Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 23.3s
Alternatives: 15
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 15 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 88.7% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -700 \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 701.6\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z))))
   (if (or (<= t_1 -700.0) (not (<= t_1 701.6)))
     (- (+ (log y) (* (log t) a)) t)
     (- (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log((x + y)) + log(z);
	double tmp;
	if ((t_1 <= -700.0) || !(t_1 <= 701.6)) {
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log((x + y)) + log(z)
    if ((t_1 <= (-700.0d0)) .or. (.not. (t_1 <= 701.6d0))) then
        tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t
    else
        tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z);
	double tmp;
	if ((t_1 <= -700.0) || !(t_1 <= 701.6)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)
	tmp = 0
	if (t_1 <= -700.0) or not (t_1 <= 701.6):
		tmp = (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)) - t
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(((x + y) * z)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z))
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t_1 <= -700.0) || !(t_1 <= 701.6))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a)) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log((x + y)) + log(z);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t_1 <= -700.0) || ~((t_1 <= 701.6)))
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	else
		tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[t$95$1, -700.0], N[Not[LessEqual[t$95$1, 701.6]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -700 \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 701.6\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -700 or 701.600000000000023 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 70.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 62.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative62.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified62.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]

    if -700 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 701.600000000000023

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification90.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq -700 \lor \neg \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z \leq 701.6\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 85.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.032:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.032)
   (+ (log z) (- (log (+ x y)) (* (log t) (- 0.5 a))))
   (- (+ (log y) (* (log t) a)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.032) {
		tmp = log(z) + (log((x + y)) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.032d0) then
        tmp = log(z) + (log((x + y)) - (log(t) * (0.5d0 - a)))
    else
        tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.032) {
		tmp = Math.log(z) + (Math.log((x + y)) - (Math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.032:
		tmp = math.log(z) + (math.log((x + y)) - (math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.032)
		tmp = Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - Float64(log(t) * Float64(0.5 - a))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.032)
		tmp = log(z) + (log((x + y)) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)));
	else
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.032], N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.032:\\
\;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 0.032000000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 0.032000000000000001 < t

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 64.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 64.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative64.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified64.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification82.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.032:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 67.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.032:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 0.032)
   (+ (log y) (- (log z) (* (log t) (- 0.5 a))))
   (- (+ (log y) (* (log t) a)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.032) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 0.032d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5d0 - a)))
    else
        tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 0.032) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) - (Math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 0.032:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) - (math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 0.032)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) - Float64(log(t) * Float64(0.5 - a))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 0.032)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)));
	else
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.032], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.032:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 0.032000000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 69.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 68.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 0.032000000000000001 < t

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 64.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 64.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative64.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified64.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.032:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 68.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (log z) (log y)) (- (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) + log(y)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) + log(y)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) - t)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) + Math.log(y)) + ((Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) + math.log(y)) + ((math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(y)) + Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) - t))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) + log(y)) + ((log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification67.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 68.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (- (+ (log y) (- (log z) (* (log t) (- 0.5 a)))) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5d0 - a)))) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) - (Math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(y) + (math.log(z) - (math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) - Float64(log(t) * Float64(0.5 - a)))) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    3. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Final simplification67.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\right) - t \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 64.4% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ t_2 := \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -4.2 \cdot 10^{-48}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -1.65 \cdot 10^{-102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+59}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)) (t_2 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t))))
   (if (<= a -1.8e+26)
     t_1
     (if (<= a -4.2e-48)
       t_2
       (if (<= a -1.65e-102)
         (+ (log (* y z)) (* (log t) -0.5))
         (if (<= a 1.25e+59) t_2 t_1))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double t_2 = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.8e+26) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= -4.2e-48) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= -1.65e-102) {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * -0.5);
	} else if (a <= 1.25e+59) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    t_2 = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)
    if (a <= (-1.8d+26)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (a <= (-4.2d-48)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (a <= (-1.65d-102)) then
        tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (-0.5d0))
    else if (a <= 1.25d+59) then
        tmp = t_2
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double t_2 = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t);
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.8e+26) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= -4.2e-48) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= -1.65e-102) {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + (Math.log(t) * -0.5);
	} else if (a <= 1.25e+59) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	t_2 = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -1.8e+26:
		tmp = t_1
	elif a <= -4.2e-48:
		tmp = t_2
	elif a <= -1.65e-102:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + (math.log(t) * -0.5)
	elif a <= 1.25e+59:
		tmp = t_2
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	t_2 = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -1.8e+26)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= -4.2e-48)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= -1.65e-102)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(log(t) * -0.5));
	elseif (a <= 1.25e+59)
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	t_2 = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -1.8e+26)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= -4.2e-48)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= -1.65e-102)
		tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * -0.5);
	elseif (a <= 1.25e+59)
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -1.8e+26], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[a, -4.2e-48], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[a, -1.65e-102], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 1.25e+59], t$95$2, t$95$1]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
t_2 := \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -4.2 \cdot 10^{-48}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -1.65 \cdot 10^{-102}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+59}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < -1.80000000000000012e26 or 1.2499999999999999e59 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 85.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative85.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified85.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -1.80000000000000012e26 < a < -4.19999999999999977e-48 or -1.65e-102 < a < 1.2499999999999999e59

