
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (sqrt (pow (exp -0.6666666666666666) (/ r s)))) (* PI (* r s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + sqrtf(powf(expf(-0.6666666666666666f), (r / s)))) / (((float) M_PI) * (r * s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + sqrt((exp(Float32(-0.6666666666666666)) ^ Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + sqrt((exp(single(-0.6666666666666666)) ^ (r / s)))) / (single(pi) * (r * s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + \sqrt{{\left(e^{-0.6666666666666666}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
sqrt-unprod99.6%
pow-prod-down99.6%
prod-exp99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
distribute-neg-frac299.6%
exp-prod99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r)) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* r (* PI (* s 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / -s)) / r)) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (r * (((float) M_PI) * (s * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(r * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / -s)) / r)) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (r * (single(pi) * (s * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (* (/ 0.125 s) (/ 1.0 PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / s) * (1.0f / ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / s) * (single(1.0) / single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{0.125}{s} \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
pow-to-exp99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
rem-log-exp99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
div-inv99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
pow-to-exp99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
rem-log-exp99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* PI (* r s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (((float) M_PI) * (r * s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / (single(pi) * (r * s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
sqrt-unprod99.6%
pow-prod-down99.6%
prod-exp99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
distribute-neg-frac299.6%
exp-prod99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
add-sqr-sqrt99.7%
fma-define99.7%
pow1/299.7%
sqrt-pow199.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
pow1/299.8%
sqrt-pow199.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
Applied egg-rr99.8%
fma-undefine99.8%
pow-sqr99.7%
exp-prod99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
exp-prod99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* r (* s PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f((r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.9%
*-commutative9.9%
*-commutative9.9%
associate-*l*9.9%
Simplified9.9%
log1p-expm1-u13.7%
associate-*r*13.7%
*-commutative13.7%
*-commutative13.7%
*-commutative13.7%
Applied egg-rr13.7%
Final simplification13.7%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(*
0.125
(/
(+
2.0
(*
r
(- (* 0.5555555555555556 (/ r (pow s 2.0))) (/ 1.3333333333333333 s))))
(* PI (* r s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((2.0f + (r * ((0.5555555555555556f * (r / powf(s, 2.0f))) - (1.3333333333333333f / s)))) / (((float) M_PI) * (r * s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(r * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5555555555555556) * Float32(r / (s ^ Float32(2.0)))) - Float32(Float32(1.3333333333333333) / s)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((single(2.0) + (r * ((single(0.5555555555555556) * (r / (s ^ single(2.0)))) - (single(1.3333333333333333) / s)))) / (single(pi) * (r * s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{2 + r \cdot \left(0.5555555555555556 \cdot \frac{r}{{s}^{2}} - \frac{1.3333333333333333}{s}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
sqrt-unprod99.6%
pow-prod-down99.6%
prod-exp99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
distribute-neg-frac299.6%
exp-prod99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 11.2%
associate-*r/11.2%
metadata-eval11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(+
(/
(-
(* 0.125 (/ (* 0.5 (+ (/ r PI) (* (/ r PI) 0.1111111111111111))) s))
(/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s)
(/ 0.25 (* r PI)))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((((0.125f * ((0.5f * ((r / ((float) M_PI)) + ((r / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.1111111111111111f))) / s)) - (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s) + (0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) + Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.1111111111111111)))) / s)) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((((single(0.125) * ((single(0.5) * ((r / single(pi)) + ((r / single(pi)) * single(0.1111111111111111)))) / s)) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s) + (single(0.25) / (r * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{r}{\pi} + \frac{r}{\pi} \cdot 0.1111111111111111\right)}{s} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s} + \frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
sqrt-unprod99.6%
pow-prod-down99.6%
prod-exp99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (/ 0.25 r) PI) (/ -0.16666666666666666 (* s PI))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.25f / r) / ((float) M_PI)) + (-0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(pi)) + Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.25) / r) / single(pi)) + (single(-0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{\pi} + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
sqrt-unprod99.6%
pow-prod-down99.6%
prod-exp99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.2%
sub-neg10.2%
associate-*r/10.2%
metadata-eval10.2%
associate-/r*10.2%
associate-*r/10.2%
metadata-eval10.2%
*-commutative10.2%
distribute-neg-frac10.2%
metadata-eval10.2%
*-commutative10.2%
Simplified10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.9%
Final simplification9.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 PI) (* r s)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / ((float) M_PI)) / (r * s);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(pi)) / Float32(r * s)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / single(pi)) / (r * s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi}}{r \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.9%
add-log-exp6.3%
*-commutative6.3%
Applied egg-rr6.3%
rem-log-exp9.9%
*-commutative9.9%
associate-*r*9.9%
associate-/r*9.9%
Applied egg-rr9.9%
Final simplification9.9%
herbie shell --seed 2024071
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))