quadp (p42, positive)

Percentage Accurate: 52.1% → 85.6%

Time: 14.0s

Alternatives: 7

Speedup: 12.9×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0d0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a)

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(4.0 * Float64(a * c))))) / Float64(2.0 * a))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 52.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0d0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a)

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(4.0 * Float64(a * c))))) / Float64(2.0 * a))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 85.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{+84}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 4.3 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -2.4e+84)
   (/ b (- a))
   (if (<= b 4.3e-16)
     (/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c)))) b) (* a 2.0))
     (/ c (- b)))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.4e+84) {
		tmp = b / -a;
	} else if (b <= 4.3e-16) {
		tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-2.4d+84)) then
        tmp = b / -a
    else if (b <= 4.3d-16) then
        tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0d0 * (a * c)))) - b) / (a * 2.0d0)
    else
        tmp = c / -b
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.4e+84) {
		tmp = b / -a;
	} else if (b <= 4.3e-16) {
		tmp = (Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -2.4e+84:
		tmp = b / -a
	elif b <= 4.3e-16:
		tmp = (math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c)))) - b) / (a * 2.0)
	else:
		tmp = c / -b
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -2.4e+84)
		tmp = Float64(b / Float64(-a));
	elseif (b <= 4.3e-16)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(4.0 * Float64(a * c)))) - b) / Float64(a * 2.0));
	else
		tmp = Float64(c / Float64(-b));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -2.4e+84)
		tmp = b / -a;
	elseif (b <= 4.3e-16)
		tmp = (sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c)))) - b) / (a * 2.0);
	else
		tmp = c / -b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -2.4e+84], N[(b / (-a)), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 4.3e-16], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(c / (-b)), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -2.4e84

   1. Initial program 51.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 51.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 94.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg 94.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. distribute-neg-frac2 94.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{-a}} \]

   7. Simplified 94.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{-a}} \]

   if -2.4e84 < b < 4.2999999999999999e-16

   1. Initial program 81.1%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   if 4.2999999999999999e-16 < b

   1. Initial program 14.8%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 14.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 14.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around inf 87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r/ 87.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 87.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]

   7. Simplified 87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 85.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{+84}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 4.3 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 80.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.45 \cdot 10^{-110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 4.3 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -2.45e-110)
   (- (/ c b) (/ b a))
   (if (<= b 4.3e-16)
     (* (/ -0.5 a) (- b (sqrt (* a (* c -4.0)))))
     (/ c (- b)))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.45e-110) {
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	} else if (b <= 4.3e-16) {
		tmp = (-0.5 / a) * (b - sqrt((a * (c * -4.0))));
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-2.45d-110)) then
        tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
    else if (b <= 4.3d-16) then
        tmp = ((-0.5d0) / a) * (b - sqrt((a * (c * (-4.0d0)))))
    else
        tmp = c / -b
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.45e-110) {
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	} else if (b <= 4.3e-16) {
		tmp = (-0.5 / a) * (b - Math.sqrt((a * (c * -4.0))));
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -2.45e-110:
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
	elif b <= 4.3e-16:
		tmp = (-0.5 / a) * (b - math.sqrt((a * (c * -4.0))))
	else:
		tmp = c / -b
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -2.45e-110)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) - Float64(b / a));
	elseif (b <= 4.3e-16)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-0.5 / a) * Float64(b - sqrt(Float64(a * Float64(c * -4.0)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(c / Float64(-b));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -2.45e-110)
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	elseif (b <= 4.3e-16)
		tmp = (-0.5 / a) * (b - sqrt((a * (c * -4.0))));
	else
		tmp = c / -b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -2.45e-110], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 4.3e-16], N[(N[(-0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b - N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(c / (-b)), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -2.4499999999999999e-110

   1. Initial program 66.8%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 66.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 66.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 86.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg 86.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative 86.5%

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot b} \]

      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 86.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)} \]

      4. +-commutative 86.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \left(-b\right) \]

      5. mul-1-neg 86.5%

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right) \]

      6. unsub-neg 86.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \left(-b\right) \]

   7. Simplified 86.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 86.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a} + \frac{c}{b}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 86.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} + -1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. mul-1-neg 86.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{c}{b} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{b}{a}\right)} \]

      3. unsub-neg 86.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}} \]

