Rosa's TurbineBenchmark

Percentage Accurate: 84.8% → 99.2%
Time: 16.0s
Alternatives: 4
Speedup: 1.5×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (-
  (-
   (+ 3.0 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
   (/ (* (* 0.125 (- 3.0 (* 2.0 v))) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v)))
  4.5))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    code = ((3.0d0 + (2.0d0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125d0 * (3.0d0 - (2.0d0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0d0 - v))) - 4.5d0
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 + Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(0.125 * Float64(3.0 - Float64(2.0 * v))) * Float64(Float64(Float64(w * w) * r) * r)) / Float64(1.0 - v))) - 4.5)
end
function tmp = code(v, w, r)
	tmp = ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(N[(3.0 + N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(0.125 * N[(3.0 - N[(2.0 * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(w * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 4 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 84.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (-
  (-
   (+ 3.0 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
   (/ (* (* 0.125 (- 3.0 (* 2.0 v))) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v)))
  4.5))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    code = ((3.0d0 + (2.0d0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125d0 * (3.0d0 - (2.0d0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0d0 - v))) - 4.5d0
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 + Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(0.125 * Float64(3.0 - Float64(2.0 * v))) * Float64(Float64(Float64(w * w) * r) * r)) / Float64(1.0 - v))) - 4.5)
end
function tmp = code(v, w, r)
	tmp = ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(N[(3.0 + N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(0.125 * N[(3.0 - N[(2.0 * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(w * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.2% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+22} \lor \neg \left(v \leq 3.1 \cdot 10^{-7}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot w}{v}\right) - 4.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (+ (/ 2.0 (* r r)) 3.0)))
   (if (or (<= v -5e+22) (not (<= v 3.1e-7)))
     (+ t_0 (- (* (* v -0.25) (* (* r w) (/ (* r w) v))) 4.5))
     (- t_0 (+ 4.5 (* 0.375 (* (* r w) (* r w))))))))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0;
	double tmp;
	if ((v <= -5e+22) || !(v <= 3.1e-7)) {
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * ((r * w) / v))) - 4.5);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = (2.0d0 / (r * r)) + 3.0d0
    if ((v <= (-5d+22)) .or. (.not. (v <= 3.1d-7))) then
        tmp = t_0 + (((v * (-0.25d0)) * ((r * w) * ((r * w) / v))) - 4.5d0)
    else
        tmp = t_0 - (4.5d0 + (0.375d0 * ((r * w) * (r * w))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0;
	double tmp;
	if ((v <= -5e+22) || !(v <= 3.1e-7)) {
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * ((r * w) / v))) - 4.5);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0
	tmp = 0
	if (v <= -5e+22) or not (v <= 3.1e-7):
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * ((r * w) / v))) - 4.5)
	else:
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))))
	return tmp
function code(v, w, r)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) + 3.0)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((v <= -5e+22) || !(v <= 3.1e-7))
		tmp = Float64(t_0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(v * -0.25) * Float64(Float64(r * w) * Float64(Float64(r * w) / v))) - 4.5));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_0 - Float64(4.5 + Float64(0.375 * Float64(Float64(r * w) * Float64(r * w)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(v, w, r)
	t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((v <= -5e+22) || ~((v <= 3.1e-7)))
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * ((r * w) / v))) - 4.5);
	else
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[v, -5e+22], N[Not[LessEqual[v, 3.1e-7]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(t$95$0 + N[(N[(N[(v * -0.25), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$0 - N[(4.5 + N[(0.375 * N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\\
\mathbf{if}\;v \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+22} \lor \neg \left(v \leq 3.1 \cdot 10^{-7}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot w}{v}\right) - 4.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if v < -4.9999999999999996e22 or 3.1e-7 < v

    1. Initial program 83.2%

      \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l-83.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*80.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      3. sqr-neg80.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-r\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*83.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*90.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. fma-define90.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right), \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)} \]
    3. Simplified90.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*90.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)}{1 - v}\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      2. *-commutative90.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r}}{1 - v}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/89.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*97.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-*r*98.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. *-commutative98.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
    7. Taylor expanded in v around inf 97.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.25 \cdot v\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative97.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot -0.25\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    9. Simplified97.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot -0.25\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    10. Taylor expanded in v around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{r \cdot w}{v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)}{v}}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      2. mul-1-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{-r \cdot w}}{v}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    12. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-r \cdot w}{v}}\right) + 4.5\right) \]

