
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(+
(* -0.5 (/ c b))
(*
a
(+
(* -0.375 (/ (pow c 2.0) (pow b 3.0)))
(*
a
(+
(* -0.5625 (/ (pow c 3.0) (pow b 5.0)))
(/ (* (* a -1.0546875) (pow c 4.0)) (pow b 7.0))))))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * (pow(c, 2.0) / pow(b, 3.0))) + (a * ((-0.5625 * (pow(c, 3.0) / pow(b, 5.0))) + (((a * -1.0546875) * pow(c, 4.0)) / pow(b, 7.0))))));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((-0.5d0) * (c / b)) + (a * (((-0.375d0) * ((c ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0))) + (a * (((-0.5625d0) * ((c ** 3.0d0) / (b ** 5.0d0))) + (((a * (-1.0546875d0)) * (c ** 4.0d0)) / (b ** 7.0d0))))))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * (Math.pow(c, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 3.0))) + (a * ((-0.5625 * (Math.pow(c, 3.0) / Math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (((a * -1.0546875) * Math.pow(c, 4.0)) / Math.pow(b, 7.0))))));
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * (math.pow(c, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 3.0))) + (a * ((-0.5625 * (math.pow(c, 3.0) / math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (((a * -1.0546875) * math.pow(c, 4.0)) / math.pow(b, 7.0))))))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b)) + Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-0.375 * Float64((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0))) + Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-0.5625 * Float64((c ^ 3.0) / (b ^ 5.0))) + Float64(Float64(Float64(a * -1.0546875) * (c ^ 4.0)) / (b ^ 7.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * ((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0))) + (a * ((-0.5625 * ((c ^ 3.0) / (b ^ 5.0))) + (((a * -1.0546875) * (c ^ 4.0)) / (b ^ 7.0)))))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[(N[(-0.375 * N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[(N[(-0.5625 * N[(N[Power[c, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[(a * -1.0546875), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[c, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 7.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b} + a \cdot \left(-0.375 \cdot \frac{{c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}} + a \cdot \left(-0.5625 \cdot \frac{{c}^{3}}{{b}^{5}} + \frac{\left(a \cdot -1.0546875\right) \cdot {c}^{4}}{{b}^{7}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.9%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 96.9%
associate-*r/96.9%
associate-*r*96.9%
Simplified96.9%
Final simplification96.9%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(+
(* -0.5 (/ c b))
(*
a
(+
(* -0.375 (/ (pow c 2.0) (pow b 3.0)))
(* -0.5625 (/ (* a (pow c 3.0)) (pow b 5.0)))))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * (pow(c, 2.0) / pow(b, 3.0))) + (-0.5625 * ((a * pow(c, 3.0)) / pow(b, 5.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((-0.5d0) * (c / b)) + (a * (((-0.375d0) * ((c ** 2.0d0) / (b ** 3.0d0))) + ((-0.5625d0) * ((a * (c ** 3.0d0)) / (b ** 5.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * (Math.pow(c, 2.0) / Math.pow(b, 3.0))) + (-0.5625 * ((a * Math.pow(c, 3.0)) / Math.pow(b, 5.0)))));
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * (math.pow(c, 2.0) / math.pow(b, 3.0))) + (-0.5625 * ((a * math.pow(c, 3.0)) / math.pow(b, 5.0)))))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b)) + Float64(a * Float64(Float64(-0.375 * Float64((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0))) + Float64(-0.5625 * Float64(Float64(a * (c ^ 3.0)) / (b ^ 5.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-0.5 * (c / b)) + (a * ((-0.375 * ((c ^ 2.0) / (b ^ 3.0))) + (-0.5625 * ((a * (c ^ 3.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[(N[(-0.375 * N[(N[Power[c, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.5625 * N[(N[(a * N[Power[c, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b} + a \cdot \left(-0.375 \cdot \frac{{c}^{2}}{{b}^{3}} + -0.5625 \cdot \frac{a \cdot {c}^{3}}{{b}^{5}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 96.2%
Final simplification96.2%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(*
c
(+
(*
c
(+
(* -0.5625 (/ (* c (pow a 2.0)) (pow b 5.0)))
(* -0.375 (/ a (pow b 3.0)))))
(* 0.5 (/ -1.0 b)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * ((-0.5625 * ((c * pow(a, 2.0)) / pow(b, 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (a / pow(b, 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b)));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((c * (((-0.5625d0) * ((c * (a ** 2.0d0)) / (b ** 5.0d0))) + ((-0.375d0) * (a / (b ** 3.0d0))))) + (0.5d0 * ((-1.0d0) / b)))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((c * ((-0.5625 * ((c * Math.pow(a, 2.0)) / Math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (a / Math.pow(b, 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b)));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((c * ((-0.5625 * ((c * math.pow(a, 2.0)) / math.pow(b, 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (a / math.pow(b, 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b)))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(c * Float64(Float64(-0.5625 * Float64(Float64(c * (a ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))) + Float64(-0.375 * Float64(a / (b ^ 3.0))))) + Float64(0.5 * Float64(-1.0 / b)))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((c * ((-0.5625 * ((c * (a ^ 2.0)) / (b ^ 5.0))) + (-0.375 * (a / (b ^ 3.0))))) + (0.5 * (-1.0 / b))); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(c * N[(N[(-0.5625 * N[(N[(c * N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 5.