
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (fabs x_m) (- s))))) (/ t_0 (* (+ t_0 1.0) (+ s (/ s (exp (/ x_m s))))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((fabsf(x_m) / -s));
return t_0 / ((t_0 + 1.0f) * (s + (s / expf((x_m / s)))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
t_0 = exp((abs(x_m) / -s))
code = t_0 / ((t_0 + 1.0e0) * (s + (s / exp((x_m / s)))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(abs(x_m) / Float32(-s))) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(t_0 + Float32(1.0)) * Float32(s + Float32(s / exp(Float32(x_m / s)))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp((abs(x_m) / -s)); tmp = t_0 / ((t_0 + single(1.0)) * (s + (s / exp((x_m / s))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}}\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(t\_0 + 1\right) \cdot \left(s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}}\right)}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
distribute-lft-in99.7%
*-rgt-identity99.7%
fma-define99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
rec-exp99.8%
fma-define99.8%
div-inv99.8%
add-cube-cbrt99.5%
associate-/l*99.5%
fma-define99.5%
Applied egg-rr96.9%
fma-undefine96.9%
associate-*r/96.9%
unpow296.9%
rem-3cbrt-lft97.2%
+-commutative97.2%
Simplified97.2%
Final simplification97.2%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (if (<= (- (fabs x_m)) -1500000.0) (/ (exp (/ x_m (- s))) (* s 4.0)) (/ (exp (+ (/ x_m s) (* (log1p (exp (/ x_m s))) -2.0))) s)))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float tmp;
if (-fabsf(x_m) <= -1500000.0f) {
tmp = expf((x_m / -s)) / (s * 4.0f);
} else {
tmp = expf(((x_m / s) + (log1pf(expf((x_m / s))) * -2.0f))) / s;
}
return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (Float32(-abs(x_m)) <= Float32(-1500000.0)) tmp = Float32(exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) / Float32(s * Float32(4.0))); else tmp = Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(x_m / s) + Float32(log1p(exp(Float32(x_m / s))) * Float32(-2.0)))) / s); end return tmp end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;-\left|x\_m\right| \leq -1500000:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}}{s \cdot 4}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s} + \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\right) \cdot -2}}{s}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (neg.f32 (fabs.f32 x)) < -1.5e6Initial program 100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
Simplified100.0%
distribute-frac-neg100.0%
rec-exp100.0%
pow1100.0%
pow1100.0%
frac-2neg100.0%
frac-2neg100.0%
add-sqr-sqrt52.1%
fabs-sqr52.1%
add-sqr-sqrt53.6%
Applied egg-rr53.6%
rec-exp53.6%
distribute-neg-frac253.6%
Simplified53.6%
if -1.5e6 < (neg.f32 (fabs.f32 x)) Initial program 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.4%
associate-*r/99.4%
mul-1-neg99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.4%
associate-/r*99.5%
mul-1-neg99.5%
distribute-neg-frac299.5%
mul-1-neg99.5%
distribute-neg-frac299.5%
Simplified99.5%
*-un-lft-identity99.5%
associate-/l/99.4%
associate-/r*99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
*-lft-identity99.7%
sub-neg99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification82.4%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (exp (/ (fabs x_m) (- s))) (* s (pow (+ 1.0 (exp (/ x_m (- s)))) 2.0))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return expf((fabsf(x_m) / -s)) / (s * powf((1.0f + expf((x_m / -s))), 2.0f));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = exp((abs(x_m) / -s)) / (s * ((1.0e0 + exp((x_m / -s))) ** 2.0e0))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(exp(Float32(abs(x_m) / Float32(-s))) / Float32(s * (Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s)))) ^ Float32(2.0)))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = exp((abs(x_m) / -s)) / (s * ((single(1.0) + exp((x_m / -s))) ^ single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}}}{s \cdot {\left(1 + e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
Simplified99.6%
distribute-frac-neg94.4%
rec-exp94.4%
pow194.4%
pow194.4%
frac-2neg94.4%
frac-2neg94.4%
add-sqr-sqrt46.3%
fabs-sqr46.3%
add-sqr-sqrt61.4%
Applied egg-rr97.0%
rec-exp61.4%
distribute-neg-frac261.4%
Simplified97.0%
Final simplification97.0%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (exp (/ x_m (- s))) s) (pow (+ (exp (/ (fabs x_m) (- s))) 1.0) 2.0)))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return (expf((x_m / -s)) / s) / powf((expf((fabsf(x_m) / -s)) + 1.0f), 2.0f);
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (exp((x_m / -s)) / s) / ((exp((abs(x_m) / -s)) + 1.0e0) ** 2.0e0)
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) / s) / (Float32(exp(Float32(abs(x_m) / Float32(-s))) + Float32(1.0)) ^ Float32(2.0))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = (exp((x_m / -s)) / s) / ((exp((abs(x_m) / -s)) + single(1.0)) ^ single(2.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}}{s}}{{\left(e^{\frac{\left|x\_m\right|}{-s}} + 1\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.6%
associate-/r*99.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
distribute-neg-frac299.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
distribute-neg-frac299.7%
Simplified99.7%
add-sqr-sqrt49.0%
fabs-sqr49.0%
add-sqr-sqrt64.1%
distribute-frac-neg264.1%
rem-log-exp64.1%
rec-exp64.0%
frac-2neg64.0%
metadata-eval64.0%
add-exp-log64.0%
div-inv64.0%
Applied egg-rr64.0%
mul-1-neg64.0%
distribute-frac-neg264.0%
remove-double-neg64.0%
rec-exp64.1%
distribute-frac-neg64.1%
Simplified64.1%
Final simplification64.1%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (exp (/ x_m (- s))) (* s 4.0)))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return expf((x_m / -s)) / (s * 4.0f);
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = exp((x_m / -s)) / (s * 4.0e0)
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) / Float32(s * Float32(4.0))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = exp((x_m / -s)) / (s * single(4.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}}{s \cdot 4}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 94.4%
*-commutative94.4%
Simplified94.4%
distribute-frac-neg94.4%
rec-exp94.4%
pow194.4%
pow194.4%
frac-2neg94.4%
frac-2neg94.4%
add-sqr-sqrt46.3%
fabs-sqr46.3%
add-sqr-sqrt61.4%
Applied egg-rr61.4%
rec-exp61.4%
distribute-neg-frac261.4%
Simplified61.4%
Final simplification61.4%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 1.0 (* s (+ 4.0 (* (/ x_m s) (/ x_m s))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 1.0f / (s * (4.0f + ((x_m / s) * (x_m / s))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 1.0e0 / (s * (4.0e0 + ((x_m / s) * (x_m / s))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(4.0) + Float32(Float32(x_m / s) * Float32(x_m / s))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(1.0) / (s * (single(4.0) + ((x_m / s) * (x_m / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{1}{s \cdot \left(4 + \frac{x\_m}{s} \cdot \frac{x\_m}{s}\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
Simplified99.6%
clear-num99.7%
inv-pow99.7%
Applied egg-rr67.7%
unpow-167.7%
associate-/l*67.7%
Simplified67.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.1%
unpow281.1%
unpow281.1%
frac-times80.0%
Applied egg-rr80.0%
Final simplification80.0%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 0.25f / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 0.25e0 / s
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.25) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{0.25}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 94.4%
*-commutative94.4%
Simplified94.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 33.9%
Final simplification33.9%
herbie shell --seed 2024067
(FPCore (x s)
:name "Logistic distribution"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631))
(/ (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)) (* (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)))) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))))))