
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 6 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (if (<= (fabs x_m) 6.000000212225132e-7) (/ 1.0 (/ s (exp (+ (/ x_m s) (* -2.0 (log1p (exp (/ x_m s)))))))) (/ (exp (/ (- x_m) s)) (* s 4.0))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float tmp;
if (fabsf(x_m) <= 6.000000212225132e-7f) {
tmp = 1.0f / (s / expf(((x_m / s) + (-2.0f * log1pf(expf((x_m / s)))))));
} else {
tmp = expf((-x_m / s)) / (s * 4.0f);
}
return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (abs(x_m) <= Float32(6.000000212225132e-7)) tmp = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(s / exp(Float32(Float32(x_m / s) + Float32(Float32(-2.0) * log1p(exp(Float32(x_m / s)))))))); else tmp = Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-x_m) / s)) / Float32(s * Float32(4.0))); end return tmp end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\left|x\_m\right| \leq 6.000000212225132 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{s}{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\right)}}}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{-x\_m}{s}}}{s \cdot 4}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (fabs.f32 x) < 6.0000002e-7Initial program 97.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg297.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
*-commutative97.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
+-commutative97.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.1%
unpow298.1%
mul-1-neg98.1%
rec-exp98.1%
associate-*r/98.1%
mul-1-neg98.1%
rec-exp98.1%
mul-1-neg98.1%
Simplified98.1%
Applied egg-rr96.7%
rem-cube-cbrt98.0%
clear-num98.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv98.1%
metadata-eval98.1%
Applied egg-rr98.1%
if 6.0000002e-7 < (fabs.f32 x) Initial program 100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
distribute-frac-neg2100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%
unpow2100.0%
mul-1-neg100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
associate-*r/100.0%
mul-1-neg100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
mul-1-neg100.0%
Simplified100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
exp-neg100.0%
add-sqr-sqrt48.6%
fabs-sqr48.6%
add-sqr-sqrt100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
Simplified100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
exp-neg100.0%
add-sqr-sqrt48.6%
fabs-sqr48.6%
add-sqr-sqrt100.0%
Applied egg-rr48.6%
rec-exp100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
Simplified48.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 50.2%
*-commutative50.2%
Simplified50.2%
Final simplification71.5%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (if (<= (fabs x_m) 6.000000212225132e-7) (/ (exp (- (/ x_m s) (* 2.0 (log1p (exp (/ x_m s)))))) s) (/ (exp (/ (- x_m) s)) (* s 4.0))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float tmp;
if (fabsf(x_m) <= 6.000000212225132e-7f) {
tmp = expf(((x_m / s) - (2.0f * log1pf(expf((x_m / s)))))) / s;
} else {
tmp = expf((-x_m / s)) / (s * 4.0f);
}
return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (abs(x_m) <= Float32(6.000000212225132e-7)) tmp = Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(x_m / s) - Float32(Float32(2.0) * log1p(exp(Float32(x_m / s)))))) / s); else tmp = Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-x_m) / s)) / Float32(s * Float32(4.0))); end return tmp end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\left|x\_m\right| \leq 6.000000212225132 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s} - 2 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\right)}}{s}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{-x\_m}{s}}}{s \cdot 4}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (fabs.f32 x) < 6.0000002e-7Initial program 97.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg97.9%
distribute-frac-neg297.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
*-commutative97.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
+-commutative97.9%
fabs-neg97.9%
Simplified98.1%
Applied egg-rr82.9%
add-exp-log78.3%
associate-*l/78.3%
*-un-lft-identity78.3%
log-div78.1%
add-log-exp93.0%
*-commutative93.0%
sum-log92.8%
log-pow93.4%
+-commutative93.4%
log1p-undefine93.4%
associate--r+93.5%
Applied egg-rr98.0%
if 6.0000002e-7 < (fabs.f32 x) Initial program 100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
distribute-frac-neg2100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%
unpow2100.0%
mul-1-neg100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
associate-*r/100.0%
mul-1-neg100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
mul-1-neg100.0%
Simplified100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
exp-neg100.0%
add-sqr-sqrt48.6%
fabs-sqr48.6%
add-sqr-sqrt100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
Simplified100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
exp-neg100.0%
add-sqr-sqrt48.6%
fabs-sqr48.6%
add-sqr-sqrt100.0%
Applied egg-rr48.6%
rec-exp100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
Simplified48.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 50.2%
*-commutative50.2%
Simplified50.2%
Final simplification71.5%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- x_m) s)))) (/ t_0 (* s (pow (+ t_0 1.0) 2.0)))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-x_m / s));
return t_0 / (s * powf((t_0 + 1.0f), 2.0f));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
t_0 = exp((-x_m / s))
code = t_0 / (s * ((t_0 + 1.0e0) ** 2.0e0))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-x_m) / s)) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(s * (Float32(t_0 + Float32(1.0)) ^ Float32(2.0)))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp((-x_m / s)); tmp = t_0 / (s * ((t_0 + single(1.0)) ^ single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-x\_m}{s}}\\
\frac{t\_0}{s \cdot {\left(t\_0 + 1\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg299.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
unpow299.1%
mul-1-neg99.1%
rec-exp99.1%
associate-*r/99.1%
mul-1-neg99.1%
rec-exp99.1%
mul-1-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
exp-neg99.1%
add-sqr-sqrt49.5%
fabs-sqr49.5%
add-sqr-sqrt96.3%
Applied egg-rr96.3%
rec-exp96.4%
distribute-frac-neg96.4%
Simplified96.4%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
exp-neg99.1%
add-sqr-sqrt49.5%
fabs-sqr49.5%
add-sqr-sqrt96.3%
Applied egg-rr62.2%
rec-exp96.4%
distribute-frac-neg96.4%
Simplified62.3%
Final simplification62.3%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (exp (/ (- x_m) s)) (* s 4.0)))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return expf((-x_m / s)) / (s * 4.0f);
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = exp((-x_m / s)) / (s * 4.0e0)
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-x_m) / s)) / Float32(s * Float32(4.0))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = exp((-x_m / s)) / (s * single(4.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{e^{\frac{-x\_m}{s}}}{s \cdot 4}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg299.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
unpow299.1%
mul-1-neg99.1%
rec-exp99.1%
associate-*r/99.1%
mul-1-neg99.1%
rec-exp99.1%
mul-1-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
exp-neg99.1%
add-sqr-sqrt49.5%
fabs-sqr49.5%
add-sqr-sqrt96.3%
Applied egg-rr96.3%
rec-exp96.4%
distribute-frac-neg96.4%
Simplified96.4%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
exp-neg99.1%
add-sqr-sqrt49.5%
fabs-sqr49.5%
add-sqr-sqrt96.3%
Applied egg-rr62.2%
rec-exp96.4%
distribute-frac-neg96.4%
Simplified62.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 59.1%
*-commutative59.1%
Simplified59.1%
Final simplification59.1%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 0.25f / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 0.25e0 / s
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.25) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{0.25}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg299.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 29.5%
Final simplification29.5%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 1.0)
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 1.0f;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 1.0e0
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(1.0) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(1.0); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
1
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg99.1%
distribute-frac-neg299.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
fabs-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Applied egg-rr83.4%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 41.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 6.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 8.2%
Final simplification8.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024074
(FPCore (x s)
:name "Logistic distribution"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631))
(/ (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)) (* (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)))) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))))))