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.375 * N[(a / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.5 * N[(-1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(c \cdot \left(-0.5625 \cdot \frac{c \cdot {a}^{2}}{{b}^{5}} + -0.375 \cdot \frac{a}{{b}^{3}}\right) + 0.5 \cdot \frac{-1}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 95.9%
Final simplification95.9%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (fma c -0.5 (* a (* -0.375 (pow (/ c b) 2.0)))) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return fma(c, -0.5, (a * (-0.375 * pow((c / b), 2.0)))) / b;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(fma(c, -0.5, Float64(a * Float64(-0.375 * (Float64(c / b) ^ 2.0)))) / b) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(c * -0.5 + N[(a * N[(-0.375 * N[Power[N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(c, -0.5, a \cdot \left(-0.375 \cdot {\left(\frac{c}{b}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 94.6%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 94.7%
associate-*r/94.7%
metadata-eval94.7%
Simplified94.7%
Taylor expanded in b around 0 94.5%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 95.1%
*-commutative95.1%
fma-define95.1%
*-commutative95.1%
associate-/l*95.1%
unpow295.1%
unpow295.1%
times-frac95.1%
unpow295.1%
associate-*l*95.1%
Simplified95.1%
Final simplification95.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (- (* -0.375 (/ (* c a) (pow b 3.0))) (/ 0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((-0.375 * ((c * a) / pow(b, 3.0))) - (0.5 / b));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * (((-0.375d0) * ((c * a) / (b ** 3.0d0))) - (0.5d0 / b))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * ((-0.375 * ((c * a) / Math.pow(b, 3.0))) - (0.5 / b));
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * ((-0.375 * ((c * a) / math.pow(b, 3.0))) - (0.5 / b))
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(Float64(-0.375 * Float64(Float64(c * a) / (b ^ 3.0))) - Float64(0.5 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * ((-0.375 * ((c * a) / (b ^ 3.0))) - (0.5 / b)); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \left(-0.375 \cdot \frac{c \cdot a}{{b}^{3}} - \frac{0.5}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 94.6%
Taylor expanded in c around 0 94.7%
associate-*r/94.7%
metadata-eval94.7%
Simplified94.7%
Final simplification94.7%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* c (/ -0.5 b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (-0.5 / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = c * ((-0.5d0) / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return c * (-0.5 / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return c * (-0.5 / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(c * Float64(-0.5 / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = c * (-0.5 / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c * N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
c \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
/-rgt-identity17.2%
metadata-eval17.2%
Simplified17.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 12.0%
Taylor expanded in b around 0 90.8%
associate-*r/90.8%
*-commutative90.8%
associate-/l*90.5%
Simplified90.5%
Final simplification90.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (* -0.5 c) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * c) / b;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = ((-0.5d0) * c) / b
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-0.5 * c) / b;
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-0.5 * c) / b
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(-0.5 * c) / b) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-0.5 * c) / b; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(-0.5 * c), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-0.5 \cdot c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 17.2%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 90.8%
associate-*r/90.8%
*-commutative90.8%
Simplified90.8%
Final simplification90.8%
herbie shell --seed 2024072
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Cubic critical, wide range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 a) (< a 2.028240960365167e+31)) (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 b) (< b 2.028240960365167e+31))) (and (< 4.930380657631324e-32 c) (< c 2.028240960365167e+31)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))