Hyperbolic arcsine

Percentage Accurate: 17.6% → 99.9%

Time: 10.3s

Alternatives: 9

Speedup: 207.0×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (log (+ x (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	return log((x + sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = log((x + sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0d0))))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.log((x + Math.sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))));
}

Python

def code(x):
	return math.log((x + math.sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))))

Julia

function code(x)
	return log(Float64(x + sqrt(Float64(Float64(x * x) + 1.0))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = log((x + sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))));
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[Log[N[(x + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 17.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (log (+ x (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	return log((x + sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = log((x + sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0d0))))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.log((x + Math.sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))));
}

Python

def code(x):
	return math.log((x + math.sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))))

Julia

function code(x)
	return log(Float64(x + sqrt(Float64(Float64(x * x) + 1.0))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = log((x + sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))));
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[Log[N[(x + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -10:\\ \;\;\;\;-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + x \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -10.0)
   (- (log (- (hypot 1.0 x) x)))
   (log1p (+ x (* x (/ x (+ 1.0 (hypot 1.0 x))))))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -10.0) {
		tmp = -log((hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	} else {
		tmp = log1p((x + (x * (x / (1.0 + hypot(1.0, x))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -10.0) {
		tmp = -Math.log((Math.hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log1p((x + (x * (x / (1.0 + Math.hypot(1.0, x))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -10.0:
		tmp = -math.log((math.hypot(1.0, x) - x))
	else:
		tmp = math.log1p((x + (x * (x / (1.0 + math.hypot(1.0, x))))))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -10.0)
		tmp = Float64(-log(Float64(hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	else
		tmp = log1p(Float64(x + Float64(x * Float64(x / Float64(1.0 + hypot(1.0, x))))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -10.0], (-N[Log[N[(N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), N[Log[1 + N[(x + N[(x * N[(x / N[(1.0 + N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -10

   1. Initial program 5.7%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. flip-+ 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      2. clear-num 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}}\right)} \]

      3. log-div 5.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 1 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      4. metadata-eval 5.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      5. pow2 5.9%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      6. hypot-1-def 5.9%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      7. hypot-1-def 5.9%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \sqrt{1 + x \cdot x} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}}}\right) \]

      8. add-sqr-sqrt 7.3%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(1 + x \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]

      9. +-commutative 7.3%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}\right) \]

      10. fma-define 7.3%

          \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}}\right) \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 7.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. neg-sub0 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]

      2. div-sub 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]

      3. fma-undefine 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      4. unpow2 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      5. associate--r+ 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      6. +-inverses 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{0} - 1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      7. metadata-eval 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{-1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      8. *-rgt-identity 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot 1}}{-1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      9. associate-/l* 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{-1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{-1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      11. *-rgt-identity 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      12. fma-undefine 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)}\right) \]

      14. associate--r+ 50.9%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}}\right) \]

      15. +-inverses 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{0} - 1}\right) \]

      16. metadata-eval 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{-1}}\right) \]

      17. associate-/l* 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1}}\right) \]

      18. metadata-eval 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]

      19. *-commutative 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      20. neg-mul-1 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}\right) \]

   8. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)} \]

   if -10 < x

   1. Initial program 19.6%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 19.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 19.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 19.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 34.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-log1p-u 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. expm1-undefine 34.5%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} - 1\right)} \]

      3. log1p-undefine 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)}} - 1\right) \]

      4. rem-exp-log 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)} - 1\right) \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 34.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right) - 1\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate--l+ 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right) - 1\right)\right)} \]

      2. log1p-define 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right) - 1\right)} \]

      3. associate--l+ 99.2%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{x + \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1\right)}\right) \]

   8. Applied egg-rr 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1\right)\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sub-neg 99.2%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]

      2. flip-+ 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right) \cdot \left(-1\right)}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}}\right) \]

      3. metadata-eval 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot \left(-1\right)}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      4. metadata-eval 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{-1}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \color{blue}{1}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      6. hypot-undefine 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{1 \cdot 1 + x \cdot x}} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      7. metadata-eval 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{1} + x \cdot x} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      8. unpow2 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      9. hypot-undefine 84.3%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\sqrt{1 + {x}^{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 \cdot 1 + x \cdot x}} - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 84.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\sqrt{1 + {x}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{1} + x \cdot x} - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      11. unpow2 84.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\sqrt{1 + {x}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{{x}^{2}}} - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      12. add-sqr-sqrt 84.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + {x}^{2}\right)} - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      13. add-exp-log 84.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\log \left(1 + {x}^{2}\right)}} - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      14. log1p-undefine 84.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} - 1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      15. expm1-undefine 85.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left({x}^{2}\right)\right)}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      16. expm1-log1p-u 85.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\color{blue}{{x}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \left(-1\right)}\right) \]

