left|x\_m\right| \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(t\_0\right)}}{s}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + t\_0}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (fabs.f32 x) < 0.200000003

    1. Initial program 98.4%

      \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fabs-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg298.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      4. fabs-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. fabs-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
      7. +-commutative98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
      8. fabs-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Applied egg-rr78.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{s} \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/79.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}} \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}^{2}}}{s}} \]
      2. add-exp-log79.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{1}{{\left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}}{s} \]
      3. prod-exp97.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{x}{s} + \log \left(\frac{1}{{\left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}}{s} \]
      4. pow-flip97.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s} + \log \color{blue}{\left({\left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}\right)}}}{s} \]
      5. log-pow98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s} + \color{blue}{\left(-2\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}}}{s} \]
      6. metadata-eval98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s} + \color{blue}{-2} \cdot \log \left(1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}}{s} \]
      7. log1p-define98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s} + -2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}}}{s} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{x}{s} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}}{s}} \]

    if 0.200000003 < (fabs.f32 x)

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg2100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      4. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
      7. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
      8. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Applied egg-rr45.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 56.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/56.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity56.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \]
    8. Applied egg-rr56.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left|x\right| \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{x}{s} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\frac{x}{s}}\right)}}{s}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}}\\ \frac{t\_0}{\left(1 + t\_0\right) \cdot \left(s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{s}}}\right)} \end{array} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (fabs x_m) (- s)))))
   (/ t_0 (* (+ 1.0 t_0) (+ s (/ s (exp (/ (fabs x_m) s))))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	float t_0 = expf((fabsf(x_m) / -s));
	return t_0 / ((1.0f + t_0) * (s + (s / expf((fabsf(x_m) / s)))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4) :: t_0
    t_0 = exp((abs(x_m) / -s))
    code = t_0 / ((1.0e0 + t_0) * (s + (s / exp((abs(x_m) / s)))))
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	t_0 = exp(Float32(abs(x_m) / Float32(-s)))
	return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) * Float32(s + Float32(s / exp(Float32(abs(x_m) / s))))))
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	t_0 = exp((abs(x_m) / -s));
	tmp = t_0 / ((single(1.0) + t_0) * (s + (s / exp((abs(x_m) / s)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}}\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(1 + t\_0\right) \cdot \left(s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{s}}}\right)}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}}\right)}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Final simplification99.3%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}}\right)} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.5% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}}\\ \frac{\frac{t\_0}{s}}{{\left(1 + t\_0\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (fabs x_m) (- s))))) (/ (/ t_0 s) (pow (+ 1.0 t_0) 2.0))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	float t_0 = expf((fabsf(x_m) / -s));
	return (t_0 / s) / powf((1.0f + t_0), 2.0f);
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4) :: t_0
    t_0 = exp((abs(x_m) / -s))
    code = (t_0 / s) / ((1.0e0 + t_0) ** 2.0e0)
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	t_0 = exp(Float32(abs(x_m) / Float32(-s)))
	return Float32(Float32(t_0 / s) / (Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) ^ Float32(2.0)))
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	t_0 = exp((abs(x_m) / -s));
	tmp = (t_0 / s) / ((single(1.0) + t_0) ^ single(2.0));
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}}\\
\frac{\frac{t\_0}{s}}{{\left(1 + t\_0\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}}{s \cdot {\left(1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)}^{2}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}}{s}}{{\left(1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}}}{s}}{{\left(1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    3. distribute-neg-frac299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}}{s}}{{\left(1 + e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    4. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s}}{{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-1 \cdot \frac{\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}}^{2}} \]
    5. mul-1-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s}}{{\left(e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|x\right|}{s}}} + 1\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. distribute-neg-frac299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s}}{{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}} + 1\right)}^{2}} \]
  7. Simplified99.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s}}{{\left(e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}} + 1\right)}^{2}}} \]
  8. Final simplification99.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s}}{{\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)}^{2}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 94.9% accurate, 5.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{x\_m}{s}\right)}}}{s} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (pow E (/ x_m s))))) s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	return (0.5f * (1.0f / (1.0f + powf(((float) M_E), (x_m / s))))) / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(x_m / s))))) / s)
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = (single(0.5) * (single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (x_m / s))))) / s;
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{x\_m}{s}\right)}}}{s}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Applied egg-rr63.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot 0.5}{s}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr63.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot 0.5}{s}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity63.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{x}{s}}}} \cdot 0.5}{s} \]
    2. exp-prod63.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\frac{x}{s}\right)}}} \cdot 0.5}{s} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\frac{x}{s}\right)}}} \cdot 0.5}{s} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-1-e63.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{1 + {\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\frac{x}{s}\right)}} \cdot 0.5}{s} \]
  12. Simplified63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{{e}^{\left(\frac{x}{s}\right)}}} \cdot 0.5}{s} \]
  13. Final simplification63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{x}{s}\right)}}}{s} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 94.8% accurate, 5.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.5 s) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ x_m s)))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	return (0.5f / s) / (1.0f + expf((x_m / s)));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    code = (0.5e0 / s) / (1.0e0 + exp((x_m / s)))
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / s) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(x_m / s))))
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = (single(0.5) / s) / (single(1.0) + exp((x_m / s)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Applied egg-rr63.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/63.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity63.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr63.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}} \]
  9. Final simplification63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{s}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 94.9% accurate, 5.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \frac{\frac{-0.5}{-1 - e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}}}{s} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ -0.5 (- -1.0 (exp (/ x_m s)))) s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	return (-0.5f / (-1.0f - expf((x_m / s)))) / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    code = ((-0.5e0) / ((-1.0e0) - exp((x_m / s)))) / s
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.5) / Float32(Float32(-1.0) - exp(Float32(x_m / s)))) / s)
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = (single(-0.5) / (single(-1.0) - exp((x_m / s)))) / s;
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\frac{\frac{-0.5}{-1 - e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}}}{s}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Applied egg-rr63.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot 0.5}{s}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr63.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot 0.5}{s}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. frac-2neg63.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot 0.5}{-s}} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg263.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{-\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot 0.5}{s}} \]
    3. associate-*l/63.8%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{-\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 0.5}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}}}{s} \]
    4. metadata-eval63.8%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{-\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}}{s} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac63.8%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}}}{s} \]
    6. metadata-eval63.8%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-0.5}}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}}{s} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr63.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{\frac{-0.5}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}}}{s}} \]
  11. Final simplification63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{-0.5}{-1 - e^{\frac{x}{s}}}}{s} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 50.3% accurate, 47.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \frac{1}{\frac{s}{0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{2 + \frac{x\_m}{s}}}} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s)
 :precision binary32
 (/ 1.0 (/ s (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 (+ 2.0 (/ x_m s)))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	return 1.0f / (s / (0.5f * (1.0f / (2.0f + (x_m / s)))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    code = 1.0e0 / (s / (0.5e0 * (1.0e0 / (2.0e0 + (x_m / s)))))
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(s / Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(x_m / s))))))
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = single(1.0) / (s / (single(0.5) * (single(1.0) / (single(2.0) + (x_m / s)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\frac{1}{\frac{s}{0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{2 + \frac{x\_m}{s}}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Applied egg-rr63.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{s} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2 + \frac{x}{s}} \cdot 0.5}{s}} \]
    2. clear-num51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{s}{\frac{1}{2 + \frac{x}{s}} \cdot 0.5}}} \]
    3. +-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{s}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{x}{s} + 2}} \cdot 0.5}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{s}{\frac{1}{\frac{x}{s} + 2} \cdot 0.5}}} \]
  10. Final simplification51.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{s}{0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{2 + \frac{x}{s}}}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 44.2% accurate, 51.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 0.004999999888241291:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{s}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{s} \cdot \frac{s}{x\_m}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= x_m 0.004999999888241291) (/ 0.25 s) (* (/ 0.5 s) (/ s x_m))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	float tmp;
	if (x_m <= 0.004999999888241291f) {
		tmp = 0.25f / s;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5f / s) * (s / x_m);
	}
	return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4) :: tmp
    if (x_m <= 0.004999999888241291e0) then
        tmp = 0.25e0 / s
    else
        tmp = (0.5e0 / s) * (s / x_m)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (x_m <= Float32(0.004999999888241291))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(0.25) / s);
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / s) * Float32(s / x_m));
	end
	return tmp
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp_2 = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if (x_m <= single(0.004999999888241291))
		tmp = single(0.25) / s;
	else
		tmp = (single(0.5) / s) * (s / x_m);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 0.004999999888241291:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{s}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{s} \cdot \frac{s}{x\_m}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 0.00499999989

