NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 77.9% → 99.7%
Time: 12.0s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 1.9×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 77.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{b + a} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 (/ (/ PI b) a)) (+ b a)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * ((((double) M_PI) / b) / a)) / (b + a);
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * ((Math.PI / b) / a)) / (b + a);
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * ((math.pi / b) / a)) / (b + a)
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(pi / b) / a)) / Float64(b + a))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * ((pi / b) / a)) / (b + a);
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{b + a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.5%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative78.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    3. associate-*r/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. *-rgt-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    6. sub-neg78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. distribute-neg-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    3. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt49.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    6. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    8. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    9. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod32.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    12. div-inv65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    13. metadata-eval65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/65.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    3. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    4. *-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    5. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
  8. Simplified65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. clear-num99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\frac{\pi}{a}}}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    3. inv-pow99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{b}{\frac{\pi}{a}}\right)}^{-1}}\right)}{a + b} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{b}{\frac{\pi}{a}}\right)}^{-1}}\right)}{a + b} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow-199.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\frac{\pi}{a}}}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. associate-/r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a}}\right)}{a + b} \]
  13. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a}}\right)}{a + b} \]
  14. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi}}}{a}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. div-inv99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi}} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)}\right)}{a + b} \]
    3. clear-num99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)}{a + b} \]
  15. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)}\right)}{a + b} \]
  16. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot 1}{a}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}}}{a}\right)}{a + b} \]
  17. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}\right)}{a + b} \]
  18. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{b + a} \]
  19. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 88.7% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{-26} \lor \neg \left(a \leq -2.35 \cdot 10^{-61}\right) \land a \leq -7 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ PI (* b a))))
   (if (or (<= a -1.1e-26) (and (not (<= a -2.35e-61)) (<= a -7e-117)))
     (* t_0 (/ 0.5 a))
     (* t_0 (/ 0.5 b)))))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) / (b * a);
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.1e-26) || (!(a <= -2.35e-61) && (a <= -7e-117))) {
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / a);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double t_0 = Math.PI / (b * a);
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.1e-26) || (!(a <= -2.35e-61) && (a <= -7e-117))) {
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / a);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	t_0 = math.pi / (b * a)
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.1e-26) or (not (a <= -2.35e-61) and (a <= -7e-117)):
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / a)
	else:
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / b)
	return tmp
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	t_0 = Float64(pi / Float64(b * a))
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.1e-26) || (!(a <= -2.35e-61) && (a <= -7e-117)))
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * Float64(0.5 / a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * Float64(0.5 / b));
	end
	return tmp
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	t_0 = pi / (b * a);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.1e-26) || (~((a <= -2.35e-61)) && (a <= -7e-117)))
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / a);
	else
		tmp = t_0 * (0.5 / b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.1e-26], And[N[Not[LessEqual[a, -2.35e-61]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[a, -7e-117]]], N[(t$95$0 * N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$0 * N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{-26} \lor \neg \left(a \leq -2.35 \cdot 10^{-61}\right) \land a \leq -7 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.1e-26 or -2.3499999999999998e-61 < a < -6.9999999999999997e-117

    1. Initial program 79.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative79.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*79.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      3. associate-*r/79.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. associate-*r*79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. *-rgt-identity79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      6. sub-neg79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. distribute-neg-frac79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified79.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. difference-of-squares89.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. times-frac99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt42.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod62.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      6. frac-times62.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      7. metadata-eval62.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      8. metadata-eval62.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      9. frac-times62.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod29.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      12. div-inv51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      13. metadata-eval51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr51.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/51.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      3. +-commutative51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      4. *-commutative51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      5. +-commutative51.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
    8. Simplified51.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
      3. *-un-lft-identity99.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
      4. associate-/r*99.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
      3. associate-/r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b} \]
    13. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
    14. Taylor expanded in a around inf 84.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a}} \]

    if -1.1e-26 < a < -2.3499999999999998e-61 or -6.9999999999999997e-117 < a

    1. Initial program 78.0%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative78.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*78.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      3. associate-*r/78.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. associate-*r*78.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. *-rgt-identity78.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      6. sub-neg78.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. distribute-neg-frac78.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval78.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified78.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity78.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. difference-of-squares88.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. times-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt53.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod80.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      6. frac-times80.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      7. metadata-eval80.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      8. metadata-eval80.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      9. frac-times80.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod33.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt72.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      12. div-inv72.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      13. metadata-eval72.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr72.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/72.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*72.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      3. +-commutative72.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      4. *-commutative72.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      5. +-commutative72.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
    8. Simplified72.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
      3. *-un-lft-identity99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
      4. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
      3. associate-/r*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b} \]
    13. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
    14. Taylor expanded in a around 0 73.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification76.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{-26} \lor \neg \left(a \leq -2.35 \cdot 10^{-61}\right) \land a \leq -7 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{+153}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b + a}}{a}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -1.5e+153)
   (* (/ PI (* b a)) (/ 0.5 a))
   (* (/ PI b) (/ (/ 0.5 (+ b a)) a))))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.5e+153) {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a);
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / b) * ((0.5 / (b + a)) / a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.5e+153) {
		tmp = (Math.PI / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI / b) * ((0.5 / (b + a)) / a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -1.5e+153:
		tmp = (math.pi / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a)
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi / b) * ((0.5 / (b + a)) / a)
	return tmp
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -1.5e+153)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(0.5 / a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / b) * Float64(Float64(0.5 / Float64(b + a)) / a));
	end
	return tmp
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -1.5e+153)
		tmp = (pi / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a);
	else
		tmp = (pi / b) * ((0.5 / (b + a)) / a);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -1.5e+153], N[(N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(0.5 / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{+153}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b + a}}{a}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.50000000000000009e153