   10. Simplified 86.8%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}} \]

   if -2.4499999999999999e-110 < b < 4.2999999999999999e-16

   1. Initial program 78.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 78.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 78.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 76.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{a \cdot 2} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -4}}}{a \cdot 2} \]

      2. *-commutative 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} \cdot -4}}{a \cdot 2} \]

      3. associate-*l* 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}}}{a \cdot 2} \]

   7. Simplified 76.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}}}{a \cdot 2} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. frac-2neg 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)}{-a \cdot 2}} \]

      2. div-inv 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2}} \]

      3. distribute-neg-in 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(-b\right)\right) + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      4. add-sqr-sqrt 40.8%

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{-b} \cdot \sqrt{-b}}\right) + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      5. sqrt-unprod 75.4%

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)}}\right) + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      6. sqr-neg 75.4%

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      7. sqrt-prod 35.0%

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{b} \cdot \sqrt{b}}\right) + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      8. add-sqr-sqrt 75.0%

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\color{blue}{b}\right) + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      9. sub-neg 75.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      10. add-sqr-sqrt 40.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{-b} \cdot \sqrt{-b}} - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      11. sqrt-unprod 75.6%

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)}} - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      12. sqr-neg 75.6%

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}} - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      13. sqrt-prod 35.5%

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{b} \cdot \sqrt{b}} - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      14. add-sqr-sqrt 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{b} - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      15. *-commutative 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot a\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-a \cdot 2} \]

      16. distribute-rgt-neg-in 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(-4 \cdot a\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-2\right)}} \]

      17. metadata-eval 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(-4 \cdot a\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a \cdot \color{blue}{-2}} \]

   9. Applied egg-rr 76.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(-4 \cdot a\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a \cdot -2}} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. *-commutative 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot -2} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(-4 \cdot a\right)}\right)} \]

       2. associate-/r* 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2}} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(-4 \cdot a\right)}\right) \]

       3. *-commutative 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot -4\right)}}\right) \]

   11. Simplified 76.3%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)} \]
   12. Step-by-step derivation

       1. sub-neg 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b + \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right)} \]

       2. distribute-lft-in 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot b + \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right)} \]

       3. associate-/l/ 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{-2 \cdot a}} \cdot b + \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \]

       4. associate-/r* 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{-2}}{a}} \cdot b + \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \]

       5. metadata-eval 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5}}{a} \cdot b + \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{-2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \]

       6. associate-/l/ 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{-2 \cdot a}} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \]

       7. associate-/r* 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{-2}}{a}} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \]

       8. metadata-eval 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5}}{a} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{c \cdot \left(a \cdot -4\right)}\right) \]

       9. associate-*r* 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4}}\right) \]

       10. *-commutative 76.3%

           \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right)} \cdot -4}\right) \]

       11. associate-*l* 76.3%

           \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}}\right) \]

   13. Applied egg-rr 76.3%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot b + \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(-\sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}\right)} \]
   14. Step-by-step derivation

       1. distribute-lft-out 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(b + \left(-\sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}\right)\right)} \]

       2. sub-neg 76.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - \sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}\right)} \]

   15. Simplified 76.3%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}\right)} \]

   if 4.2999999999999999e-16 < b

   1. Initial program 14.8%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 14.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 14.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around inf 87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r/ 87.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 87.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]

   7. Simplified 87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 83.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.45 \cdot 10^{-110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 4.3 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5}{a} \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 68.4% accurate, 9.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -2e-310) (- (/ c b) (/ b a)) (/ c (- b))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2e-310) {
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-2d-310)) then
        tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
    else
        tmp = c / -b
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2e-310) {
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -2e-310:
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
	else:
		tmp = c / -b
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -2e-310)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) - Float64(b / a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(c / Float64(-b));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -2e-310)
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	else
		tmp = c / -b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -2e-310], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(c / (-b)), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < -1.999999999999994e-310

   1. Initial program 73.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 73.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 73.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg 61.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative 61.1%

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot b} \]

      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 61.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)} \]

      4. +-commutative 61.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \left(-b\right) \]

      5. mul-1-neg 61.1%

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right) \]

      6. unsub-neg 61.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \left(-b\right) \]