    if -4.9999999999999996e22 < v < 3.1e-7

    1. Initial program 87.3%

      \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l-87.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*82.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      3. sqr-neg82.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-r\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. fma-define87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right), \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)} \]
    3. Simplified87.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)}{1 - v}\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      2. *-commutative87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r}}{1 - v}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*98.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-*r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
    7. Taylor expanded in v around 0 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{0.375} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    8. Taylor expanded in v around 0 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(0.375 \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+22} \lor \neg \left(v \leq 3.1 \cdot 10^{-7}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) + \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot w}{v}\right) - 4.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 95.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{w}{v}\right)\right) - 4.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (+ (/ 2.0 (* r r)) 3.0)))
   (if (<= v 2e-7)
     (- t_0 (+ 4.5 (* 0.375 (* (* r w) (* r w)))))
     (+ t_0 (- (* (* v -0.25) (* (* r w) (* r (/ w v)))) 4.5)))))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0;
	double tmp;
	if (v <= 2e-7) {
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * (r * (w / v)))) - 4.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = (2.0d0 / (r * r)) + 3.0d0
    if (v <= 2d-7) then
        tmp = t_0 - (4.5d0 + (0.375d0 * ((r * w) * (r * w))))
    else
        tmp = t_0 + (((v * (-0.25d0)) * ((r * w) * (r * (w / v)))) - 4.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0;
	double tmp;
	if (v <= 2e-7) {
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * (r * (w / v)))) - 4.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0
	tmp = 0
	if v <= 2e-7:
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))))
	else:
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * (r * (w / v)))) - 4.5)
	return tmp
function code(v, w, r)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) + 3.0)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (v <= 2e-7)
		tmp = Float64(t_0 - Float64(4.5 + Float64(0.375 * Float64(Float64(r * w) * Float64(r * w)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(v * -0.25) * Float64(Float64(r * w) * Float64(r * Float64(w / v)))) - 4.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(v, w, r)
	t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (v <= 2e-7)
		tmp = t_0 - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
	else
		tmp = t_0 + (((v * -0.25) * ((r * w) * (r * (w / v)))) - 4.5);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[v, 2e-7], N[(t$95$0 - N[(4.5 + N[(0.375 * N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$0 + N[(N[(N[(v * -0.25), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(r * N[(w / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\\
\mathbf{if}\;v \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 + \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{w}{v}\right)\right) - 4.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if v < 1.9999999999999999e-7

    1. Initial program 85.4%

      \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l-85.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      3. sqr-neg81.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-r\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*85.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*88.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. fma-define88.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right), \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)} \]
    3. Simplified88.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*88.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)}{1 - v}\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      2. *-commutative88.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r}}{1 - v}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/88.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*97.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-*r*99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
    7. Taylor expanded in v around 0 90.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{0.375} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    8. Taylor expanded in v around 0 95.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(0.375 \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]

    if 1.9999999999999999e-7 < v

    1. Initial program 84.2%

      \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l-84.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
      2. associate-*l*80.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      3. sqr-neg80.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-r\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*84.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*91.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. fma-define91.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right), \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)} \]
    3. Simplified91.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*91.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)}{1 - v}\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      2. *-commutative91.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r}}{1 - v}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      3. associate-*r/90.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      4. associate-*l*98.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      5. associate-*r*98.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
      6. *-commutative98.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
    7. Taylor expanded in v around inf 96.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.25 \cdot v\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative96.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot -0.25\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    9. Simplified96.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot -0.25\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    10. Taylor expanded in v around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{r \cdot w}{v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{r \cdot w}{v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      2. associate-/l*98.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{r \cdot \frac{w}{v}}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \left(-\frac{w}{v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    12. Simplified98.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \left(-\frac{w}{v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification96.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) + \left(\left(v \cdot -0.25\right) \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{w}{v}\right)\right) - 4.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + v \cdot -0.25}{\frac{1 - v}{\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (/ 2.0 (* r r))
  (- -1.5 (/ (+ 0.375 (* v -0.25)) (/ (- 1.0 v) (* (* r w) (* r w)))))))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return (2.0 / (r * r)) + (-1.5 - ((0.375 + (v * -0.25)) / ((1.0 - v) / ((r * w) * (r * w)))));
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    code = (2.0d0 / (r * r)) + ((-1.5d0) - ((0.375d0 + (v * (-0.25d0))) / ((1.0d0 - v) / ((r * w) * (r * w)))))
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return (2.0 / (r * r)) + (-1.5 - ((0.375 + (v * -0.25)) / ((1.0 - v) / ((r * w) * (r * w)))));
}
def code(v, w, r):
	return (2.0 / (r * r)) + (-1.5 - ((0.375 + (v * -0.25)) / ((1.0 - v) / ((r * w) * (r * w)))))
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) + Float64(-1.5 - Float64(Float64(0.375 + Float64(v * -0.25)) / Float64(Float64(1.0 - v) / Float64(Float64(r * w) * Float64(r * w))))))
end
function tmp = code(v, w, r)
	tmp = (2.0 / (r * r)) + (-1.5 - ((0.375 + (v * -0.25)) / ((1.0 - v) / ((r * w) * (r * w)))));
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.5 - N[(N[(0.375 + N[(v * -0.25), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + v \cdot -0.25}{\frac{1 - v}{\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)}}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 85.0%