    1. Initial program 46.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative46.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*46.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      3. associate-*r/46.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. associate-*r*46.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. *-rgt-identity46.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      6. sub-neg46.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. distribute-neg-frac46.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval46.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified46.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity46.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. difference-of-squares73.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. times-frac99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt43.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod75.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      6. frac-times75.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      7. metadata-eval75.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      8. metadata-eval75.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      9. frac-times75.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod45.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      12. div-inv72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      13. metadata-eval72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr72.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/72.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      3. +-commutative72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      4. *-commutative72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      5. +-commutative72.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
    8. Simplified72.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
      3. *-un-lft-identity99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
      4. associate-/r*99.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
      3. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b} \]
    13. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
    14. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a}} \]

    if -1.50000000000000009e153 < a

    1. Initial program 82.8%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative82.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*82.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      3. associate-*r/82.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. associate-*r*82.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. *-rgt-identity82.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      6. sub-neg82.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. distribute-neg-frac82.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval82.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified82.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity82.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt50.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod74.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      6. frac-times74.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      7. metadata-eval74.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      8. metadata-eval74.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      9. frac-times74.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod30.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
      12. div-inv64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      13. metadata-eval64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr64.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/64.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      3. +-commutative64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      4. *-commutative64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
      5. +-commutative64.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
    8. Simplified64.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
      3. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
      4. associate-/r*99.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
      5. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
      2. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
      3. associate-/r*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
    13. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{a + b}} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
      2. associate-*r/99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
      3. associate-*l/99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}}{a \cdot b}} \]
      4. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
      5. times-frac96.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{a + b}}{a}} \]
    15. Applied egg-rr96.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{a + b}}{a}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification96.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{+153}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{b + a}}{a}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.6% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ PI (* b a)) (/ 0.5 (+ b a))))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) / (b * a)) * (0.5 / (b + a));
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI / (b * a)) * (0.5 / (b + a));
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi / (b * a)) * (0.5 / (b + a))
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(0.5 / Float64(b + a)))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi / (b * a)) * (0.5 / (b + a));
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.5%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative78.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    3. associate-*r/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. *-rgt-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    6. sub-neg78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. distribute-neg-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    3. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt49.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    6. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    8. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    9. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod32.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    12. div-inv65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    13. metadata-eval65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/65.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    3. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    4. *-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    5. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
  8. Simplified65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    3. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
    4. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
    3. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b} \]
  13. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
  14. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}}{b + a} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (* b a))) (+ b a)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (b * a))) / (b + a);
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (Math.PI / (b * a))) / (b + a);
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * (math.pi / (b * a))) / (b + a)
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(b * a))) / Float64(b + a))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (b * a))) / (b + a);
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}}{b + a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.5%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative78.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    3. associate-*r/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. *-rgt-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    6. sub-neg78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. distribute-neg-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    3. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt49.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    6. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    8. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    9. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod32.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    12. div-inv65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    13. metadata-eval65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/65.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    3. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    4. *-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    5. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
  8. Simplified65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    3. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
    4. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
    3. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
  13. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{a + b}} \]
  14. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}}{b + a} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 62.8% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ PI (* b a)) (/ 0.5 a)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a);
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a);
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a)
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(0.5 / a))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi / (b * a)) * (0.5 / a);
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.5%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative78.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    3. associate-*r/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. associate-*r*78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. *-rgt-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    6. sub-neg78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. distribute-neg-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    3. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt49.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    6. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    7. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    8. metadata-eval74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    9. frac-times74.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod32.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \]
    12. div-inv65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    13. metadata-eval65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b + a} \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/65.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{b - a}}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    3. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    4. *-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b - a}\right)}{b + a} \]
    5. +-commutative65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \]
  8. Simplified65.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b - a}\right)}{a + b}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)}}{a + b} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}\right)}{a + b} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\right)}{a + b}} \]
    3. *-un-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
    4. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot 0.5}}{a + b} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
    3. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b} \]
  13. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}} \]
  14. Taylor expanded in a around inf 61.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a}} \]
  15. Final simplification61.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a} \]
  16. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024072 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))