   7. Simplified 61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 63.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a} + \frac{c}{b}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 63.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} + -1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. mul-1-neg 63.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{c}{b} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{b}{a}\right)} \]

      3. unsub-neg 63.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}} \]

   10. Simplified 63.0%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}} \]

   if -1.999999999999994e-310 < b

   1. Initial program 36.0%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 36.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 36.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around inf 63.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r/ 63.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 63.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]

   7. Simplified 63.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 63.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 43.4% accurate, 12.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 6000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 6000000000000.0) (/ b (- a)) (/ c b)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 6000000000000.0) {
		tmp = b / -a;
	} else {
		tmp = c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= 6000000000000.0d0) then
        tmp = b / -a
    else
        tmp = c / b
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 6000000000000.0) {
		tmp = b / -a;
	} else {
		tmp = c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 6000000000000.0:
		tmp = b / -a
	else:
		tmp = c / b
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 6000000000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(b / Float64(-a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(c / b);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 6000000000000.0)
		tmp = b / -a;
	else
		tmp = c / b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 6000000000000.0], N[(b / (-a)), $MachinePrecision], N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < 6e12

   1. Initial program 70.6%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 70.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 70.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 46.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg 46.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. distribute-neg-frac2 46.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{-a}} \]

   7. Simplified 46.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{-a}} \]

   if 6e12 < b

   1. Initial program 15.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 15.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 15.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. clear-num 15.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 2}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}} \]

      2. inv-pow 15.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot 2}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 6.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot 2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow-1 6.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

      2. associate-/l* 6.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

      3. *-commutative 6.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -4}, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}} \]

   8. Simplified 6.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -4, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 27.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 41.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 6000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 68.2% accurate, 12.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-300}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.35e-300) (/ b (- a)) (/ c (- b))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.35e-300) {
		tmp = b / -a;
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= 1.35d-300) then
        tmp = b / -a
    else
        tmp = c / -b
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.35e-300) {
		tmp = b / -a;
	} else {
		tmp = c / -b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 1.35e-300:
		tmp = b / -a
	else:
		tmp = c / -b
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 1.35e-300)
		tmp = Float64(b / Float64(-a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(c / Float64(-b));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 1.35e-300)
		tmp = b / -a;
	else
		tmp = c / -b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.35e-300], N[(b / (-a)), $MachinePrecision], N[(c / (-b)), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < 1.34999999999999998e-300

   1. Initial program 73.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 73.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 73.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 62.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg 62.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. distribute-neg-frac2 62.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{-a}} \]

   7. Simplified 62.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{-a}} \]

   if 1.34999999999999998e-300 < b

   1. Initial program 35.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 35.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

   3. Simplified 35.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in b around inf 63.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r/ 63.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 63.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]

   7. Simplified 63.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 62.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-300}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{-b}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 2.5% accurate, 38.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{b}{a} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ b a))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return b / a;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = b / a
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return b / a;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return b / a

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(b / a)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = b / a;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 55.8%

   \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

3. Simplified 55.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. clear-num 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 2}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}} \]

   2. inv-pow 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot 2}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]

6. Applied egg-rr 37.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot 2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. unpow-1 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

   2. associate-/l* 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

   3. *-commutative 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -4}, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}} \]

8. Simplified 37.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -4, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 2.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

10. Final simplification 2.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{b}{a} \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 10.6% accurate, 38.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{c}{b} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ c b))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return c / b;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = c / b
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return c / b;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return c / b

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(c / b)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = c / b;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 55.8%

   \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 2}} \]

3. Simplified 55.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a \cdot 2}} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. clear-num 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 2}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}} \]

   2. inv-pow 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot 2}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]

6. Applied egg-rr 37.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot 2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. unpow-1 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot 2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

   2. associate-/l* 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

   3. *-commutative 37.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -4}, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}} \]

8. Simplified 37.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot \frac{2}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -4, a, {b}^{2}\right)}}}} \]