    1. Initial program 98.9%

      \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fabs-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg298.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      4. fabs-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. fabs-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
      7. +-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
      8. fabs-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in s around inf 40.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{s}} \]

    if 0.00499999989 < x

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-frac-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg2100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      4. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
      7. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
      8. fabs-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Applied egg-rr-0.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 44.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{s} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around inf 33.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{s}{x}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{s} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification38.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 0.004999999888241291:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{s}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{s} \cdot \frac{s}{x}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 50.3% accurate, 68.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \frac{0.5}{s \cdot \left(2 + \frac{x\_m}{s}\right)} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.5 (* s (+ 2.0 (/ x_m s)))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	return 0.5f / (s * (2.0f + (x_m / s)));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    code = 0.5e0 / (s * (2.0e0 + (x_m / s)))
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(x_m / s))))
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = single(0.5) / (s * (single(2.0) + (x_m / s)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\frac{0.5}{s \cdot \left(2 + \frac{x\_m}{s}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Applied egg-rr63.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{x}{s}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(s, e^{\frac{x}{s}}, s\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 63.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{s}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{x}{s}}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{s} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{2 + \frac{x}{s}}{1}}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{s} \]
    2. frac-times51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 0.5}{\frac{2 + \frac{x}{s}}{1} \cdot s}} \]
    3. metadata-eval51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\frac{2 + \frac{x}{s}}{1} \cdot s} \]
    4. /-rgt-identity51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(2 + \frac{x}{s}\right)} \cdot s} \]
    5. +-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{s} + 2\right)} \cdot s} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\left(\frac{x}{s} + 2\right) \cdot s}} \]
  10. Final simplification51.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{s \cdot \left(2 + \frac{x}{s}\right)} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 26.8% accurate, 206.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ \frac{0.25}{s} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f32 x)
(FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
	return 0.25f / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    code = 0.25e0 / s
end function
x_m = abs(x)
function code(x_m, s)
	return Float32(Float32(0.25) / s)
end
x_m = abs(x);
function tmp = code(x_m, s)
	tmp = single(0.25) / s;
end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|

\\
\frac{0.25}{s}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.2%

    \[\frac{e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-frac-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{\left|-x\right|}{s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg299.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\left|-x\right|}{-s}}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    4. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{\left|x\right|}}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\right)\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
    8. fabs-neg99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|-x\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left|-x\right|}}{s}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot \left(\left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right) \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{\left|x\right|}{-s}}\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in s around inf 31.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.25}{s}} \]
  6. Final simplification31.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{s} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024076 
(FPCore (x s)
  :name "Logistic distribution"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631))
  (/ (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)) (* (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)))) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))))))