      17. metadata-eval 85.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{{x}^{2}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - \color{blue}{-1}}\right) \]

   10. Applied egg-rr 85.0%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \color{blue}{\frac{{x}^{2}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - -1}}\right) \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 85.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - -1}\right) \]

       2. associate-/l* 100.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{x}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - -1}}\right) \]

       3. sub-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + x \cdot \frac{x}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) + \left(--1\right)}}\right) \]

       4. metadata-eval 100.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + x \cdot \frac{x}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) + \color{blue}{1}}\right) \]

       5. +-commutative 100.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + x \cdot \frac{x}{\color{blue}{1 + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}}\right) \]

   12. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}}\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 100.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -10:\\ \;\;\;\;-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + x \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -1.25)
   (log (/ -0.5 x))
   (if (<= x 0.0011)
     (+ x (* -0.16666666666666666 (pow x 3.0)))
     (log (+ x (hypot 1.0 x))))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.25) {
		tmp = log((-0.5 / x));
	} else if (x <= 0.0011) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.25) {
		tmp = Math.log((-0.5 / x));
	} else if (x <= 0.0011) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * Math.pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + Math.hypot(1.0, x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -1.25:
		tmp = math.log((-0.5 / x))
	elif x <= 0.0011:
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * math.pow(x, 3.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + math.hypot(1.0, x)))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -1.25)
		tmp = log(Float64(-0.5 / x));
	elseif (x <= 0.0011)
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -1.25)
		tmp = log((-0.5 / x));
	elseif (x <= 0.0011)
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0));
	else
		tmp = log((x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.25], N[Log[N[(-0.5 / x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 0.0011], N[(x + N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(x + N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if x < -1.25

   1. Initial program 5.7%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around -inf 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)} \]

   if -1.25 < x < 0.00110000000000000007

   1. Initial program 8.0%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 8.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot x + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x} \]

      2. *-lft-identity 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x \]

      3. associate-*l* 99.6%

         \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot x\right)} \]

      4. unpow2 99.6%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \]

      5. unpow3 99.6%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{3}} \]

   7. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}} \]

   if 0.00110000000000000007 < x

   1. Initial program 48.2%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -0.0011)
   (- (log (- (hypot 1.0 x) x)))
   (if (<= x 0.0011)
     (+ x (* -0.16666666666666666 (pow x 3.0)))
     (log (+ x (hypot 1.0 x))))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -0.0011) {
		tmp = -log((hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	} else if (x <= 0.0011) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -0.0011) {
		tmp = -Math.log((Math.hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	} else if (x <= 0.0011) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * Math.pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + Math.hypot(1.0, x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -0.0011:
		tmp = -math.log((math.hypot(1.0, x) - x))
	elif x <= 0.0011:
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * math.pow(x, 3.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + math.hypot(1.0, x)))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -0.0011)
		tmp = Float64(-log(Float64(hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	elseif (x <= 0.0011)
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -0.0011)
		tmp = -log((hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	elseif (x <= 0.0011)
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0));
	else
		tmp = log((x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -0.0011], (-N[Log[N[(N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), If[LessEqual[x, 0.0011], N[(x + N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(x + N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if x < -0.00110000000000000007

   1. Initial program 8.6%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 8.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 8.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 8.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 9.8%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 9.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. flip-+ 10.1%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      2. clear-num 10.1%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}}\right)} \]

      3. log-div 8.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 1 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      4. metadata-eval 8.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      5. pow2 8.8%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      6. hypot-1-def 8.8%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      7. hypot-1-def 8.8%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \sqrt{1 + x \cdot x} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}}}\right) \]

      8. add-sqr-sqrt 10.1%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(1 + x \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]

      9. +-commutative 10.1%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}\right) \]

      10. fma-define 10.1%

          \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}}\right) \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 10.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. neg-sub0 10.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]

      2. div-sub 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]