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 59.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]

    if -4.19999999999999977e-48 < a < -1.65e-102

    1. Initial program 98.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+98.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval98.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 44.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 44.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. log-pow44.1%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-+r+43.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)} \]
      3. log-prod38.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative38.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      5. log-pow38.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \log t} \]
      6. *-commutative38.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5} \]
    9. Simplified38.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification69.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -4.2 \cdot 10^{-48}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -1.65 \cdot 10^{-102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 63.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ t_2 := \log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.6 \cdot 10^{+23}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -6.8 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{-102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+59}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)) (t_2 (- (log (+ x y)) t)))
   (if (<= a -4.6e+23)
     t_1
     (if (<= a -6.8e-49)
       t_2
       (if (<= a -2.4e-102)
         (+ (log (* y z)) (* (log t) -0.5))
         (if (<= a 1.25e+59) t_2 t_1))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
	double t_2 = log((x + y)) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -4.6e+23) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= -6.8e-49) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= -2.4e-102) {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * -0.5);
	} else if (a <= 1.25e+59) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * a
    t_2 = log((x + y)) - t
    if (a <= (-4.6d+23)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (a <= (-6.8d-49)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (a <= (-2.4d-102)) then
        tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (-0.5d0))
    else if (a <= 1.25d+59) then
        tmp = t_2
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
	double t_2 = Math.log((x + y)) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -4.6e+23) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= -6.8e-49) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= -2.4e-102) {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + (Math.log(t) * -0.5);
	} else if (a <= 1.25e+59) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
	t_2 = math.log((x + y)) - t
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -4.6e+23:
		tmp = t_1
	elif a <= -6.8e-49:
		tmp = t_2
	elif a <= -2.4e-102:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + (math.log(t) * -0.5)
	elif a <= 1.25e+59:
		tmp = t_2
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	t_2 = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -4.6e+23)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= -6.8e-49)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= -2.4e-102)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(log(t) * -0.5));
	elseif (a <= 1.25e+59)
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * a;
	t_2 = log((x + y)) - t;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -4.6e+23)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= -6.8e-49)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= -2.4e-102)
		tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * -0.5);
	elseif (a <= 1.25e+59)
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -4.6e+23], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[a, -6.8e-49], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[a, -2.4e-102], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 1.25e+59], t$95$2, t$95$1]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
t_2 := \log \left(x + y\right) - t\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.6 \cdot 10^{+23}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -6.8 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{-102}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+59}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < -4.6000000000000001e23 or 1.2499999999999999e59 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 85.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative85.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified85.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -4.6000000000000001e23 < a < -6.8000000000000001e-49 or -2.4e-102 < a < 1.2499999999999999e59

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 58.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-158.1%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified58.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]

    if -6.8000000000000001e-49 < a < -2.4e-102

    1. Initial program 98.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+98.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg98.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval98.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 44.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 44.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. log-pow44.1%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-+r+43.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)} \]
      3. log-prod38.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative38.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      5. log-pow38.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \log t} \]
      6. *-commutative38.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5} \]
    9. Simplified38.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification68.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.6 \cdot 10^{+23}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -6.8 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{-102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 59.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-287}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 10^{-39}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (log y) (* (log t) a))))
   (if (<= t 4.1e-287)
     t_1
     (if (<= t 1e-39) (+ (log (* y z)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))) (- t_1 t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(y) + (log(t) * a);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 4.1e-287) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t <= 1e-39) {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(y) + (log(t) * a)
    if (t <= 4.1d-287) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t <= 1d-39) then
        tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
    else
        tmp = t_1 - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 4.1e-287) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t <= 1e-39) {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 4.1e-287:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t <= 1e-39:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 4.1e-287)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t <= 1e-39)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(y) + (log(t) * a);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 4.1e-287)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t <= 1e-39)
		tmp = log((y * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	else
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 4.1e-287], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[t, 1e-39], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log y + \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-287}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 10^{-39}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if t < 4.1000000000000002e-287

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 82.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around inf 74.9%

      \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative74.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
    9. Simplified74.9%

      \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 4.1000000000000002e-287 < t < 9.99999999999999929e-40

