
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))
(*
(- s)
(log (/ (+ -1.0 (pow t_0 -3.0)) (+ 1.0 (+ (/ 1.0 t_0) (pow t_0 -2.0))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = (u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))));
return -s * logf(((-1.0f + powf(t_0, -3.0f)) / (1.0f + ((1.0f / t_0) + powf(t_0, -2.0f)))));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + (t_0 ^ Float32(-3.0))) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0) + (t_0 ^ Float32(-2.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = (u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))); tmp = -s * log(((single(-1.0) + (t_0 ^ single(-3.0))) / (single(1.0) + ((single(1.0) / t_0) + (t_0 ^ single(-2.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{-1 + {t\_0}^{-3}}{1 + \left(\frac{1}{t\_0} + {t\_0}^{-2}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
clear-num98.9%
associate-/r/98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
flip3-+98.8%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))
(* s (- (log (/ (+ -1.0 (pow t_0 -2.0)) (- (/ 1.0 t_0) -1.0)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = (u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))));
return s * -logf(((-1.0f + powf(t_0, -2.0f)) / ((1.0f / t_0) - -1.0f)));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + (t_0 ^ Float32(-2.0))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0) - Float32(-1.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = (u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))); tmp = s * -log(((single(-1.0) + (t_0 ^ single(-2.0))) / ((single(1.0) / t_0) - single(-1.0)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{-1 + {t\_0}^{-2}}{\frac{1}{t\_0} - -1}\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
clear-num98.9%
associate-/r/98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
flip-+98.8%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
add-exp-log98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.3%
+-commutative85.3%
Simplified85.3%
Final simplification85.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s)))) (- (* 2.0 (/ (* u PI) t_0)) (* s (log t_0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s);
return (2.0f * ((u * ((float) M_PI)) / t_0)) - (s * logf(t_0));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) return Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) / t_0)) - Float32(s * log(t_0))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s); tmp = (single(2.0) * ((u * single(pi)) / t_0)) - (s * log(t_0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\\
2 \cdot \frac{u \cdot \pi}{t\_0} - s \cdot \log t\_0
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.3%
+-commutative24.3%
fma-define24.3%
associate--r+24.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv24.3%
distribute-rgt-out--24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
Simplified24.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.7%
Final simplification24.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (/ (* 2.0 (* u PI)) (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))) (* s (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((2.0f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) / (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))) - (s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) - Float32(s * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{2 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right)}{1 + \frac{\pi}{s}} - s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.3%
+-commutative24.3%
fma-define24.3%
associate--r+24.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv24.3%
distribute-rgt-out--24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
Simplified24.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.7%
+-commutative24.7%
mul-1-neg24.7%
unsub-neg24.7%
associate-*r/24.7%
*-commutative24.7%
log1p-define24.7%
Simplified24.7%
Final simplification24.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.3%
+-commutative24.3%
fma-define24.3%
associate--r+24.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv24.3%
distribute-rgt-out--24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
Simplified24.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.7%
Final simplification24.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.3%
+-commutative24.3%
fma-define24.3%
associate--r+24.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv24.3%
distribute-rgt-out--24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
metadata-eval24.3%
*-commutative24.3%
Simplified24.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.7%
associate-*r*24.7%
neg-mul-124.7%
log1p-define24.7%
Simplified24.7%
Final simplification24.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* u (* PI (+ -0.5 (/ 0.25 u))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (u * (((float) M_PI) * (-0.5f + (0.25f / u))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.5) + Float32(Float32(0.25) / u))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * (u * (single(pi) * (single(-0.5) + (single(0.25) / u)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(-0.5 + \frac{0.25}{u}\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
distribute-rgt-out12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*l*12.0%
Simplified12.0%
add-cube-cbrt12.0%
pow312.0%
Applied egg-rr12.0%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*r/12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-/l*12.0%
distribute-lft-out12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* PI (+ 0.25 (* u -0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (0.25f + (u * -0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(-0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(0.25) + (u * single(-0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(0.25 + u \cdot -0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
distribute-rgt-out12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*l*12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
distribute-rgt-out12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.6%
neg-mul-111.6%
Simplified11.6%
Final simplification11.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 PI)
float code(float u, float s) {
return (float) M_PI;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(pi) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 6.2%
rem-log-exp11.6%
clear-num11.6%
un-div-inv11.6%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod8.4%
sqr-neg8.4%
sqrt-unprod4.7%
add-sqr-sqrt4.7%
Applied egg-rr4.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 4.7%
Final simplification4.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024075
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))