Beckmann Distribution sample, tan2theta, alphax == alphay

Percentage Accurate: 55.0% → 99.0%

Time: 10.4s

Alternatives: 9

Speedup: 21.6×

Specification

\[\left(0.0001 \leq \alpha \land \alpha \leq 1\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq u0 \land u0 \leq 1\right)\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return (-alpha * alpha) * logf((1.0f - u0));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = (-alpha * alpha) * log((1.0e0 - u0))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-alpha) * alpha) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * log((single(1.0) - u0));
end

Initial Program: 55.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return (-alpha * alpha) * logf((1.0f - u0));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = (-alpha * alpha) * log((1.0e0 - u0))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-alpha) * alpha) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * log((single(1.0) - u0));
end

Alternative 1: 99.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0) :precision binary32 (* alpha (* alpha (- (log1p (- u0))))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (alpha * -log1pf(-u0));
}

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(alpha * Float32(-log1p(Float32(-u0)))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Final simplification 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 93.7% accurate, 5.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot 0.5 + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + u0 \cdot 0.25\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  alpha
  (*
   u0
   (+
    alpha
    (*
     u0
     (+ (* alpha 0.5) (* (* alpha u0) (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* u0 0.25)))))))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (u0 * ((alpha * 0.5f) + ((alpha * u0) * (0.3333333333333333f + (u0 * 0.25f)))))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (u0 * ((alpha * 0.5e0) + ((alpha * u0) * (0.3333333333333333e0 + (u0 * 0.25e0)))))))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(alpha + Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(alpha * Float32(0.5)) + Float32(Float32(alpha * u0) * Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(u0 * Float32(0.25)))))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (u0 * ((alpha * single(0.5)) + ((alpha * u0) * (single(0.3333333333333333) + (u0 * single(0.25))))))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in alpha around 0 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + 0.25 \cdot u0\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* 92.7%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + 0.25 \cdot u0\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]

   2. *-commutative 92.7%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + \color{blue}{u0 \cdot 0.25}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

8. Simplified 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + u0 \cdot 0.25\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]

9. Final simplification 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot 0.5 + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + u0 \cdot 0.25\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 93.5% accurate, 5.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + u0 \cdot 0.25\right)\right) + 1\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  alpha
  (*
   alpha
   (* u0 (+ (* u0 (+ 0.5 (* u0 (+ 0.3333333333333333 (* u0 0.25))))) 1.0)))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (alpha * (u0 * ((u0 * (0.5f + (u0 * (0.3333333333333333f + (u0 * 0.25f))))) + 1.0f)));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (alpha * (u0 * ((u0 * (0.5e0 + (u0 * (0.3333333333333333e0 + (u0 * 0.25e0))))) + 1.0e0)))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(0.5) + Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) + Float32(u0 * Float32(0.25)))))) + Float32(1.0)))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (alpha * (u0 * ((u0 * (single(0.5) + (u0 * (single(0.3333333333333333) + (u0 * single(0.25)))))) + single(1.0))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in alpha around 0 92.5%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(1 + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + 0.25 \cdot u0\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

7. Final simplification 92.5%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + u0 \cdot 0.25\right)\right) + 1\right)\right)\right) \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 91.8% accurate, 6.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot 0.5 + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  alpha
  (*
   u0
   (+ alpha (* u0 (+ (* alpha 0.5) (* (* alpha u0) 0.3333333333333333)))))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (u0 * ((alpha * 0.5f) + ((alpha * u0) * 0.3333333333333333f)))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (u0 * ((alpha * 0.5e0) + ((alpha * u0) * 0.3333333333333333e0)))))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(alpha + Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(alpha * Float32(0.5)) + Float32(Float32(alpha * u0) * Float32(0.3333333333333333)))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (u0 * ((alpha * single(0.5)) + ((alpha * u0) * single(0.3333333333333333))))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 90.3%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) + 0.5 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Final simplification 90.3%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot 0.5 + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 91.8% accurate, 7.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + u0 \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* alpha (* u0 (+ alpha (* alpha (* u0 (+ 0.5 (* u0 0.3333333333333333))))))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (alpha * (u0 * (0.5f + (u0 * 0.3333333333333333f))))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (alpha * (u0 * (0.5e0 + (u0 * 0.3333333333333333e0))))))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(alpha + Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(0.5) + Float32(u0 * Float32(0.3333333333333333))))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (alpha * (u0 * (single(0.5) + (u0 * single(0.3333333333333333)))))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in alpha around 0 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + 0.25 \cdot u0\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* 92.7%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + 0.25 \cdot u0\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]