      3. fma-undefine 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      4. unpow2 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      5. associate--r+ 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      6. +-inverses 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{0} - 1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      7. metadata-eval 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{-1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      8. *-rgt-identity 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot 1}}{-1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      9. associate-/l* 10.1%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{-1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 10.1%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{-1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      11. *-rgt-identity 10.1%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      12. fma-undefine 10.1%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 10.1%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)}\right) \]

      14. associate--r+ 52.2%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}}\right) \]

      15. +-inverses 99.6%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{0} - 1}\right) \]

      16. metadata-eval 99.6%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{-1}}\right) \]

      17. associate-/l* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1}}\right) \]

      18. metadata-eval 99.6%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]

      19. *-commutative 99.6%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      20. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}\right) \]

   8. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)} \]

   if -0.00110000000000000007 < x < 0.00110000000000000007

   1. Initial program 6.9%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot x + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x} \]

      2. *-lft-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x \]

      3. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot x\right)} \]

      4. unpow2 100.0%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \]

      5. unpow3 100.0%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{3}} \]

   7. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}} \]

   if 0.00110000000000000007 < x

   1. Initial program 48.2%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.0008:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -0.0008)
   (log (/ 1.0 (- (hypot 1.0 x) x)))
   (if (<= x 0.0011)
     (+ x (* -0.16666666666666666 (pow x 3.0)))
     (log (+ x (hypot 1.0 x))))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -0.0008) {
		tmp = log((1.0 / (hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	} else if (x <= 0.0011) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -0.0008) {
		tmp = Math.log((1.0 / (Math.hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	} else if (x <= 0.0011) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * Math.pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + Math.hypot(1.0, x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -0.0008:
		tmp = math.log((1.0 / (math.hypot(1.0, x) - x)))
	elif x <= 0.0011:
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * math.pow(x, 3.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + math.hypot(1.0, x)))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -0.0008)
		tmp = log(Float64(1.0 / Float64(hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	elseif (x <= 0.0011)
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -0.0008)
		tmp = log((1.0 / (hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	elseif (x <= 0.0011)
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0));
	else
		tmp = log((x + hypot(1.0, x)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -0.0008], N[Log[N[(1.0 / N[(N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 0.0011], N[(x + N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(x + N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if x < -8.00000000000000038e-4

   1. Initial program 8.6%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 8.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 8.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 8.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 9.8%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 9.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. flip-+ 10.1%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      2. div-sub 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x \cdot x}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      3. pow2 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{{x}^{2}}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      5. hypot-1-def 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      6. add-sqr-sqrt 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\color{blue}{1 + x \cdot x}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      7. +-commutative 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot x + 1}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      8. fma-define 8.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 8.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{x}^{2}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. div-sub 11.4%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      2. fma-undefine 11.4%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      3. unpow2 11.4%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      4. associate--r+ 52.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      5. +-inverses 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0} - 1}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      6. metadata-eval 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      7. metadata-eval 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-1}}}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      8. associate-/r* 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{-1 \cdot \left(x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}\right)} \]

      9. neg-mul-1 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}}\right) \]

      10. neg-sub0 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}}\right) \]

      11. associate--r- 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}}\right) \]

      12. neg-sub0 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      13. +-commutative 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) + \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      14. sub-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}}\right) \]

   8. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right)} \]

   if -8.00000000000000038e-4 < x < 0.00110000000000000007

   1. Initial program 6.9%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot x + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x} \]

      2. *-lft-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x \]

      3. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot x\right)} \]

      4. unpow2 100.0%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \]

      5. unpow3 100.0%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{3}} \]

   7. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}} \]

   if 0.00110000000000000007 < x

   1. Initial program 48.2%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.0008:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 0.0011:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.4:\\ \;\;\;\;-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) + -1\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -0.4)
   (- (log (- (hypot 1.0 x) x)))
   (log1p (+ x (+ (hypot 1.0 x) -1.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -0.4) {
		tmp = -log((hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	} else {
		tmp = log1p((x + (hypot(1.0, x) + -1.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -0.4) {
		tmp = -Math.log((Math.hypot(1.0, x) - x));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log1p((x + (Math.hypot(1.0, x) + -1.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -0.4:
		tmp = -math.log((math.hypot(1.0, x) - x))
	else:
		tmp = math.log1p((x + (math.hypot(1.0, x) + -1.0)))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -0.4)
		tmp = Float64(-log(Float64(hypot(1.0, x) - x)));
	else
		tmp = log1p(Float64(x + Float64(hypot(1.0, x) + -1.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -0.4], (-N[Log[N[(N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), N[Log[1 + N[(x + N[(N[Sqrt[1.0 ^ 2 + x ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -0.40000000000000002

