
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (- (/ PI s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf(-(((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp(-(single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{-\frac{\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (+ (log s) (- (* u (- 2.0 (* u -2.0))) (log1p (+ PI -1.0))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (logf(s) + ((u * (2.0f - (u * -2.0f))) - log1pf((((float) M_PI) + -1.0f))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(log(s) + Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(2.0) - Float32(u * Float32(-2.0)))) - log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) + Float32(-1.0)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\log s + \left(u \cdot \left(2 - u \cdot -2\right) - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\pi + -1\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.6%
Simplified25.6%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.9%
log1p-expm1-u25.9%
expm1-undefine25.9%
add-exp-log25.9%
Applied egg-rr25.9%
Final simplification25.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log s) (+ (* u (- (* u -2.0) 2.0)) (log PI)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (logf(s) - ((u * ((u * -2.0f) - 2.0f)) + logf(((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(log(s) - Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-2.0)) - Float32(2.0))) + log(Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (log(s) - ((u * ((u * single(-2.0)) - single(2.0))) + log(single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\log s - \left(u \cdot \left(u \cdot -2 - 2\right) + \log \pi\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.6%
Simplified25.6%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.9%
Final simplification25.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (* u (* s 2.0)) (* s (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (u * (s * 2.0f)) - (s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(u * Float32(s * Float32(2.0))) - Float32(s * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
u \cdot \left(s \cdot 2\right) - s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 25.7%
+-commutative25.7%
fma-define25.7%
associate--r+25.7%
cancel-sign-sub-inv25.7%
distribute-rgt-out--25.7%
*-commutative25.7%
metadata-eval25.7%
metadata-eval25.7%
*-commutative25.7%
Simplified25.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.9%
+-commutative25.9%
mul-1-neg25.9%
unsub-neg25.9%
*-commutative25.9%
associate-/l*25.9%
associate-*r*25.9%
*-commutative25.9%
associate-*r/25.9%
log1p-define25.9%
Simplified25.9%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.9%
Final simplification25.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ 1.0 (/ s PI))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((1.0f / (s / ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(s / Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{s}{\pi}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.7%
distribute-lft-neg-out25.7%
neg-sub025.7%
log1p-define25.7%
Applied egg-rr25.7%
neg-sub025.7%
*-commutative25.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in25.7%
Simplified25.7%
clear-num25.7%
inv-pow25.7%
*-un-lft-identity25.7%
times-frac25.7%
metadata-eval25.7%
+-commutative25.7%
fma-define25.7%
Applied egg-rr25.7%
unpow-125.7%
associate-*r/25.7%
times-frac25.7%
Simplified25.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.8%
Final simplification25.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.8%
mul-1-neg25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in25.8%
log1p-define25.8%
Simplified25.8%
Final simplification25.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 25.7%
+-commutative25.7%
fma-define25.7%
associate--r+25.7%
cancel-sign-sub-inv25.7%
distribute-rgt-out--25.7%
*-commutative25.7%
metadata-eval25.7%
metadata-eval25.7%
*-commutative25.7%
Simplified25.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.8%
distribute-lft-in11.8%
associate-*r*11.8%
metadata-eval11.8%
neg-mul-111.8%
*-commutative11.8%
associate-*r*11.8%
metadata-eval11.8%
*-commutative11.8%
associate-*r*11.8%
Simplified11.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.8%
sub-neg11.8%
associate-*r*11.8%
mul-1-neg11.8%
distribute-rgt-out11.8%
metadata-eval11.8%
distribute-lft-neg-in11.8%
*-commutative11.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in11.8%
metadata-eval11.8%
Simplified11.8%
Final simplification11.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.6%
neg-mul-111.6%
Simplified11.6%
Final simplification11.6%
herbie shell --seed 2024060
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))