   2. *-commutative 92.7%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + \color{blue}{u0 \cdot 0.25}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

8. Simplified 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + u0 \cdot 0.25\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]

9. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 90.3%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right)\right)\right) \]

10. Taylor expanded in alpha around 0 90.3%

    \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

11. Final simplification 90.3%

    \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + u0 \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 87.7% accurate, 9.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot 0.5 + 1\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* alpha (* alpha (* u0 (+ (* u0 0.5) 1.0)))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (alpha * (u0 * ((u0 * 0.5f) + 1.0f)));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (alpha * (u0 * ((u0 * 0.5e0) + 1.0e0)))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(u0 * Float32(0.5)) + Float32(1.0)))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (alpha * (u0 * ((u0 * single(0.5)) + single(1.0))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 92.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in alpha around 0 92.5%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(1 + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 + u0 \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 + 0.25 \cdot u0\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

7. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 85.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(1 + 0.5 \cdot u0\right)\right)}\right) \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 85.7%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{u0 \cdot 0.5}\right)\right)\right) \]

9. Simplified 85.7%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(1 + u0 \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\right) \]

10. Final simplification 85.7%

    \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot 0.5 + 1\right)\right)\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 87.8% accurate, 9.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + 0.5 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* alpha (* u0 (+ alpha (* 0.5 (* alpha u0))))))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (0.5f * (alpha * u0))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (0.5e0 * (alpha * u0))))
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(u0 * Float32(alpha + Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(alpha * u0)))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (u0 * (alpha + (single(0.5) * (alpha * u0))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 85.8%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + 0.5 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right)\right)\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-in 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-*r* 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \alpha + u0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot u0\right)}\right) \]

   3. associate-*r* 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha\right)\right) \cdot u0}\right) \]

   4. *-commutative 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \alpha + \color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \]

   5. distribute-lft-out 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. *-commutative 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + u0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot 0.5\right)}\right)\right) \]

   7. associate-*r* 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot 0.5}\right)\right) \]

   8. *-commutative 85.8%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right)} \cdot 0.5\right)\right) \]

7. Simplified 85.8%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot 0.5\right)\right)} \]

8. Final simplification 85.8%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\alpha + 0.5 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right)\right)\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 75.1% accurate, 21.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0) :precision binary32 (* alpha (* alpha u0)))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return alpha * (alpha * u0);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = alpha * (alpha * u0)
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(alpha * Float32(alpha * u0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = alpha * (alpha * u0);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l* 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-in 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(-\alpha \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\right)} \]

   5. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \]

   6. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 72.9%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right)} \]

6. Final simplification 72.9%

   \[\leadsto \alpha \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 75.1% accurate, 21.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (alpha u0) :precision binary32 (* u0 (* alpha alpha)))

C

float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return u0 * (alpha * alpha);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = u0 * (alpha * alpha)
end function

Julia

function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(u0 * Float32(alpha * alpha))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = u0 * (alpha * alpha);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 58.2%

   \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-neg-out 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]

   2. sub-neg 58.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-u0\right)\right)} \]

   3. log1p-define 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-u0\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0 72.9%

   \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot u0\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg 72.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]

7. Simplified 72.9%

   \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]

8. Final simplification 72.9%

   \[\leadsto u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024066 
(FPCore (alpha u0)
  :name "Beckmann Distribution sample, tan2theta, alphax == alphay"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (<= 0.0001 alpha) (<= alpha 1.0)) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u0) (<= u0 1.0)))
  (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0))))