    \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
  2. Simplified88.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(v, -2, 3\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-undefine88.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot -2 + 3\right)}\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. *-commutative88.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-2 \cdot v} + 3\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. +-commutative88.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)}\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval88.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + \color{blue}{\left(-2\right)} \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. cancel-sign-sub-inv88.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)}\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. associate-*r/89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r}{1 - v}}\right)\right) \]
    7. *-commutative89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)}}{1 - v}\right)\right) \]
    8. associate-/l*89.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}{1 - v}}\right) \]
    9. clear-num89.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    10. un-div-inv89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    11. cancel-sign-sub-inv89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.125 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(-2\right) \cdot v\right)}}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.125 \cdot \left(3 + \color{blue}{-2} \cdot v\right)}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    13. distribute-rgt-in89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{\color{blue}{3 \cdot 0.125 + \left(-2 \cdot v\right) \cdot 0.125}}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    14. metadata-eval89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{\color{blue}{0.375} + \left(-2 \cdot v\right) \cdot 0.125}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    15. *-commutative89.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot -2\right)} \cdot 0.125}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    16. associate-*l*89.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + \color{blue}{v \cdot \left(-2 \cdot 0.125\right)}}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    17. metadata-eval89.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + v \cdot \color{blue}{-0.25}}{\frac{1 - v}{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.375 + v \cdot -0.25}{\frac{1 - v}{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}}}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow299.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + v \cdot -0.25}{\frac{1 - v}{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)}}}\right) \]
  7. Applied egg-rr99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + v \cdot -0.25}{\frac{1 - v}{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)}}}\right) \]
  8. Final simplification99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(-1.5 - \frac{0.375 + v \cdot -0.25}{\frac{1 - v}{\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)}}\right) \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 93.2% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (- (+ (/ 2.0 (* r r)) 3.0) (+ 4.5 (* 0.375 (* (* r w) (* r w))))))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0) - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    code = ((2.0d0 / (r * r)) + 3.0d0) - (4.5d0 + (0.375d0 * ((r * w) * (r * w))))
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0) - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
}
def code(v, w, r):
	return ((2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0) - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))))
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) + 3.0) - Float64(4.5 + Float64(0.375 * Float64(Float64(r * w) * Float64(r * w)))))
end
function tmp = code(v, w, r)
	tmp = ((2.0 / (r * r)) + 3.0) - (4.5 + (0.375 * ((r * w) * (r * w))));
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 3.0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.5 + N[(0.375 * N[(N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(r * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 85.0%

    \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l-85.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
    2. associate-*l*81.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
    3. sqr-neg81.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-r\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
    4. associate-*l*85.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right)}}{1 - v} + 4.5\right) \]
    5. associate-/l*89.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}} + 4.5\right) \]
    6. fma-define89.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right), \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)\right) \cdot \left(-r\right)}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)} \]
  3. Simplified89.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}{1 - v} + 4.5\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*89.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot \frac{r \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)}{1 - v}\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
    2. *-commutative89.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r}}{1 - v}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/88.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    4. associate-*l*97.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
    5. associate-*r*99.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
    6. *-commutative99.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 + -2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right)} + 4.5\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in v around 0 81.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{0.375} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}\right)\right) + 4.5\right) \]
  8. Taylor expanded in v around 0 93.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(0.375 \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}\right) + 4.5\right) \]
  9. Final simplification93.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right) - \left(4.5 + 0.375 \cdot \left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot w\right)\right)\right) \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024076 
(FPCore (v w r)
  :name "Rosa's TurbineBenchmark"
  :precision binary64
  (- (- (+ 3.0 (/ 2.0 (* r r))) (/ (* (* 0.125 (- 3.0 (* 2.0 v))) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v))) 4.5))