   1. Initial program 5.7%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. flip-+ 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      2. clear-num 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}}\right)} \]

      3. log-div 5.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 1 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right)} \]

      4. metadata-eval 5.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{x \cdot x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      5. pow2 5.9%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      6. hypot-1-def 5.9%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}} \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      7. hypot-1-def 5.9%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \sqrt{1 + x \cdot x} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + x \cdot x}}}\right) \]

      8. add-sqr-sqrt 7.3%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(1 + x \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]

      9. +-commutative 7.3%

         \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}\right) \]

      10. fma-define 7.3%

          \[\leadsto 0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}}\right) \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 7.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0 - \log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. neg-sub0 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\log \left(\frac{x - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]

      2. div-sub 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right)} \]

      3. fma-undefine 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      4. unpow2 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      5. associate--r+ 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      6. +-inverses 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{0} - 1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      7. metadata-eval 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{-1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      8. *-rgt-identity 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot 1}}{-1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      9. associate-/l* 7.3%

         \[\leadsto -\log \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{-1}} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{-1} - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      11. *-rgt-identity 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}}{{x}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)}\right) \]

      12. fma-undefine 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{{x}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)}}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 7.3%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{{x}^{2} - \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)}\right) \]

      14. associate--r+ 50.9%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} - {x}^{2}\right) - 1}}\right) \]

      15. +-inverses 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{0} - 1}\right) \]

      16. metadata-eval 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{-1}}\right) \]

      17. associate-/l* 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1}}\right) \]

      18. metadata-eval 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]

      19. *-commutative 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

      20. neg-mul-1 100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\log \left(x \cdot -1 - \color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}\right) \]

   8. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)} \]

   if -0.40000000000000002 < x

   1. Initial program 19.6%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 19.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 19.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 19.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 34.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-log1p-u 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. expm1-undefine 34.5%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} - 1\right)} \]

      3. log1p-undefine 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)}} - 1\right) \]

      4. rem-exp-log 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)} - 1\right) \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 34.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right) - 1\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate--l+ 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right) - 1\right)\right)} \]

      2. log1p-define 34.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right) - 1\right)} \]

      3. associate--l+ 99.2%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{x + \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1\right)}\right) \]

   8. Applied egg-rr 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - 1\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.4:\\ \;\;\;\;-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(x + \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) + -1\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.3% accurate, 1.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.3:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x \cdot 2\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -1.25)
   (log (/ -0.5 x))
   (if (<= x 1.3) (+ x (* -0.16666666666666666 (pow x 3.0))) (log (* x 2.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.25) {
		tmp = log((-0.5 / x));
	} else if (x <= 1.3) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = log((x * 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-1.25d0)) then
        tmp = log(((-0.5d0) / x))
    else if (x <= 1.3d0) then
        tmp = x + ((-0.16666666666666666d0) * (x ** 3.0d0))
    else
        tmp = log((x * 2.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.25) {
		tmp = Math.log((-0.5 / x));
	} else if (x <= 1.3) {
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * Math.pow(x, 3.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x * 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -1.25:
		tmp = math.log((-0.5 / x))
	elif x <= 1.3:
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * math.pow(x, 3.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x * 2.0))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -1.25)
		tmp = log(Float64(-0.5 / x));
	elseif (x <= 1.3)
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x * 2.0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -1.25)
		tmp = log((-0.5 / x));
	elseif (x <= 1.3)
		tmp = x + (-0.16666666666666666 * (x ^ 3.0));
	else
		tmp = log((x * 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.25], N[Log[N[(-0.5 / x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 1.3], N[(x + N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(x * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if x < -1.25

   1. Initial program 5.7%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around -inf 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)} \]

   if -1.25 < x < 1.30000000000000004

   1. Initial program 8.0%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 8.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot x + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x} \]

      2. *-lft-identity 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot x \]

      3. associate-*l* 99.6%

         \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot x\right)} \]

      4. unpow2 99.6%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \]