9. Taylor expanded in b around -inf 9.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

10. Final simplification 9.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{c}{b} \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.7% accurate, 0.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left|\frac{b}{2}\right|\\ t_1 := \sqrt{\left|a\right|} \cdot \sqrt{\left|c\right|}\\ t_2 := \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\mathsf{copysign}\left(a, c\right) = a:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{t\_0 - t\_1} \cdot \sqrt{t\_0 + t\_1}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\frac{b}{2}, t\_1\right)\\ \end{array}\\ \mathbf{if}\;b < 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t\_2 - \frac{b}{2}}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{\frac{b}{2} + t\_2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (fabs (/ b 2.0)))
        (t_1 (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))
        (t_2
         (if (== (copysign a c) a)
           (* (sqrt (- t_0 t_1)) (sqrt (+ t_0 t_1)))
           (hypot (/ b 2.0) t_1))))
   (if (< b 0.0) (/ (- t_2 (/ b 2.0)) a) (/ (- c) (+ (/ b 2.0) t_2)))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double t_0 = fabs((b / 2.0));
	double t_1 = sqrt(fabs(a)) * sqrt(fabs(c));
	double tmp;
	if (copysign(a, c) == a) {
		tmp = sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * sqrt((t_0 + t_1));
	} else {
		tmp = hypot((b / 2.0), t_1);
	}
	double t_2 = tmp;
	double tmp_1;
	if (b < 0.0) {
		tmp_1 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a;
	} else {
		tmp_1 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2);
	}
	return tmp_1;
}

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double t_0 = Math.abs((b / 2.0));
	double t_1 = Math.sqrt(Math.abs(a)) * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(c));
	double tmp;
	if (Math.copySign(a, c) == a) {
		tmp = Math.sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * Math.sqrt((t_0 + t_1));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.hypot((b / 2.0), t_1);
	}
	double t_2 = tmp;
	double tmp_1;
	if (b < 0.0) {
		tmp_1 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a;
	} else {
		tmp_1 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2);
	}
	return tmp_1;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	t_0 = math.fabs((b / 2.0))
	t_1 = math.sqrt(math.fabs(a)) * math.sqrt(math.fabs(c))
	tmp = 0
	if math.copysign(a, c) == a:
		tmp = math.sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * math.sqrt((t_0 + t_1))
	else:
		tmp = math.hypot((b / 2.0), t_1)
	t_2 = tmp
	tmp_1 = 0
	if b < 0.0:
		tmp_1 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a
	else:
		tmp_1 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2)
	return tmp_1

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	t_0 = abs(Float64(b / 2.0))
	t_1 = Float64(sqrt(abs(a)) * sqrt(abs(c)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (copysign(a, c) == a)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(t_0 - t_1)) * sqrt(Float64(t_0 + t_1)));
	else
		tmp = hypot(Float64(b / 2.0), t_1);
	end
	t_2 = tmp
	tmp_1 = 0.0
	if (b < 0.0)
		tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(t_2 - Float64(b / 2.0)) / a);
	else
		tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(-c) / Float64(Float64(b / 2.0) + t_2));
	end
	return tmp_1
end

MATLAB

function tmp_3 = code(a, b, c)
	t_0 = abs((b / 2.0));
	t_1 = sqrt(abs(a)) * sqrt(abs(c));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((sign(c) * abs(a)) == a)
		tmp = sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * sqrt((t_0 + t_1));
	else
		tmp = hypot((b / 2.0), t_1);
	end
	t_2 = tmp;
	tmp_2 = 0.0;
	if (b < 0.0)
		tmp_2 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a;
	else
		tmp_2 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2);
	end
	tmp_3 = tmp_2;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Abs[N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sqrt[N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[Abs[c], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = If[Equal[N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[a], TMP2 = Sign[c]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision], a], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(t$95$0 - t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(t$95$0 + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sqrt[N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + t$95$1 ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]]}, If[Less[b, 0.0], N[(N[(t$95$2 - N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / N[(N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024067 
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "quadp (p42, positive)"
  :precision binary64
  :herbie-expected 10

  :alt
  (if (< b 0.0) (/ (- (if (== (copysign a c) a) (* (sqrt (- (fabs (/ b 2.0)) (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))) (sqrt (+ (fabs (/ b 2.0)) (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c)))))) (hypot (/ b 2.0) (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))) (/ b 2.0)) a) (/ (- c) (+ (/ b 2.0) (if (== (copysign a c) a) (* (sqrt (- (fabs (/ b 2.0)) (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))) (sqrt (+ (fabs (/ b 2.0)) (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c)))))) (hypot (/ b 2.0) (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))))))

  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))