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. log-prod84.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
      2. +-commutative84.1%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    7. Simplified84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in y around inf 64.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg64.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)}\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
      2. log-rec64.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\log y\right)}\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
      3. remove-double-neg64.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log y}\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
      4. log-prod56.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot y\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    10. Simplified56.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot y\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]

    if 9.99999999999999929e-40 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 63.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative63.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified63.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-287}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 10^{-39}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 58.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.56 \cdot 10^{-5} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{-15}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -2.56e-5) (not (<= a 1.85e-15)))
   (- (+ (log y) (* (log t) a)) t)
   (- (log (* y (* z (pow t -0.5)))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2.56e-5) || !(a <= 1.85e-15)) {
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((y * (z * pow(t, -0.5)))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-2.56d-5)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.85d-15))) then
        tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t
    else
        tmp = log((y * (z * (t ** (-0.5d0))))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2.56e-5) || !(a <= 1.85e-15)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((y * (z * Math.pow(t, -0.5)))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -2.56e-5) or not (a <= 1.85e-15):
		tmp = (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((y * (z * math.pow(t, -0.5)))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -2.56e-5) || !(a <= 1.85e-15))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a)) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * Float64(z * (t ^ -0.5)))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -2.56e-5) || ~((a <= 1.85e-15)))
		tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((y * (z * (t ^ -0.5)))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -2.56e-5], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.85e-15]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(y * N[(z * N[Power[t, -0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.56 \cdot 10^{-5} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{-15}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -2.5599999999999999e-5 or 1.85000000000000008e-15 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 68.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
    8. Simplified68.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]

    if -2.5599999999999999e-5 < a < 1.85000000000000008e-15

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 64.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 64.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right)} - t \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. log-pow35.1%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-+r+35.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)} \]
      3. log-prod30.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative30.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} + \log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      5. log-pow30.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \log t} \]
      6. *-commutative30.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5} \]
    8. Simplified51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in z around 0 64.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right)} - t \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+64.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} - t \]
      2. log-prod51.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
      3. log-pow51.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left({t}^{-0.5}\right)}\right) - t \]
      4. log-prod46.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)} - t \]
      5. associate-*l*47.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right)} - t \]
    11. Simplified47.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right)} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification58.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.56 \cdot 10^{-5} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{-15}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 57.1% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (+ (log y) (* (log t) a)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * a)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * a)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * a)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(y) + (log(t) * a)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    3. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 53.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative53.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
  8. Simplified53.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right) - t \]
  9. Final simplification53.4%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \log t \cdot a\right) - t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 64.9% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{+24} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.95 \cdot 10^{+59}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -1.2e+24) (not (<= a 1.95e+59)))
   (* (log t) a)
   (- (log (+ x y)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.2e+24) || !(a <= 1.95e+59)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-1.2d+24)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.95d+59))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.2e+24) || !(a <= 1.95e+59)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.2e+24) or not (a <= 1.95e+59):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.2e+24) || !(a <= 1.95e+59))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.2e+24) || ~((a <= 1.95e+59)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.2e+24], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.95e+59]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{+24} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.95 \cdot 10^{+59}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.2e24 or 1.95000000000000011e59 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 85.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative85.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified85.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -1.2e24 < a < 1.95000000000000011e59

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 55.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-155.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified55.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification68.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{+24} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.95 \cdot 10^{+59}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 61.8% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+18} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+59}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -9e+18) (not (<= a 7e+59))) (* (log t) a) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -9e+18) || !(a <= 7e+59)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-9d+18)) .or. (.not. (a <= 7d+59))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -9e+18) || !(a <= 7e+59)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -9e+18) or not (a <= 7e+59):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -9e+18) || !(a <= 7e+59))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -9e+18) || ~((a <= 7e+59)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -9e+18], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 7e+59]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+18} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+59}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -9e18 or 7e59 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(t + \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 84.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative84.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified84.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -9e18 < a < 7e59

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 49.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-149.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified49.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification65.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+18} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+59}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 40.4% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 26500:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 26500.0) (log (+ x y)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 26500.0) {
		tmp = log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 26500.0d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y))
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 26500.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 26500.0:
		tmp = math.log((x + y))
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 26500.0)
		tmp = log(Float64(x + y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 26500.0)
		tmp = log((x + y));
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 26500.0], N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 26500:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 26500

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 9.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-19.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified9.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 9.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative9.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \]
    10. Simplified9.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y + x\right)} \]

    if 26500 < t

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 71.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-171.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified71.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification38.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 26500:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 37.2% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    3. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 34.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-134.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Simplified34.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  9. Final simplification34.9%

    \[\leadsto -t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024067 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))