      5. unpow3 99.6%

         \[\leadsto x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{3}} \]

   7. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}} \]

   if 1.30000000000000004 < x

   1. Initial program 48.2%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot x\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 2\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 2\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.3:\\ \;\;\;\;x + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x \cdot 2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.0% accurate, 1.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.3:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x \cdot 2\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -1.25) (log (/ -0.5 x)) (if (<= x 1.3) x (log (* x 2.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.25) {
		tmp = log((-0.5 / x));
	} else if (x <= 1.3) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x * 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-1.25d0)) then
        tmp = log(((-0.5d0) / x))
    else if (x <= 1.3d0) then
        tmp = x
    else
        tmp = log((x * 2.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.25) {
		tmp = Math.log((-0.5 / x));
	} else if (x <= 1.3) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x * 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -1.25:
		tmp = math.log((-0.5 / x))
	elif x <= 1.3:
		tmp = x
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x * 2.0))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -1.25)
		tmp = log(Float64(-0.5 / x));
	elseif (x <= 1.3)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x * 2.0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -1.25)
		tmp = log((-0.5 / x));
	elseif (x <= 1.3)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = log((x * 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.25], N[Log[N[(-0.5 / x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 1.3], x, N[Log[N[(x * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if x < -1.25

   1. Initial program 5.7%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 5.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 6.9%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 6.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around -inf 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)} \]

   if -1.25 < x < 1.30000000000000004

   1. Initial program 8.0%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 8.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 8.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]

   if 1.30000000000000004 < x

   1. Initial program 48.2%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot x\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 2\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 2\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-0.5}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.3:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x \cdot 2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 75.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.3:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x \cdot 2\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 1.3) x (log (* x 2.0))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.3) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x * 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= 1.3d0) then
        tmp = x
    else
        tmp = log((x * 2.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.3) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x * 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= 1.3:
		tmp = x
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x * 2.0))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 1.3)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x * 2.0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= 1.3)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = log((x * 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.3], x, N[Log[N[(x * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 1.30000000000000004

   1. Initial program 7.4%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 7.4%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 7.4%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 7.4%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 7.7%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 7.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]

   if 1.30000000000000004 < x

   1. Initial program 48.2%

      \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

      2. +-commutative 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

      3. sqr-neg 48.2%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

      4. hypot-1-def 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot x\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.3%

         \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 2\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 2\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 78.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.3:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x \cdot 2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 53.1% accurate, 207.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 x)

C

double code(double x) {
	return x;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = x
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return x;
}

Python

def code(x):
	return x

Julia

function code(x)
	return x
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = x;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := x

Derivation

1. Initial program 16.6%

   \[\log \left(x + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. sqr-neg 16.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) \]

   2. +-commutative 16.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right) \]

   3. sqr-neg 16.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \sqrt{1 + \color{blue}{x \cdot x}}\right) \]

   4. hypot-1-def 28.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 28.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 57.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]

6. Final simplification 57.9%

   \[\leadsto x \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 29.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\\ \mathbf{if}\;x < 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{-1}{x - t\_0}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + t\_0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0))))
   (if (< x 0.0) (log (/ -1.0 (- x t_0))) (log (+ x t_0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0));
	double tmp;
	if (x < 0.0) {
		tmp = log((-1.0 / (x - t_0)));
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + t_0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0d0))
    if (x < 0.0d0) then
        tmp = log(((-1.0d0) / (x - t_0)))
    else
        tmp = log((x + t_0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = Math.sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0));
	double tmp;
	if (x < 0.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((-1.0 / (x - t_0)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + t_0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	t_0 = math.sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0))
	tmp = 0
	if x < 0.0:
		tmp = math.log((-1.0 / (x - t_0)))
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + t_0))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	t_0 = sqrt(Float64(Float64(x * x) + 1.0))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x < 0.0)
		tmp = log(Float64(-1.0 / Float64(x - t_0)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(x + t_0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	t_0 = sqrt(((x * x) + 1.0));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x < 0.0)
		tmp = log((-1.0 / (x - t_0)));
	else
		tmp = log((x + t_0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[x, 0.0], N[Log[N[(-1.0 / N[(x - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(x + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024076 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Hyperbolic arcsine"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (if (< x 0.0) (log (/ -1.0 (- x (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0))))) (log (+ x (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))))

  (log (+ x (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))))